Comprehesive Boiler Manual Jan 2019

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f. Combined Cycle CCPP: Dual Shaft CCPP: Single Shaft P a g e 42
A) <strong>Boiler</strong> Start Up, Operation and Shutdown 1) Ideal Gas Law: PV=nRT When Temperature↑ and Volume stays the same, then Pressure↑ = BOILER When Pressure↑ and Volume stays the same, then Temperature↑ = AIR COMPRESSOR The INTERCOOLER uses water or outside air to cool compressed air in-between stages. 2 nd Stage 1 st Stage When Pressure↓ and Volume stays the same, then Temperature↓ = Propane Tank P↓ × V c = T↓ : Refrigeration ICE ! Hot (Restricting Orifice) Cold Various types of expansion valves Air Conditioning * Simplified for training purposes. Actual: P a g e 43
Page 1 and 2: www.b-ct.net BOILERS Comprehensive
Page 3 and 4: iii. Air Compressor ...............
Page 5 and 6: ii. Composition ...................
Page 7 and 8: . Fuel Line Limit Controllers .....
Page 9 and 10: 2) Fire Tube i. Multi-Pass Multi-Pa
Page 11 and 12: ICB: InterCooled Back boiler P a g
Page 13 and 14: iv. Stays Stays are often installed
Page 15 and 16: Flex Tube Bryan ® Flex Tube Closed
Page 17 and 18: Circular Coil Circular Coil Boiler
Page 19 and 20: O, D, A Type “O” Type “A” T
Page 21 and 22: iii. Downcomer spelling! Mud drum D
Page 23 and 24: v. Steam Scrubber: Baffles/Dry Pipe
Page 25 and 26: 4) Water Cum Smoke Tube (Water and
Page 27 and 28: 6) Closed Loop Boilers (Hot Water C
Page 29 and 30: Water Expansion Control Water Expan
Page 31 and 32: PEX tubing Closed Loop Continued PE
Page 33 and 34: Measurement Refractometer: Chemical
Page 35 and 36: Condensing Boiler Condensing Boiler
Page 37 and 38: 7) Co-Generation a. Electricity Tes
Page 39 and 40: c. Steam Turbine Rotors (rotating)
Page 41: e. Non-Condensing Turbines Non-Cond
Page 45 and 46: i. Heat Pump Around 37°F many heat
Page 47 and 48: iii. Air Compressor Atomizing and C
Page 49 and 50: Temperature @ 0 psig = 1 Atm = sea
Page 51 and 52: Saturation Curve Saturation Curve S
Page 53 and 54: Extreme Precipitation A combination
Page 55 and 56: Water to Ice Expansion to Ice Expan
Page 57 and 58: i. Sublimation/Deposition Home Unit
Page 59 and 60: iii. Boiling/Condensing Vapor Cone:
Page 61 and 62: 5) Steam Table Gauge Pressure Inche
Page 63 and 64: ˚F → Water Rankine Cycle: Steam
Page 65 and 66: Digital psi sensor Aux. operations
Page 67 and 68: Water level indicator using Differe
Page 69 and 70: (Hydraulic Fracturing) Downward tre
Page 71 and 72: iii. Solid Fuels / BioMass Wood Sol
Page 73 and 74: Solid Fuels: Garbage Municipal Wast
Page 75 and 76: iv. Electricity Very small wall mou
Page 77 and 78: i. Combustion Air Atmospheric Draft
Page 79 and 80: ii. Spark Ignition Transformer Spar
Page 81 and 82: Premix Flame Diffusion Flame: no Ox
Page 83 and 84: Swirler and Nozzle The diffuser, or
Page 85 and 86: Burners Premix Burner Premix Mesh B
Page 87 and 88: ii. Oil Oil Burners Light Oil Steam
Page 89 and 90: Dual iii. Duel Fuel: NG & and Oil L
Page 91 and 92: Grate Bed Bed Step Grate Chain Grat
Page 93 and 94:
Circulating CFB = Circulating Fluid
Page 95 and 96:
Sonic Blast Soot Blower Uses compre
Page 97 and 98:
i. Thermodynamic Thermodisc When co
Page 99 and 100:
Mechanical continued Inverted Bucke
Page 101 and 102:
Mechanical continued Float & Thermo
Page 103 and 104:
Thermostatic continued Spring Expan
Page 105 and 106:
v. Automatic Pump Trap (APT) = Cond
Page 107 and 108:
PRV Let Down Station P a g e 107
Page 109 and 110:
Desuperheater 2) Keeping steam temp
Page 111 and 112:
High Capacity Instantaneous Steam F
Page 113 and 114:
Motorized solenoid incoming steam c
Page 115 and 116:
ii. Plate and Frame Plate and Frame
Page 117 and 118:
iv. Steam Radiators Adjustable Ther
Page 119 and 120:
vi. Autoclaves High temperature and
Page 121 and 122:
4) Pumps i. Reciprocating Reciproca
Page 123 and 124:
iii. Centrifugal Series vs Parallel
Page 125 and 126:
v. Motor Vibration Monitoring All r
Page 127 and 128:
5) Valves i. Types Ball Gate Butter
Page 129 and 130:
iii. Actuators Actuators remotely o
Page 131 and 132:
A Solenoid: Electricity creates a t
Page 133 and 134:
Cavitation: Sudden implosion of low
Page 135 and 136:
ii. Condensate Vacuum Pump During m
Page 137 and 138:
Variable Frequency Drive ii. VFD: A
Page 139 and 140:
D) Piping Systems 1) Pipes i. Manuf
Page 141 and 142:
ii. Composition Carbon Steel Black
Page 143 and 144:
iv. Poiseuille’s Law Poiseuille
Page 145 and 146:
Inline Steam Separators iii. Inline
Page 147 and 148:
E) Water Quality 1) Water Chemistry
Page 149 and 150:
pH Probe Acids have more positive i
Page 151 and 152:
Conductivity vs. TDS Total dissolve
Page 153 and 154:
2) Make Up Water Up Water The term
Page 155 and 156:
Water Softener Sodium (Na+) changes
Page 157 and 158:
KCl vs. NaCl The potassium (K) atom
Page 159 and 160:
iii. Filtration Suspended Solids Fi
Page 161 and 162:
Slime Buildup on RO Membrane Foulin
Page 163 and 164:
3) Feed Water: DA Tank DeAerator i.
Page 165 and 166:
Page 3 Overflow Valve controller, H
Page 167 and 168:
4) Boiler Water i. Caustic Embrittl
Page 169 and 170:
iii. Residual Oxygen Pitting Contro
Page 171 and 172:
v. Sludge and Settlement Control: B
Page 173 and 174:
vi. Water Column Blowdown Normal co
Page 175 and 176:
Most common amines pH controlling a
Page 177 and 178:
LDI - Liquid Droplet Impingement ii
Page 179 and 180:
7) Chemical Feed Pumps Peristaltic
Page 181 and 182:
G) System Documentation / Plant Per
Page 183 and 184:
2) Flow Meters i. Differential Pres
Page 185 and 186:
ii. Ultrasonic 2. Ultrasonic Dopple
Page 187 and 188:
3) Energy Measurement Energy: measu
Page 189 and 190:
Acid Rain Acid Rain Nitric Acid Sul
Page 191 and 192:
SO₂ Control Sulfur Dioxide Contro
Page 193 and 194:
Stoichiometric flame → Flame exti
Page 195 and 196:
Premix Low NO x Burners By mixing t
Page 197 and 198:
Flue Gas Recirculation, recycles a
Page 199 and 200:
SCR Ammonia Free 3 Way Catalytic Co
Page 201 and 202:
SCR Ammonia Injection Grid = AIG Th
Page 203 and 204:
3 Way Dual Bed 3 Way Single Bed Pla
Page 205 and 206:
(Particulate Matter) Control Electr
Page 207 and 208:
, Bag House (Particulate Matter) Co
Page 209 and 210:
New Technology New Technology Emiss
Page 211 and 212:
CO₂ (Green House Gasses) Greenhou
Page 213 and 214:
2) Generator System Components Turb
Page 215 and 216:
I) Routine Equipment Maintenance 1)
Page 217 and 218:
3) Small Boiler Layup/Seasonal Down
Page 219 and 220:
2) Refractory Fire box lining (bric
Page 221 and 222:
K) Safety Systems 1) Emergency Stop
Page 223 and 224:
5) Hartford Loop The Hartford Loop
Page 225 and 226:
. Fuel Line Limit Controllers Any o
Page 227 and 228:
Using positive pressure air flow fr
Page 229 and 230:
Boiler Gas Train PRVs Strainers Iso
Page 231 and 232:
Pilot Line: NG pilot line extractio
Page 233 and 234:
Atomizing Air/Steam for Fuel Oil At
Page 235 and 236:
K = Potassium, Ag = Silver, Cs = Ce
Page 237 and 238:
Flame Rod Flame Rod = Ionization Se
Page 239 and 240:
Magnetic Float = gauge glass tubula
Page 241 and 242:
L) Facilitating and monitoring rece
Page 243 and 244:
M) Efficiency 1) LEED Program In th
Page 245 and 246:
Hole Size 20 psi 25 psi 100 psi 200
Page 247 and 248:
The difference in Oxygen concentrat
Page 249 and 250:
Increase Effects (symptoms) 3) Effe
Page 251 and 252:
Combustion Air Pre-Heaters 5) Combu
Page 253 and 254:
6) Blowdown Heat Recovery i. Surfac
Page 255 and 256:
Usable low psi steam 7) Flash Steam
Page 257 and 258:
3) Periodic Table P a g e 257
Page 259 and 260:
5) Boiler Device Nomenclature AFOSV
Page 261 and 262:
Bypass Feeder .....................
Page 263 and 264:
Hydrogen ..........................
Page 265 and 266:
Reverse Osmosis ...................
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Comprehesive Boiler Manual Jan 2019

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