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population; if phenazopyridine is prescribed in pregnancy, early followup<br />

is advised<br />

Pediatric: phenazopyridine 4 mg/kg PO TID (for two or three days only, if<br />

taken with an antibiotic)<br />

Special case:<br />

n chemical or mechanical urethral irritation: Depending on situation, topical<br />

petrolatum jelly may contribute to symptom relief. Phenazopyridine is also<br />

anecdotally useful for noninfectious causes of urinary tract pain.<br />

References<br />

Cystitis, urethritis, and prostatitis 191<br />

1. Anderson VR, Perry CM. Pentosan polysulfate: a review of its use in the relief<br />

of bladder pain or discomfort in interstitial cystitis. Drugs. 2006;66(6):821–835.<br />

2. Aghamir SM, Mohseni MG, Arasteh S. <strong>Int</strong>ravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guerin<br />

for treatment of refractory interstitial cystitis. Urol J. 2007;4(1):18–23.<br />

3. Cruz F, Dinis P. Resiniferatoxin and botulinum toxin type A for treatment<br />

of lower urinary tract symptoms. Neurourol Urodynam. 2007; 26(6 Suppl):<br />

920–927.<br />

4. Bjerklund Johansen TE, Weidner W. Understanding chronic pelvic pain syndrome.<br />

Curr Opin Urol. 2002;12(1):63–67.<br />

5. Forrest JB, Nickel JC, Moldwin RM. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain<br />

syndrome and male interstitial cystitis: enigmas and opportunities. Urology.<br />

2007;69(4 Suppl):60–63.<br />

6. Yang G, Wei Q, Li H, et al. The effect of alpha-adrenergic antagonists in<br />

chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized<br />

controlled trials. J Androl. 2006;27(6):847–852.<br />

7. Hua VN, Schaeffer AJ. Acute and chronic prostatitis. Med Clin North Am.<br />

2004;88(2):483–494.<br />

8. Sasaki K, Smith CP, Chuang YC, et al. Oral gabapentin (neurontin) treatment<br />

of refractory genitourinary tract pain. Tech Urol. 2001;7(1):47–49.<br />

9. van Ophoven A, Hertle L. Long-term results of amitriptyline treatment for<br />

interstitial cystitis. J Urol. 2005;174(5):1837–1840.<br />

10. Flottorp S, Oxman AD, Cooper JG, et al. [Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment<br />

of acute urinary tract problems in women.] Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen.<br />

2000;120(15):1748–1753.

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