Comprehesive Boiler Manual Jan 2019

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Steam Trap Trouble Shooting vii. Steam Trap Troubleshooting Mechanic’s Stethoscope Each type of steam trap has its own fingerprint signature sound when functioning properly. Electronic stethoscope Screwdriver to Ear method! Flow Infrared Pyrometer A significant drop in temperature indicates that a steam trap is functioning properly. Flow For every 8 inches away, the meter reads a circle of 1 inch diameter. The laser dot only acts as a pointer and has nothing to do with IR light. Thermal Imager (preferred) P a g e 108
Desuperheater 2) Keeping steam temperature constant and below 1000°F is important for minimizing thermal stresses on the superheater tubes and turbine. Pretreated and preheated boiler feed water is generally used as desuperheater feed water Technically, a Desuperheater and Attemperator are one in the same, that is, a unit that reduces the temperature of super-heated steam. However, in the power plant arena, attemperators generally refer to the unit between stages in a superheater. Venturi Desuperheater Variable Orifice Desuperheater Atomizing Desuperheater (steam and water sprayer) Spring loaded plunger (plug) Steam Flow Spring loaded plunger lifts up when high pressure steam is present, opening up the cooling water inlet. P a g e 109
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www.b-ct.net BOILERS Comprehensive
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iii. Air Compressor ...............
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ii. Composition ...................
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. Fuel Line Limit Controllers .....
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2) Fire Tube i. Multi-Pass Multi-Pa
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ICB: InterCooled Back boiler P a g
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iv. Stays Stays are often installed
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Flex Tube Bryan ® Flex Tube Closed
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Circular Coil Circular Coil Boiler
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O, D, A Type “O” Type “A” T
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iii. Downcomer spelling! Mud drum D
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v. Steam Scrubber: Baffles/Dry Pipe
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4) Water Cum Smoke Tube (Water and
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6) Closed Loop Boilers (Hot Water C
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Water Expansion Control Water Expan
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PEX tubing Closed Loop Continued PE
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Measurement Refractometer: Chemical
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Condensing Boiler Condensing Boiler
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7) Co-Generation a. Electricity Tes
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c. Steam Turbine Rotors (rotating)
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e. Non-Condensing Turbines Non-Cond
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A) Boiler Start Up, Operation and S
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i. Heat Pump Around 37°F many heat
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iii. Air Compressor Atomizing and C
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Temperature @ 0 psig = 1 Atm = sea
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Saturation Curve Saturation Curve S
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Extreme Precipitation A combination
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Water to Ice Expansion to Ice Expan
Page 57 and 58: i. Sublimation/Deposition Home Unit
Page 59 and 60: iii. Boiling/Condensing Vapor Cone:
Page 61 and 62: 5) Steam Table Gauge Pressure Inche
Page 63 and 64: ˚F → Water Rankine Cycle: Steam
Page 65 and 66: Digital psi sensor Aux. operations
Page 67 and 68: Water level indicator using Differe
Page 69 and 70: (Hydraulic Fracturing) Downward tre
Page 71 and 72: iii. Solid Fuels / BioMass Wood Sol
Page 73 and 74: Solid Fuels: Garbage Municipal Wast
Page 75 and 76: iv. Electricity Very small wall mou
Page 77 and 78: i. Combustion Air Atmospheric Draft
Page 79 and 80: ii. Spark Ignition Transformer Spar
Page 81 and 82: Premix Flame Diffusion Flame: no Ox
Page 83 and 84: Swirler and Nozzle The diffuser, or
Page 85 and 86: Burners Premix Burner Premix Mesh B
Page 87 and 88: ii. Oil Oil Burners Light Oil Steam
Page 89 and 90: Dual iii. Duel Fuel: NG & and Oil L
Page 91 and 92: Grate Bed Bed Step Grate Chain Grat
Page 93 and 94: Circulating CFB = Circulating Fluid
Page 95 and 96: Sonic Blast Soot Blower Uses compre
Page 97 and 98: i. Thermodynamic Thermodisc When co
Page 99 and 100: Mechanical continued Inverted Bucke
Page 101 and 102: Mechanical continued Float & Thermo
Page 103 and 104: Thermostatic continued Spring Expan
Page 105 and 106: v. Automatic Pump Trap (APT) = Cond
Page 107: PRV Let Down Station P a g e 107
Page 111 and 112: High Capacity Instantaneous Steam F
Page 113 and 114: Motorized solenoid incoming steam c
Page 115 and 116: ii. Plate and Frame Plate and Frame
Page 117 and 118: iv. Steam Radiators Adjustable Ther
Page 119 and 120: vi. Autoclaves High temperature and
Page 121 and 122: 4) Pumps i. Reciprocating Reciproca
Page 123 and 124: iii. Centrifugal Series vs Parallel
Page 125 and 126: v. Motor Vibration Monitoring All r
Page 127 and 128: 5) Valves i. Types Ball Gate Butter
Page 129 and 130: iii. Actuators Actuators remotely o
Page 131 and 132: A Solenoid: Electricity creates a t
Page 133 and 134: Cavitation: Sudden implosion of low
Page 135 and 136: ii. Condensate Vacuum Pump During m
Page 137 and 138: Variable Frequency Drive ii. VFD: A
Page 139 and 140: D) Piping Systems 1) Pipes i. Manuf
Page 141 and 142: ii. Composition Carbon Steel Black
Page 143 and 144: iv. Poiseuille’s Law Poiseuille
Page 145 and 146: Inline Steam Separators iii. Inline
Page 147 and 148: E) Water Quality 1) Water Chemistry
Page 149 and 150: pH Probe Acids have more positive i
Page 151 and 152: Conductivity vs. TDS Total dissolve
Page 153 and 154: 2) Make Up Water Up Water The term
Page 155 and 156: Water Softener Sodium (Na+) changes
Page 157 and 158: KCl vs. NaCl The potassium (K) atom
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iii. Filtration Suspended Solids Fi
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Slime Buildup on RO Membrane Foulin
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3) Feed Water: DA Tank DeAerator i.
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Page 3 Overflow Valve controller, H
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4) Boiler Water i. Caustic Embrittl
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iii. Residual Oxygen Pitting Contro
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v. Sludge and Settlement Control: B
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vi. Water Column Blowdown Normal co
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Most common amines pH controlling a
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LDI - Liquid Droplet Impingement ii
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7) Chemical Feed Pumps Peristaltic
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G) System Documentation / Plant Per
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2) Flow Meters i. Differential Pres
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ii. Ultrasonic 2. Ultrasonic Dopple
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3) Energy Measurement Energy: measu
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Acid Rain Acid Rain Nitric Acid Sul
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SO₂ Control Sulfur Dioxide Contro
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Stoichiometric flame → Flame exti
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Premix Low NO x Burners By mixing t
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Flue Gas Recirculation, recycles a
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SCR Ammonia Free 3 Way Catalytic Co
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SCR Ammonia Injection Grid = AIG Th
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3 Way Dual Bed 3 Way Single Bed Pla
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(Particulate Matter) Control Electr
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, Bag House (Particulate Matter) Co
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New Technology New Technology Emiss
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CO₂ (Green House Gasses) Greenhou
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2) Generator System Components Turb
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I) Routine Equipment Maintenance 1)
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3) Small Boiler Layup/Seasonal Down
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2) Refractory Fire box lining (bric
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K) Safety Systems 1) Emergency Stop
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5) Hartford Loop The Hartford Loop
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. Fuel Line Limit Controllers Any o
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Using positive pressure air flow fr
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Boiler Gas Train PRVs Strainers Iso
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Pilot Line: NG pilot line extractio
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Atomizing Air/Steam for Fuel Oil At
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K = Potassium, Ag = Silver, Cs = Ce
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Flame Rod Flame Rod = Ionization Se
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Magnetic Float = gauge glass tubula
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L) Facilitating and monitoring rece
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M) Efficiency 1) LEED Program In th
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Hole Size 20 psi 25 psi 100 psi 200
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The difference in Oxygen concentrat
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Increase Effects (symptoms) 3) Effe
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Combustion Air Pre-Heaters 5) Combu
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6) Blowdown Heat Recovery i. Surfac
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Usable low psi steam 7) Flash Steam
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3) Periodic Table P a g e 257
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5) Boiler Device Nomenclature AFOSV
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Bypass Feeder .....................
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Hydrogen ..........................
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Reverse Osmosis ...................
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Comprehesive Boiler Manual Jan 2019

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