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160 Cancer and tumor pain 21. Caraceni A, Zecca E, Bonezzi C, et al. Gabapentin for neuropathic cancer pain: a randomized controlled trial from the Gabapentin Cancer Pain Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22(14):2909–2917. 22. Wiffen PJ, McQuay HJ, Edwards JE, et al. Gabapentin for acute and chronic pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005(3):CD005452. 23. Bruera E, Ripamonti C, Brenneis C, et al. A randomized double-blind crossover trial of intravenous lidocaine in the treatment of neuropathic cancer pain. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1992;7(3):138–140. 24. Ellemann K, Sjogren P, Banning AM, et al. Trial of intravenous lidocaine on painful neuropathy in cancer patients. Clin J Pain. 1989;5(4):291–294. 25. Yajnik S, Singh GP, Singh G, et al. Phenytoin as a coanalgesic in cancer pain. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1992;7(4):209–213. 26. Khojainova N, Santiago-Palma J, Kornick C, et al. Olanzapine in the management of cancer pain. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002;23(4): 346–350. 27. Patt RB, Proper G, Reddy S. The neuroleptics as adjuvant analgesics. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1994;9(7):446–453. 28. Jackson K, Ashby M, Martin P, et al. “Burst” ketamine for refractory cancer pain: an open-label audit of 39 patients. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2001;22 (4):834–842. 29. Kannan TR, Saxena A, Bhatnagar S, et al. Oral ketamine as an adjuvant to oral morphine for neuropathic pain in cancer patients. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002;23(1):60–65. 30. Mercadante S, Arcuri E, Tirelli W, et al. Analgesic effect of intravenous ketamine in cancer patients on morphine therapy: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover, double-dose study. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2000;20(4):246–252. 31. Lauretti GR, Lima IC, Reis MP, et al. Oral ketamine and transdermal nitroglycerin as analgesic adjuvants to oral morphine therapy for cancer pain management. Anesthesiology. 1999;90(6):1528–1533. 32. Wong R, Wiffen PJ. Bisphosphonates for the relief of pain secondary to bone metastases. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002(2):CD002068. 33. Roth A, Kolaric K. Analgetic activity of calcitonin in patients with painful osteolytic metastases of breast cancer. Results of a controlled randomized study. Oncology. 1986;43(5):283–287. 34. Martinez-Zapata MJ, Roque M, Alonso-Coello P, et al. Calcitonin for metastatic bone pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006(3):CD003223.
Cancer and tumor pain 161 35. Hindley AC, Hill EB, Leyland MJ, et al. A double-blind controlled trial of salmon calcitonin in pain due to malignancy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1982;9(2):71–74. 36. Bruera E, Roca E, Cedaro L, et al. Action of oral methylprednisolone in terminal cancer patients: a prospective randomized double-blind study. Cancer Treat Rep. 1985;69(7–8):751–754. 37. Feuer DJ, Broadley KE. Corticosteroids for the resolution of malignant bowel obstruction in advanced gynaecological and gastrointestinal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000(2):CD001219. 38. Mystakidou K, Tsilika E, Kalaidopoulou O, et al. Comparison of octreotide administration vs conservative treatment in the management of inoperable bowel obstruction in patients with far advanced cancer: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Anticancer Res. 2002;22(2B):1187–1192.
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Emergency Department Analgesia An E
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Contents List of contributors page
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Tension-type headache 384 Trigemina
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Michel Galinski, MD Attending Physi
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Benjamin A. White, MD Resident, Har
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xiv Foreword code to light up the p
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xvi Foreword The authors of the boo
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Preface A typical shift in the Emer
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Acknowledgments Many thanks to this
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General considerations
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4 Introduction and general approach
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10 Assessment of pain CATHERINE A.
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12 Assessment of pain n Pain assess
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14 Assessment of pain The Face, Leg
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16 Assessment of pain 3. Silka P, R
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18 Assessment of pain 33. Melzack R
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20 Prehospital analgesia and protoc
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22 Prehospital analgesia prehospita
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24 Prehospital analgesia care provi
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26 Prehospital analgesia EMS settin
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28 Prehospital analgesia 18. Kurtz
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30 Prehospital analgesia 48. Helm M
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32 Epidemiologic overview of ED pai
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42 Geriatric analgesia ULA HWANG AN
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44 Geriatric analgesia physiologic
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46 Geriatric analgesia Analgesic ap
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48 Geriatric analgesia The common e
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50 Geriatric analgesia 12. Hohl C,
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52 Chronic pain DAVID CLINE AND STE
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54 Chronic pain care providers, it
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56 Chronic pain the agent’s monoa
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58 Chronic pain be in the ED record
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60 Chronic pain 7. Freynhagen R, Bu
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62 NSAIDs and opioids applicable sa
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64 NSAIDs and opioids We believe th
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66 NSAIDs and opioids well-demonstr
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68 NSAIDs and opioids 5. Navascues
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70 Nonstandard medication delivery
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78 Reflections on ED analgesia of u
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80 Reflections on ED analgesia para
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82 Reflections on ED analgesia chem
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Chief complaints and diagnoses
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88 Abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs
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90 Abdominal aortic aneurysm 19. Le
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92 Aortic dissection Citing sedativ
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94 Arthritis TODD M. LISTWA AND STE
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96 Arthritis NSAIDs may be safer th
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98 Arthritis for patients with high
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100 Arthritis rofecoxib, ordiclofen
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102 Arthritis For breakthrough pain
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104 Arthritis Pediatric: NSAID (e.g
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106 Arthritis 13. Hur C, Chan AT, T
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108 Arthritis 38. Curtis SP, Ko AT,
Page 134 and 135: 110 Arthritis 63. Bliddal H, Tersle
Page 136 and 137: 112 Biliary tract pain A retrospect
Page 138 and 139: 114 Biliary tract pain n Summary an
Page 140 and 141: 116 Biliary tract pain 20. Malesci
Page 142 and 143: 118 Bites and stings - marine enven
Page 144 and 145: 120 Bites and stings - marine jelly
Page 146 and 147: 122 Bites and stings - marine 11. C
Page 148 and 149: 124 Bites and stings - terrestrial
Page 158 and 159: 134 Breast pain COX-2 selective NSA
Page 160 and 161: 136 Breast pain Pregnancy: acetamin
Page 162 and 163: 138 Burns JEREMY ACKERMAN AND ADAM
Page 164 and 165: 140 Burns for moderate-to-severe bu
Page 166 and 167: 142 Burns References 1. Singer AJM,
Page 168 and 169: 144 Burns 30. Patterson DR, Ptacek
Page 170 and 171: 146 Bursitis and periarticular infl
Page 176 and 177: 152 Cancer and tumor pain bony (or
Page 178 and 179: 154 Cancer and tumor pain (20 mg ev
Page 180 and 181: 156 Cancer and tumor pain existing
Page 182 and 183: 158 Cancer and tumor pain n Summary
Page 186 and 187: 162 Cardiac chest pain KALANI OLMST
Page 188 and 189: 164 Cardiac chest pain has traditio
Page 190 and 191: 166 Cardiac chest pain Practice Gui
Page 192 and 193: 168 Chest wall trauma MICHEL GALINS
Page 194 and 195: 170 Chest wall trauma NSAIDs. As is
Page 196 and 197: 172 Chest wall trauma n Summary and
Page 198 and 199: 174 Chest wall trauma 21. Seltzer J
Page 200 and 201: 176 Chronic low-back pain limited t
Page 202 and 203: 178 Chronic low-back pain n Summary
Page 204 and 205: 180 Cluster headache SOHAN PAREKH A
Page 206 and 207: 182 Cluster headache n Summary and
Page 208 and 209: 184 Corneal abrasion LISA CALDER n
Page 210 and 211: 186 Corneal abrasion 6. Patrone G,
Page 212 and 213: 188 Cystitis, urethritis, and prost
Page 218 and 219: 194 Dysmenorrhea to that achieved w
Page 220 and 221: 196 Dysmenorrhea 12. Fine PG. The r
Page 222 and 223: 198 Endometriosis by 50-74% compare
Page 224 and 225: 200 Esophageal spasm KALANI OLMSTED
Page 226 and 227: 202 Esophageal spasm via central mo
Page 228 and 229: 204 Fibromyalgia MICHAEL WALTA AND
Page 230 and 231: 206 Fibromyalgia A multicenter plac
Page 232 and 233: 208 Fibromyalgia n Summary and reco
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210 Fibromyalgia 15. Sayar K, Aksu
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212 Fibromyalgia 41. Russell IJ, Mi
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214 Gastritis and peptic ulcer dise
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226 Gastroesophageal reflux disease
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232 Hemorrhoids and perianal pain B
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234 Hemorrhoids and perianal pain a
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236 Hemorrhoids and perianal pain t
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238 Hemorrhoids and perianal pain C
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240 Hemorrhoids and perianal pain 9
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242 Hemorrhoids and perianal pain 3
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244 Migraine and undifferentiated h
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254 Mucositis and stomatitis KELLY
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256 Mucositis and stomatitis eviden
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258 Mucositis and stomatitis above)
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260 Mucositis and stomatitis 5. Dem
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262 Mucositis and stomatitis 30. Mu
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264 Neck and back pain - mechanical
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266 Neck and back pain - mechanical
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268 Neck and back pain - radicular
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274 Neck and back pain - spinal spo
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276 Neck and back pain - spinal spo
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278 Neuropathy - complex regional p
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280 Neuropathy - diabetic DAVID CLI
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282 Neuropathy - diabetic n Summary
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284 Neuropathy - diabetic 16. Lesse
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286 Neuropathy - HIV related 3600 m
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288 Neuropathy - HIV related 12. Le
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290 Neuropathy - overview OVER-THE-
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292 Neuropathy - overview The TCAs,
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294 Neuropathy - overview Gabapenti
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296 Neuropathy - overview However,
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298 Neuropathy - overview Reference
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300 Neuropathy - overview 27. Wiffe
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302 Neuropathy - phantom limb pain
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304 Neuropathy - phantom limb pain
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306 Ocular inflammation STEPHEN H.
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308 Ocular inflammation Other RCT d
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310 Ocular inflammation Pregnancy:
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312 Ocular inflammation 20. Frucht-
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314 Odontalgia MICHAEL T. SCHULTZ A
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316 Odontalgia 100 mg caffeine and
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318 Odontalgia TOPICAL THERAPY Topi
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320 Odontalgia 4. Cooper SA, Engel
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322 Odontalgia 32. Sveen OB, Yaekel
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324 Orthopedic extremity trauma inf
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326 Orthopedic extremity trauma The
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328 Orthopedic extremity trauma fem
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330 Orthopedic extremity trauma 35.
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332 Osteoporotic vertebral compress
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334 Osteoporotic vertebral compress
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336 Otitis media and externa benefi
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338 Otitis media and externa 5. Var
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340 Pancreatitis (which lacks effec
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342 Pancreatitis 5. Hubbard GP, Wol
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344 Pharyngitis KELLY YOUNG n Agent
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346 Pharyngitis complete pain relie
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348 Pharyngitis 7. Blagden M, Chris
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350 Pharyngitis 31. Shi Y, Gu R, Li
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352 Postdural puncture headache Cas
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354 Post-herpetic neuralgia JEREMY
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356 Post-herpetic neuralgia virtual
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358 Post-herpetic neuralgia 11. Raj
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360 Renal colic scores. 3 The Cochr
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362 Renal colic References 1. O’C
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364 Sialolithiasis n Summary and re
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366 Sickle cell crisis concluded th
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368 Sickle cell crisis One potentia
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370 Sickle cell crisis titrated in
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372 Sickle cell crisis but acute ca
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374 Sickle cell crisis treatment ti
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376 Sickle cell crisis 3. Dunlop RJ
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378 Sickle cell crisis Disease-rela
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380 Temporomandibular disorders NAT
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382 Temporomandibular disorders n S
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384 Tension-type headache SOHAN PAR
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386 Tension-type headache for TH, b
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388 Tension-type headache 18. Lance
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390 Trigeminal neuralgia as the ini
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392 Undifferentiated abdominal pain
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Tables
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Selected nonsteroidal anti-inflamma
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Selected opioids Maintenance pediat
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Other analgesic drugs Lactation Dos
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Other analgesic drugs (cont.) Lacta
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Other analgesic drugs (cont.) Lacta
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