Anemia of Prematurity - Portal Neonatal

decrease in cardiac output; triazole antifungals or cimetidine may
increase levels
Pregnancy C - Safety for use during pregnancy has not been established.
Precautions
Drug Name
Adult Dose
May cause tachycardia and flushing; caution in aortic stenosis or
hepatic insufficiency; may cause dizziness or syncope upon
treatment initiation
Nicardipine (Cardene) -- Relaxes coronary smooth muscle and
produces coronary vasodilation, which, in turn, improves myocardial
oxygen delivery and reduces myocardial oxygen consumption.
Intravenous nicardipine is the DOC for initial management of severe
neonatal hypertension.
20-40 mg PO tid
1-15 mg/h IV
Pediatric Dose 1-3 mcg/kg/min continuous IV infusion
Contraindications Documented hypersensitivity
Interactions
When administered concurrently with beta-blockers, may increase
cardiac depression; triazole antifungals may increase levels;
increases cyclosporine levels
Pregnancy C - Safety for use during pregnancy has not been established.
Precautions
Have arterial line in place for continuous BP monitoring; tachycardia
may develop
Drug Category: Beta-adrenergic blockers -- Decrease heart rate and cardiac output.
Drug Name
Adult Dose
Pediatric Dose
Contraindications
Interactions
Labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate) -- Blocks beta1-, alpha-, and
beta2-adrenergic receptor sites, decreasing blood pressure.
20-30 mg IV over 2 min, followed by 40-80 mg at 10-min intervals;
not to exceed 300 mg/dose
0.2-1 mg/kg/dose IV q6-8h; or 0.25-3 mg/kg/h continuous IV infusion
1 mg/kg/dose PO q8h; not to exceed 12 mg/kg/d
Documented hypersensitivity; cardiogenic shock; pulmonary edema;
bradycardia; atrioventricular block; uncompensated congestive heart
failure; reactive airway disease
Labetalol decreases effect of diuretics and increases toxicity of
methotrexate, lithium, and salicylates; may diminish reflex
tachycardia resulting from nitroglycerin use without interfering with
hypotensive effects; cimetidine may increase labetalol blood levels;
glutethimide may decrease labetalol effects by inducing microsomal
enzymes
Pregnancy B - Usually safe but benefits must outweigh the risks.
Precautions
Drug Name
Adult Dose
Caution in impaired hepatic function; discontinue therapy if signs of
liver dysfunction are present
Propranolol (Inderal) -- Has membrane-stabilizing activity and
decreases automaticity of contractions.
Not suitable for emergency treatment of hypertension. Do not
administer IV in hypertensive emergencies.
40-80 mg PO bid initially; increase to 160-320 mg/d (some patients
require up to 640 mg/d)
Pediatric Dose 0.5-1 mg/kg/dose PO q8h; not to exceed 10 mg/kg/d