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294 69 77; qronikaqronika@gmail.com<br />
N27 (248) 14.08-4.09.2018 w.<br />
saqarTvelos qronika<br />
ers aqveynebs, romlis saintereso namdvil mdgomareobas. Cven ar Seg-<br />
seqtemberi<br />
nawyvetebs qvemoT gTavazobT: „momxsenebeli<br />
k. mayaSvili (upartio). Cveni xalxi, roca damoukidebloviZlia<br />
miviRoT gerbad raindi,<br />
saqarTvelos Zvel droidanve bas acxadebda, maSin sasowarkveTilebamde<br />
misuli iyo. Cven iseT pi-<br />
hqonda droSebi, romlis Sesaxeb<br />
aRweriloba arsebobs berZnul, robebSi vimyofebodiT, rom yofna<br />
laTinur da sx. enebze. SarSan ar yofnis sakiTxi iyo dasmuli,<br />
winandelma erovnulma sabWom moiwvia<br />
specialistebi da mcodne pirelmwifo<br />
Seqmna iseT droSi, roca<br />
Cveni xalxi ver ityvis, rom man saxebi<br />
da miiRes saqarTvelos droSa: yvelaferi rigze iyo da araferi<br />
wiTeli, TeTri da Savi. komisiamac uSfoTavda guls. piriqiT, qarTveli<br />
xalxi, gars Semortymuliyo<br />
es samferovani droSa miiRo.<br />
socialist revoliucionerTa mtrebiT da misi sulieri mdgomareoba<br />
gamoixateboda im Savi Rrub-<br />
fraqciis saxeliT barabaZe acxadebs,<br />
rom Cven gvaqvs erTi droSa, lebis gavleniT, romelic Camowoliliyo<br />
politikur horizontze.<br />
romlis qveS vdgevarT da amitom<br />
samferovani droSis miRebis dros roca mdgomareoba Seicvleba da<br />
kenWis yraSi Cveni fraqcia Tavs Cveni saerTaSoriso mdgomareoba<br />
Seikavebso.<br />
gamoirkveva, maSin es am drois gancdisa<br />
da suliskveTebis gamomxat-<br />
r. arseniZe: me momxre var saxelmwifosTvis<br />
darCes aseTi samferovani<br />
droSa, radganac partii-<br />
romelmac cali xeliT ganiTavisuvelad,<br />
emblemad darCeba. amirani,<br />
saTvis gvaqvs wiTeli droSa (Zlieri<br />
taSi).<br />
ibrZvis gansaTavisufleblad, saufla<br />
jaWvisgan da guldafleTili<br />
d. Ciqovani: erovnul demokratebis<br />
saxeliT vacxadeb, rom Cveni Cveni mdgomareobis”.<br />
keTeso gamomxatvelia dRevandeli<br />
fraqcia survils gamosTqvams wereTlis am gamosvlasa da argumentebs<br />
erovnul-demokratiu-<br />
dReidan es saxelmwifo droSa<br />
gamokidebul iqmnas saqarTvelos li partiis deputati veSapeli<br />
celda bonebis mbeWdav saxelmwifo sityviT TavianT mSobliur enaze<br />
umaRles saxelmwifo dawesebulebis<br />
sasaxlis win.<br />
Cvens xalxs awers pesimistur me-<br />
gamoexmaura: „batoni wereTeli<br />
eqspediciidan didZali fulis moparvis<br />
Sesaxeb. exla gamoirkva, rom yvela saswavlo, samxedro da<br />
gamosuliyvnen.<br />
amis Semdeg, sabWom warmodgenili<br />
kanon-proeqti miiRo”.<br />
xalxs zeimi da dResaswauli marsianizms<br />
maSin, rodesac Cvens<br />
eqspediciis sawyobidan, sadac dabeWdili<br />
bonebi inaxeboda, moup-<br />
kanonis cxovrebaSi gatareba dae-<br />
saxelmwifo dawesebulebas am<br />
seqtemberSi amoqmedda kanoni Tebs. ra gasakvirvelia es maTgan.<br />
aravT 1 015 000 maneTis bonebi. vala. gazeTi „erToba”. 1918 wlis<br />
qveSevrdomobis Sesaxeb. erovnuli maT xom saqarTvelos damoukidebloba<br />
iZulebul nabijad miaCniaT.<br />
sawyobi daketili aRmoCnda da be- 28 seqtemberi: „qarTuli enis proeqti.<br />
erovnul sabWos prezidium-<br />
sabWos mier miRebuli kanonis mixedviT,<br />
saqarTvelos respublikis wereTeli ambobs, rom Rerbi unda<br />
Wdebic karze xeluxlebeli.<br />
150 000 maneTis garda moparulia<br />
axali feris da axali saxrTul<br />
saswavleblebSi qarTuli<br />
Si Seitanes kanon-proeqti ara qa-<br />
qveSevrdomebad iTvleboda yvela gamoxatavdes Cveni xalxis sulier<br />
is moqalaqe ganurCevlad erovnebisa,<br />
romelic miwerili iyo ama Tu miviRoT, maSin Cveni xalxis yaC-<br />
mdgomareobaso. es principi rom<br />
is aTmaneTiani bonebic. mTavrobam enis savaldebulo swavlebis Sesaxeb.<br />
pirvel xanebSi qarTuli ena<br />
daadgina, SeaCeros axali aT-maneim<br />
administraciul erTeulze aRur sulier mdgomareobas arsena<br />
oZelaSvili gamoxatavs da is<br />
Tianebis beWdva da yvela dawesebulebebs<br />
daugzavna xsenebul bon-<br />
xolo qarTuli istoriis swavle-<br />
savaldebulo iqneba me-4 klasamde,<br />
1914 wlis 18 ivlisamde da es administraciuli<br />
erTeuli Sedioda miviRoT. amiranis miReba SeuZlebelia.<br />
is kargi saqmisTvis ar aris<br />
ebis nimuSi, raTa imdagvari bonebi ba ufros klasebSi rusul enaze<br />
saqarTvelos teritoriis sazRvrebSi.<br />
gazeTi „erToba”. 1918 wlis 10 mijaWvuli, man RmerTi, zevsi<br />
arsad miiRon. jer gamorkveuli ar iqneba”.<br />
aris, Tu ra pirobebSi moxda eqspediciis<br />
sawyobis gaqurdva. Txvelebs auwyebs, rom Tbilisis<br />
9 seqtembers igive gazeTi mkiseqtemberi:<br />
„Sinagan saqmeTa saministrom<br />
Semdegi brZaneba daugzav-<br />
TeTri giorgi wmindania, keTili<br />
moatyua da imitom dasajes. xolo<br />
am qurdobis gamo daapatimres saxelmwifo saSualo kulturulteqnikuri<br />
saswavleblis gamgeobis<br />
na guberniis da olqis komisrebs miznebiT da azrebiT gamsWvaluli<br />
mTeli sayaraulo razmi, romelic<br />
da saqarTvelos respublikis qalaqis<br />
Tavebs. mTavrobis dadgeni-<br />
Tvel xalxis fsixologias da ami-<br />
raindi da is ufro Seefereba qargaqurdvis<br />
dros eqspedicias sdarajobda.<br />
dapatimrebulia yaraudebulo<br />
sagani xdeboda. gamgeobis<br />
dadgenilebiT qarTuli ena savallebiT<br />
gTxovT miiRoT zomebi, ra- tom Cveni saxelmwifos gerbad unda<br />
miviRoT”.<br />
lis ufrosi podporuCiki ciciSvili<br />
da yaraulSi myofi me-5-e polebic<br />
ar flobdnen qarTuls, sas-<br />
gancxadebiT, is mowafeebi, rom-<br />
Ta gatarebuli iqnas saCqaroT erovnul<br />
sabWos mier miRebuli kanoni<br />
qveSerdomobis Sesaxeb. moaxdi-<br />
Si RerbTan dakavSirebiT kenWisyra<br />
kamaTis Semdeg erovnul sabWolkis<br />
jariskacebi: marqaraSvili, wavlebelSi ver Cairicxebodnen.<br />
balaSvili, Tofuria, qordava, bunturi,<br />
gavrilovi, popovi, TaTar-<br />
SeiaraRebul ZalebSic. amasTan<br />
gaqarTulebis procesi daiwyo<br />
neT registracia Tqven mier rwmunebul<br />
guberniebSi, qalaqebSi resgiT<br />
dasrulda: Rerbze TeTri<br />
gaimarTa, romelic Semdegi SedeaSvili,<br />
edigarovi da gziriSvili”. dakavSirebiT gazeT „erTobis” 3<br />
publikis yvela qveSerdomebisa”. giorgis gamosaxulebas 33 deputatma<br />
dauWira mxari, winaaRmdegi<br />
saxelmwifo simbolika<br />
samxedro ministris Sesabamisi br-<br />
seqtembris nomerSi gamoqveynda<br />
cxare kamaTi warimarTa erovnul<br />
sabWoSi saxelmwifo Rerbis ki 17 iyo. amiranis momxre mxolod<br />
1918 wlis seqtemberi saqarTvelosTvis<br />
gansakuTrebuli gamodma<br />
brZaneba gasca, rom jarSi<br />
Zanebulebac: „1) samxedro ministr-<br />
Taobaze. agvistoSi, profesor ivane<br />
javaxiSvilis daskvnis miuxeda-<br />
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo Rerbad<br />
16 deputati gamodga. sabolood,<br />
ga. swored seqtemberSi SemoiRes varjiSoba da mecadineoba qarTul<br />
vad, social-demokratebis nawili erovnulma sabWom TeTri giorgi<br />
oficialurad qarTuli Rerbi da enaze swarmoebdes. 2) samxedro uwyebebs<br />
ubrZana, rom yvela Senobe-<br />
kvlav kldeze mijaWvuli amiranis Svidi mnaTobiT daamtkica.<br />
droSa. saxelmwifo statusi mienigamosaxulebas<br />
emxrobodnen, maSin eklesiasTan SeTanxmebiT, xelisuflebam<br />
daadgina im saeklesio<br />
Wa qarTul enas. SemoiRes saqarTvelos<br />
moqalaqeoba. oficialurad arsebobs, qarTuli warwera gaukebze,<br />
sadac samxedro dawesebuleba<br />
rodesac erovnul-demokratiuli<br />
partia saxelmwifo simbolod Te- dResaswaulebis CamonaTvali, romelic<br />
uqmeebad cxaddeboda. mo-<br />
gamoqveynda saqarTvelos uqme Ton rusulis magivraT”.<br />
Tri giorgis miRebas iTxovda. gazeT<br />
„erTobis” 20 seqtembris nomeri saxleoba rom ar dabneuliyo, gam-<br />
dReebis CamonaTvali.<br />
erovnul sabWoSi cxare kamaTi<br />
mivyveT yvelafers TanmimdevrobiT.<br />
gazeT „saqarTvelos” 27 nproeqtis Sesaxeb. 8 seqtembris<br />
midioda saxelmwifo droSis kano-<br />
am TemasTan dakavSirebiT erovnuli<br />
sabWos wevrTa kamaTs aqveynebs. Tebuli iyo rogorc axali stiocemul<br />
brZanebaSi TariRebi miTiseqtembris<br />
nomerSi mocemuli cnobiT,<br />
erovnulma sabWom miiRo de-<br />
sabWoSi mimdinare debatebis Canaw-<br />
nomerSi gazeTi „erToba” erovnul<br />
„wereTeli: amiranis gamoxatuleba liT, aseve Zveli stiliTac. gazeswored<br />
gamoxatavs Cveni xalxis Ti „erToba”. 1918 wlis 21 seqtembuleba<br />
„saqarTvelos saxelmwifo<br />
enis” Sesaxeb. rogorc gamocema iuwyeba,<br />
am sakiTxma erovnul sabWo-<br />
Si cxare kamaTi da debatebi gamoiwvia.<br />
amieridan qarTuli ena saxelmwifo<br />
enad dakanonda.<br />
kanonSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom<br />
saqarTvelos respublikaSi saxelmwifo<br />
enad qarTuli ena cxaddeboda;<br />
saqarTvelos erovnul sab-<br />
WoSi yovelgvari saqmis warmoeba<br />
da kamaTi unda yofiliyo qarTul<br />
enaze; erovnul umciresobaTa im<br />
warmomadgenlebs, romlebmac saxelmwifo<br />
ena ar icodnen, SeeZloT,<br />
beri: „Sromis saministro acxadebs,<br />
rom im kiTxvis gadasaWrelad, Tu<br />
rodis iyves uqmeebi, Zveli Tu axali<br />
stiliT, mTavrobis dadgenilebiT<br />
daarsebulia sauwyebaTa-<br />
Soriso komisia eklesiis warmomadgenlTa<br />
TandaswrebiT. am komisiis<br />
muSaobis dasrulebamde _ Sobamde,<br />
winaswar cxaddeba Semdegi uqme<br />
dReebi, roca ar unda imuSaon: 1)<br />
RvTismSoblis dabadeba 21 seqtembers<br />
(Zveli stiliT 8 seqtembers);<br />
2) jvarTamaRleba 27 seqtembers<br />
(Zveli stiliT 14 seqtembers); 3)<br />
taZraT miyvana 4 dekembers (Zveli<br />
stiliT 21 noemberi); im pirebma da<br />
dawesebulebebma, romlebmac 8 da<br />
14 seqtemberi axali stiliT iuqmes,<br />
unda 21 da 27 seqtembers imuSavon”.<br />
ekonomika<br />
saqarTvelo kvlav mZime ekonomikur<br />
krizisSia gaxveuli. qveyana<br />
SimSilobs da es gansakuTrebiT<br />
periferiebis magaliTze igrZnoba.<br />
gazeT „erTobis” 3 seqtembris nomerSi<br />
moyvanilia Sorapnis mazris<br />
sofel wevis magaliTi, sadac sursaTi<br />
saerTod aRar iSoveboda:<br />
„SimSilobam da sasursaTo krizisma<br />
umwvervales wertils miaRwia.<br />
xalxi pirdapir sasowarkveTaSi Cavarda<br />
da ar ician ra hqnan. fqvaven<br />
lobios da mWadis magivrad xmaroben;<br />
vinc lobios ver Soulobs,<br />
is xilsa da balaxeuls etaneba,<br />
rac aTasgvar avaTmyofobas aCens<br />
sofelSi, mdgomareoba autanelia.<br />
mosalodnelia eqscesebi. aucilebelia<br />
mTavrobis saTanado daxmareba.<br />
unda aRiniSnos, rom es<br />
sofeli misdevs mxolod mevenaxeobas,<br />
ris gamoc simindi aq TiTqmis<br />
aravis ar mosdis ori Tvis sar-<br />
Coc ki”.<br />
gaZvirda tramvaiT mgzavrobis<br />
gadasaxadi, gaZvirda eleqtroenergia.<br />
sayovelTao saxe miiRo spekulaciam<br />
da fasebis TviTneburma<br />
zrdam. eleqtroenergiis deficitis<br />
gamo mTavroba iZulebuli gaxda,<br />
sayovelTao SezRudvebi SemoeRo<br />
da mosaxleobisTvis denis yairaTianad<br />
xarjvisken moewodebina.<br />
mTavrobis am mowodebas gazeTi<br />
„erToba” 14 seqtembers aqveynebs:<br />
„moqalaqeno! Txeli saTbobi masala<br />
qalaqSi Tavdeba, kidev cota<br />
xanic da mTel qalaqs wyvdiadi<br />
moicavs. saWiroa moqalaqeTa didi<br />
daxmareba am momentis dasaSoreblad.<br />
Tfilisis qalaqis gamgeoba<br />
Rebulobs saamisoT saswrafo zomebs,<br />
romelic gamoixateba Semdeg-<br />
Si: qalaqi dayofilia ramodenime<br />
ubnad, TviTeul ubanSi muSaoben<br />
ubnis eleqtrotexnikebi, eleqtroniT<br />
ganaTebis minimumamdis dasayvanad.<br />
Semdegi normebi savaldebuloa<br />
yvela moqalaqeTa da dawesebulebebisTvis”.<br />
amis Semdeg CamoTvlili iyo is<br />
SezRudvebi, romlebic moqalaqeebs<br />
unda gaeTvaliswinebinaT. Ti-<br />
Toeul sacxovrebel saxlSi nebadarTuli<br />
iyo mxolod erTi na-<br />
Turis anTeba; kerZo binebSi, maRaziebSi,<br />
gasarTob adgilebSi, sastumroebSi,<br />
saparikmaxeroebsa da<br />
restornebSi akrZaluli iyo ganaTebis<br />
garda sxva mizniT eleqtroenergiis<br />
moxmareba. maRaziebs,<br />
gasarTob adgilebs da restornebs<br />
erT kvadratul saJenze mxolod 4<br />
naTuris anTebis ufleba hqondaT;<br />
aikrZala vitrinebis reklamis<br />
mizniT ganaTeba. qalaqis gamgeoba<br />
mosaxleobas afrTxilebda, rom<br />
CamoTvlili normis zeviT darCenil<br />
yvela naTuras eleqtroteqnikosebi<br />
dabeWdavdnen specialuri<br />
plombiT. vinc am brZanebas daar-<br />
Rvevda, igi dajarimdeboda administraciuli<br />
wesiT da amasTanave<br />
saerTod Seuwydeboda eleqtroenergiis<br />
miwodebac.<br />
33
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