Global Burden of Armed Violence - The Geneva Declaration on ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

GLOBAL BURDEN <strong>of</strong> ARMED VIOLENCE iv to make a serious and sustained effort to improving the safety and security <strong>of</strong> people and communities through armed violence prevention and reduction initiatives. Achieving this goal will not be easy, but by working together as governments, local authorities, and civil society partners, we can reduce the global burden <strong>of</strong> armed violence. <strong>The</strong> <strong>Global</strong> <strong>Burden</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armed</strong> <strong>Violence</strong> report provides important signposts that can help decision-makers and researchers move in the right direction. —Micheline Calmy-Rey Head <strong>of</strong> the Swiss Federal Department <strong>of</strong> Foreign Affairs
Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Dimensions <strong>of</strong> armed violence .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Preventing and reducing armed violence ................................................................................................................................................ 6 Chapter One Direct Conflict Death ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 A short history <strong>of</strong> estimates <strong>of</strong> direct conflict deaths ................................................................................................................ 10 Measuring the global burden <strong>of</strong> direct conflict deaths .................................................................................................... 13 <strong>The</strong> risk <strong>of</strong> dying in armed conflict .............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 28 Chapter Two <strong>The</strong> Many Victims <strong>of</strong> War: Indirect Conflict Deaths .................................................. 31 What is excess mortality? .................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Challenges to collecting and using data on indirect deaths ............................................................................................... 34 Methods for quantifying indirect conflict deaths ......................................................................................................................... 36 Direct versus indirect deaths in recent conflicts ........................................................................................................................... 39 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 42 Chapter Three <strong>Armed</strong> <strong>Violence</strong> After War: Categories, Causes, and Consequences .................................................................................................................. 49 Disaggregating post-conflict armed violence ................................................................................................................................... 50 Risk factors facing post-conflict societies ........................................................................................................................................... 58 Conclusion: promoting security after conflict .................................................................................................................................. 63 Chapter Four Lethal Encounters: Non-conflict <strong>Armed</strong> <strong>Violence</strong> ...................................................... 67 Defining and measuring violent deaths ................................................................................................................................................. 68 Estimating global homicide levels ............................................................................................................................................................... 71 Behind the numbers: trends and distribution <strong>of</strong> violent deaths ..................................................................................... 75 <strong>Armed</strong> violence and the criminal justice system ........................................................................................................................... 82 Conclusion: knowledge gaps and policy implications ............................................................................................................. 85 v CO N T E N T S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Page 1 and 2: G L O B A L www.genevadeclaration.o
Page 3 and 4: G L O B A L www.genevadeclaration.o
Page 5: Foreword Armed vio
Page 9 and 10: About the Geneva <
Page 11 and 12: of direct conflict
Page 13 and 14: Executive Summary Armed</st
Page 15 and 16: Figure 1 captures graphically the d
Page 17 and 18: This report also finds that the aft
Page 19 and 20: ��
Page 21 and 22: Chapter One Direct Conflict Death <
Page 23 and 24: approaches that featured cross-nati
Page 25 and 26: us, non-state and intercommunal arm
Page 27 and 28: niques and inclusion requirements (
Page 29 and 30: Figure 1.2 Estimates of</st
Page 31 and 32: North Africa Sudan 7,284 1,098 2,60
Page 33 and 34: Map 1.1 The GBAV c
Page 35 and 36: �� Increasing di
Page 37 and 38: Table 1.4 Estimated direct conflict
Page 39 and 40: Table 1.7 Direct conflict death rat
Page 41 and 42: accounts overwhelmingly for the glo
Page 43 and 44: Chapter Two The Ma
Page 45 and 46: Sexual violence in armed conflict a
Page 47 and 48: continued for six months due to the
Page 49 and 50: Table 2.1 Comparison of</st
Page 51 and 52: of sexual violence
Page 53 and 54: can be explained by the relatively
Page 55 and 56: Box 2.3 A very dark number: direct
Page 57 and 58:
Photo Victims of v
Page 59 and 60:
Table 2.5 Violent death estimates f
Page 61 and 62:
Chapter Three Armed</strong
Page 63 and 64:
ized by a clear victory of<
Page 65 and 66:
On the basis of Ch
Page 67 and 68:
illegal war economies, including th
Page 69 and 70:
standards issued by UNHCR emphasize
Page 71 and 72:
Table 3.4 Risk factors for youth vi
Page 73 and 74:
Map 3.2 The youth
Page 75 and 76:
Given the potential importance <str
Page 77 and 78:
interventions based on identified n
Page 79 and 80:
Chapter Four Lethal Encounters: Non
Page 81 and 82:
violence in Mexico in 2007-08 (BBC,
Page 83 and 84:
comparisons between regions <strong
Page 85 and 86:
tively. The Caribb
Page 87 and 88:
the homicide count is derived. None
Page 89 and 90:
Table 4.1 National-level homicide t
Page 91 and 92:
sistent increases during the time p
Page 93 and 94:
Box 4.3 Sex, age, and armed violenc
Page 95 and 96:
The police are sat
Page 97 and 98:
American countries have similar tre
Page 99 and 100:
evidence on the patterns and distri
Page 101 and 102:
Chapter Five What’s in a Number?
Page 103 and 104:
observe that war has negative effec
Page 105 and 106:
Box 5.1 Accounting for the costs <s
Page 107 and 108:
of conflict and co
Page 109 and 110:
Table 5.2 The soci
Page 111 and 112:
In Uganda, a protracted armed confl
Page 113 and 114:
�� Lost product
Page 115 and 116:
Figure 5.3 Potential gains in life
Page 117 and 118:
playing a role in promoting an end
Page 119 and 120:
16 Specifically, the health and yea
Page 121 and 122:
Chapter Six Armed
Page 123 and 124:
(Myrttinen, 2003, p. 38). T
Page 125 and 126:
NATO Forces and The</strong
Page 127 and 128:
go missing, or are killed. In such
Page 129 and 130:
disaggregated data is still not ava
Page 131 and 132:
Acts of sexual vio
Page 133 and 134:
Dowry-related violence A dowry is t
Page 135 and 136:
sex ratios reported at birth is pre
Page 137 and 138:
Chapter Seven Other Forms o
Page 139 and 140:
will likely emerge. Armed</
Page 141 and 142:
Gangs in Central America Central Am
Page 143 and 144:
��
Page 145 and 146:
The absence <stron
Page 147 and 148:
Table 7.1 Recorded cases of
Page 149 and 150:
Figure 7.2 Kidnap for ransom cases
Page 151 and 152:
armed violence, since, beyond the d
Page 153 and 154:
Bibliography Executive Summary CNP
Page 155 and 156:
Burr, M. 1993. A Working Document:
Page 157 and 158:
Thieren, Michael. 2005. ‘Health I
Page 159 and 160:
——. 2008. Small Arms Survey 200
Page 161 and 162:
Nations-Survey-on-Crime-Trends-and-
Page 163 and 164:
ground Paper. Geneva</stron
Page 165 and 166:
--. 2003. ‘Masculinities and Masc
Page 167 and 168:
ights-and-wrongs-of</strong
Page 169 and 170:
Boxes List of Illu
Page 171 and 172:
Map 4.1 Homicide rates per 100,000
Page 173 and 174:
Figure 2.1 Typology of</str
show all

Global Burden of Armed Violence - The Geneva Declaration on ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?