FM 3-34.22 - Army Electronic Publications & Forms - U.S. Army

Chapter 6
Security
6-80. The security of the force is provided principally through deception and physical means. In the
defense, the friendly unit deceives the enemy by concealing its strengths and weaknesses. Normally, a
security force positioned between the enemy and the main body secures the main body. The purpose of this
measure is to provide early warning and disrupt or delay the enemy attack. Engineers task-organized with
the RS or the security forces operating under the control of the RS focus on providing situational obstacles
and sensors with the intent of disrupting or delaying the enemy attack and providing early warning.
Disruption
6-81. Commanders use all available means to disrupt enemy forces. They disrupt attackers and isolate
them from mutual support to defeat them in detail. Disruption in the defense is achieved by—
� Defeating or misleading enemy reconnaissance forces.
� Impeding enemy maneuver.
� Disrupting enemy reserves.
� Neutralizing enemy FS.
� Interrupting enemy C2.
� Engaging enemy lead elements and affecting their rate of advance.
6-82. Disruption counters enemy initiative and prevents it from concentrating combat power against a
single part of the defense. The general goal of disruption is to—
� Force the enemy to fight in more than one direction.
� Keep the enemy under direct and indirect fires.
� Prevent enemy penetrations.
6-83. The method a commander chooses to achieve disruption varies with the situation, but the ultimate
goal is to spoil the attacker’s coordination. The ENCOORD and engineer commanders work closely with
BCT and maneuver battalion staffs to ensure that combat engineering (M/CM/S) functions are integrated
into disruption activities, leveraging the capabilities of geospatial engineering to optimize their effects.
Enemy reconnaissance efforts and probing attacks must be defeated without disclosing the defensive
scheme of maneuver. Tactical obstacles are designed and emplaced to disrupt enemy formations and cause
the enemy to move into desired EAs. This prevents the enemy from effectively concentrating mass against
any portion of the defense.
Massed Effects
6-84. In the defense, the commander masses effects to exploit or create an enemy weakness. This is
achieved by designating the main effort with all other efforts and actions supporting and sustaining this
effort. To mass effects during the battle, the maneuver unit may—
� Economize in some areas.
� Retain a reserve.
� Maneuver repeatedly.
� Alter the terrain in the AO.
6-85. Engineers support the massing of effects by employing obstacles, constructing fortifications, and
providing mobility to counterattack or reserve forces. The principal role of the engineer in massing effects
is to ensure that tactical obstacles are integrated with defender fires to disrupt, turn, fix, or block enemy
forces and create effective EAs where the maneuver commander intends to kill the enemy. These efforts,
combined with fortifications (augmentation required) and protective obstacles, enhance the defense. The
defending force must be able to direct its actions at the enemy from a survivable position. (See figure 6-7
for obstacle effects.)
6-18 FM 3-34.22 11 February 2009