FM 3-34.22 - Army Electronic Publications & Forms - U.S. Army

Table H-3. Civil considerations using ASCOPE
Urban Operations
Component Considerations
� Areas defined by political boundaries (districts, municipalities).
� Locations of government centers.
� Social, political, religious, or criminal enclaves.
Areas
� Agricultural and mining regions.
� Trade routes.
� Possible sites for temporary settlement of dislocated civilians or
other civil functions.
� Effects of structure location, function, and capabilities on
operations.
� Traditional HVTs (bridges, communication towers, power plants,
Structures
dams).
� Cultural (protected) sites (churches, mosques, hospitals).
� Military usefulness (jails, warehouses, television and radio stations,
print plants).
� Status of essential services.
Capabilities
� HN resources and services (interpreters, construction material and
services) that can support military operations.
� Nonmilitary groups or institutions within the HN that can influence
the population (labor unions, service organizations, criminal
Organizations
organizations).
� Organizations from outside the AO (UN agencies, U.S. government
agencies, NGOs) that can provide specialized capabilities.
� Attitudes and activities of civil leaders and populations.
� Ethnicity.
People
� Culture.
� Religion.
� Needs and intentions of the people.
� Routine, cyclical, planned, or spontaneous activities that
Events
significantly affect organizations, people, and military operations
(holidays, elections, celebrations, natural or man-made disasters).
Enemy Mission and Mobility, Countermobility, and Survivability Capabilities
H-22. The process of analyzing the enemy mission and engineering capabilities previously discussed as
part of the running estimate remains the same for UO. The major difference that requires added focus is the
impact of civilians. Distinguishing the enemy from noncombatants may be virtually impossible. The enemy
is not concerned with the ROE and is not constrained to minimize collateral damage. Each urban
environment (terrain, society, and infrastructure) presents unique challenges and opportunities.
Engineer Mission Analysis
H-23. Just as in planning for other environments, identifying the essential tasks for M/CM/S is critical to
analyzing the engineer mission in UO. An overall assessment of the engineer requirements will likely
reveal that engineers are required in higher proportions at the lower tactical level in response to the
noncontiguous and decentralized operations inherent within UO. It will also likely be discovered that
general engineering capabilities are necessary in manipulating urban terrain. General engineers will be in
greater demand in UO to improve or restore the infrastructure in supporting force bed-down requirements
and providing the necessary hardening to protect facilities and critical infrastructure.
H-24. Engineer planners must assess the restrictions on engineer capabilities imposed by the ROE and the
presence of noncombatants. Not all engineer systems can be utilized in an urban environment with the
11 February 2009 FM 3-34.22 H-7