The Art of the Helicopter John Watkinson - Karatunov.net
The Art of the Helicopter John Watkinson - Karatunov.net
The Art of the Helicopter John Watkinson - Karatunov.net
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tail/main rotor interaction, 173<br />
teetering rotors, 171–2<br />
total failure effects, 189–90<br />
see also Tail function and design<br />
Tandem rotor helicopters, 13, 14, 368–76<br />
Bristol Belvedere, 372<br />
forward flight, 370–1<br />
Piasecki Dogship, 368–9<br />
rotor interference, 371–2<br />
waterborne characteristics, 376<br />
yaw problems, 371<br />
see also Chinook tandem rotor helicopters<br />
TAS (true air speed), 276<br />
Teledyne Continental Motors, 218–19<br />
Tilting heads, 142–3<br />
Tip jets, 247–50<br />
Doblh<strong>of</strong>f tip-burning system, 249<br />
frictional loss problems, 250<br />
Hiller’s powerblades, 249<br />
pressure jet system, 248–9<br />
pulse jet, 248–9<br />
ramjet (athodyd), 247–8<br />
tip jet convertiplane, 356<br />
Tip loss:<br />
main and tail rotors, 173<br />
rotor blades, 77<br />
tail rotors, 173<br />
and <strong>the</strong> vortex ring, 81–4<br />
Tip path axis, 119–21<br />
Transient droop, 198<br />
Translational flight, 88–90<br />
Transmission:<br />
autorotation clutches, 238–9<br />
basic elements, 17<br />
chip detectors, 242<br />
EP (extreme pressure) oil, 240–2<br />
epicyclic and pla<strong>net</strong>ary reduction, 240<br />
gear teeth, 240–1<br />
instrumentation, 244–6<br />
gearbox chip detectors, 245<br />
gearbox temperature, 245<br />
gearbox torque meters, 245–6<br />
multi-engine, 243–4<br />
speed reduction, 239–40<br />
thrust bearings, 242–3<br />
Transport applications, 2<br />
FADEC (Full Authority Digital Engine<br />
Control), 235–7<br />
True air speed (TAS), 276<br />
Turbine engines/installations:<br />
acceleration limitations, 235<br />
advantages, 191–2, 225<br />
Alison free turbine engine, 224–5<br />
altitude performance, 225–6<br />
basic elements, 17, 194–5, 223–6<br />
burner nozzles, 229–30<br />
combustion/combustion chambers, 228–30<br />
contingency ratings, 338–9<br />
duplex burners, 229–30<br />
early usage, 7<br />
flameout problems, 235<br />
free turbine engines, 194, 224–5<br />
fuel for, 18<br />
fuel management, 237–8<br />
fuel/power control, 233–5<br />
instrumentation, 237<br />
limitations, 191<br />
mounting, 194–5<br />
in multiple engine machines, 337–9<br />
oil system, 232–3<br />
overpitching, 198<br />
power control, 223–4, 226<br />
power management, 337–9<br />
power to weight ratio, 225<br />
power turbine inlet temperature (PTIT), 237<br />
power turbines, 230–2<br />
attachment force problems, 231–2<br />
blade temperature control, 230–1<br />
creep problems, 232<br />
range, 333–4<br />
RPM control, 196–8<br />
starting, 226<br />
transient droop, 198<br />
turbine outlet temperature (TOT), 225<br />
see also Compressors, turbine engines; Fuel<br />
systems<br />
Turbine helicopters, disc loading, 76<br />
Turbochargers, aeroDiesels, 216–17<br />
injection pumps, 216<br />
intercoolers, 216–17<br />
Turbochargers, gasoline engines:<br />
basic principles, 211–13<br />
induction pressure control, 214<br />
material stress problems, 213–14<br />
reliability, 214<br />
Turn and slip indicators, gyroscopic, 284–6<br />
Two-stroke uniflow diesel, 217–19<br />
Two’s complement coding, 300–2<br />
UAV (unmanned autonomous vehicle), 9, 377<br />
Uniflow two-stroke diesel, 217–19<br />
Unmanned autonomous vehicle (UAV), 9, 377<br />
Vertical autorotation, 78–81<br />
Vertical speed indicator (VSI), 275<br />
VFR (visible flight rules), 341<br />
Vibration, and sidebands, 45<br />
Vibration control, 106–13<br />
about vibration control, 106–8<br />
active vibration cancellation, 112–13<br />
bifilar pendulum, 110<br />
Index 389