Anemia of Prematurity - Portal Neonatal

Drug Name
Albumin 5% (Albumisol, Buminate) -- Useful for plasma volume
expansion and maintenance of cardiac output.
Pediatric Dose 10-20 mL/kg IV; not to exceed 6 g/kg/d (120 mL/kg/d)
Contraindications
Interactions None reported
Documented hypersensitivity; pulmonary edema; protein load of 5%
albumin
Pregnancy C - Safety for use during pregnancy has not been established.
Precautions
Drug Name
Pediatric Dose 10-20 mL/kg IV
Contraindications
Interactions None reported
While theoretically attractive, no proven benefit of colloid resuscitation
over isotonic crystalloids exists
Lactated Ringer (lactated Ringer with isotonic sodium chloride
solution) -- Both fluids are essentially isotonic and have equivalent
volume restorative properties. Although some differences between
metabolic changes are observed with administration of large
quantities of either fluid, for practical purposes and in most situations,
differences are clinically irrelevant. Importantly, no demonstrable
difference exists in hemodynamic effect, morbidity, or mortality exists
with resuscitation using either one.
Pulmonary edema (added fluid promotes more edema and may lead
to the development of ARDS)
Pregnancy C - Safety for use during pregnancy has not been established.
Precautions
Major complication of isotonic fluid resuscitation is interstitial edema;
edema of extremities is unsightly but is not a significant complication;
edema in the brain or lungs is potentially fatal; fluids should be
stopped when desired hemodynamic response is observed or
pulmonary edema develops
Drug Category: Antimicrobials -- In early-onset neonatal sepsis, ampicillin and either gentamicin
or cefotaxime are the antimicrobials of choice, until a specific infectious agent is identified.
Drug Name
Adult Dose 1-2 g IV q4-6h
Ampicillin (Principen, Omnipen) -- Bactericidal activity against
susceptible organisms.
Pediatric Dose 50-100 mg/kg IV/IM q6-8h
Contraindications Documented hypersensitivity
Interactions
Probenecid and disulfiram elevate levels; allopurinol decreases
effects and has additive effects on ampicillin rash; may decrease
effects of PO contraceptives
Pregnancy B - Usually safe but benefits must outweigh the risks.
Precautions
Drug Name
Adult Dose 1-2 g IV/IM q4h
Adjust dose in renal failure; evaluate rash and differentiate from
hypersensitivity reaction
Cefotaxime (Claforan) -- It is a third-generation cephalosporin. It
possesses antimicrobial effect on a predominantly gram-negative
spectrum. It has a lower efficacy against gram-positive organisms.
Pediatric Dose 150 mg/kg/d IV divided q8h
Contraindications Documented hypersensitivity
Interactions Probenecid may increase cefotaxime levels; coadministration with