Differential Diagnosis of <strong>Insomnia</strong> 49 REFERENCES 1. Mahowald, M. W., Kader, G., and Schenck, C. H. (1997) Clinical categories of sleep disorders I. Continuum 3(4), 35–65. 2. Katz, D. A. and McHorney, C. A. (1998) Clinical correlates of insomnia in patients with chronic illness. Arch. Intern. Med. 158(10), 1099–1107. 3. Bastien, C. H. and Morin, C. M. (2000) Familial incidence of insomnia. J. Sleep Res. 9(1), 49–54. 4. Hauri, P. and Olmstead, E. (1980) Childhood-onset insomnia. Sleep 3(1), 59–65. 5. Hauri, P. J. (1998) <strong>Insomnia</strong>. Clin. Chest Med. 19(1), 157–168. 6. Attarian, H. (2002) Idiopathic insomnia. In: MedLink Neurology (Gilman, S., Goldstein, G. W., Waxman, S. G., eds.), Arbor Publishing, San Diego, CA, pp. 7. Bonnet, M. H. and Arand, D. L. (1997) Physiological activation in patients with Sleep State Misperception. Psychosom. Med. 59(5), 533–540. 8. Reder, A. T., Mednick, A. S., Brown, P., et al. (1995) Clinical and genetic studies of fatal familial insomnia. Neurology 45(6), 1068–1075. 9. Montagna, P. (1999) [Fatal familial insomnia: clinical, laboratory and pathological features]. Rev. Neurol. 29(11), 1006–1009. 10. Bara-Jimenez, W., Aksu, M., Graham, B., Sato, S., and Hallett, M. (2000) Periodic limb movements in sleep: state-dependent excitability of the spinal flexor reflex. Neurology 54(8), 1609–1616. 11. Ohayon, M. M. and Roth, T. (2002) Prevalence of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder in the general population. J. Psychosom. Res. 53(1), 547–554. 12. Allen, R. P. and Earley, C. J. (2001) Restless legs syndrome: a review of clinical and pathophysiologic features. J. Clin. Neurophysiol. 18(2), 128–147. 13. Sanz-Fuentenebro, F. J., Huidobro, A., and Tejadas-Rivas, A. (1996) Restless legs syndrome and paroxetine. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 94(6), 482–484. 14. Glasauer, F. E. (2001) Restless Legs Syndrome. Spinal Cord 39(3), 125–133. 15. Lee, K. A., Zaffke, M. E. and Baratte-Beebe, K. (2001) Restless legs syndrome and sleep disturbance during pregnancy: the role of folate and iron. J. Womens Health Gend. Based Med. 10(4), 335–341. 16. Silber, M. H. (1997) Restless legs syndrome. Mayo Clin. Proc. 72(3), 261–264. 17. Lichstein, K. L., Riedel, B.W., Lester, K. W., and Aguillard, R. N. (1999) Occult sleep apnea in a recruited sample of older adults with insomnia. J. Consult Clin. Psychol. 67(3), 405–410. 18. Vgontzas, A. N., Kales, A., Bixler, E. O., Manfredi, R. L., and Vela-Bueno, A. (1995) Usefulness of polysomnographic studies in the differential diagnosis of insomnia. Int. J. Neurosci. 82(1–2), 47–60. 19. Zisapel, N. (2001) Circadian rhythm sleep disorders: pathophysiology and potential approaches to management. CNS Drugs 15(4), 311–328. 20. Parkes, J. D., Chen, S. Y., Cleft, S. J., Dahletz, M. J., and Dunn, G. (1998) The clinical diagnosis of the narcoleptic syndrome. J. Sleep Res. 7(1), 41–52. 21. Overeem, S., Mignot, E., vanDijk, J. G., and Lammers, G. J. (2001) Narcolepsy: clinical features, new pathophysiologic insights, and future perspectives. J. Clin. Neurophysiol. 18(2), 78–105. 22. Boeve, B. F., Silber, M. H. and Ferman, T. J. (2002) Current management of sleep disturbances in dementia. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep. 2(2), 169–177. 23. Sutton, D. A., Moldofsky, H. and Badley, E. M. (2001) <strong>Insomnia</strong> and health problems in Canadians. Sleep 24(6), 665–670. 24. Raiha, I., Impivaara, O., Seppala M., Knuts, L. R., and Sourander, L. (1993) Determinants of symptoms suggestive of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the elderly. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 28(11), 1011–1014. 25. Dodge, R., Cline, M. G., and Quan, S. F. (1995) The natural history of insomnia and its relationship to respiratory symptoms. Arch. Intern. Med. 155(16), 1797–800. 26. Owens, J. F. and Matthews, K. A. (1998) Sleep disturbance in healthy middle-aged women. Maturitas 30(1), 41–50.
50 Attarian 27. Polo-Kantola, P., Erkkola, R., Helenius, H., Irjala, K., and Polo, O. (1998) When does estrogen replacement therapy improve sleep quality? Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 178(5), 1002–1009. 28. ASDA. (1997) International classification of sleep disorders: diagnostic and coding manual. American Sleep Disorders Association, Rochester, MN. 29. APA. (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. American Psychiatric Association, Washington DC. 30. Zajecka, J., Amsterdam, J. D., Quitkin, F. M., et al. (1999) Changes in adverse events reported by patients during 6 months of fluoxetine therapy. J. Clin. Psychiatry 60(6), 389–394. 31. Leppik, I. E. (1995) Felbamate. Epilepsia 36(Suppl 2), S66–S72. 32. Sadler, M. (1999) Lamotrigine associated with insomnia. Epilepsia 40(3), 322–325. 33. Pappenheimer, J. R. (1984) Hypoxic insomnia: effects of carbon monoxide and acclimatization. J. Appl. Physiol. 57(6), 1696–1703. 34. Rossini, S. R., Lefevre, B. H., and Medrado-Faria, M. A. (2000) Chronic insomnia in workers poisoned by inorganic mercury: psychological and adaptive aspects. Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. 58(1), 32–38. 35. Sateia, M. J., Doghramji, K., Hauri, P. J., Morin, C. M. (2000) Evaluation of chronic insomnia. An American Academy of Sleep Medicine review. Sleep 23(2), 243–308. 36. Bonnet, M. H. and Arand, D. L. (2000) Activity, arousal, and the MSLT in patients with insomnia. Sleep 23(2), 205–212. 37. Mahowald, M. W. (1996) Diagnostic testing. Sleep disorders. Neurol. Clin. 14(1), 183–200. 38. Sadeh, A., Lavie, P., Soher, A., Tiroash, E., and Epstein, R. (1991) Actigraphic home-monitoring sleep-disturbed and control infants and young children: a new method for pediatric assessment of sleep-wake patterns. Pediatrics 87(4), 494–499. 39. Chesson, A. L., Jr., hartse, K., Anderson, W. M., et al. (1999) Practice parameters for the treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder. An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Report. Standards of Practice Committee of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Sleep 22(7), 961–968. 40. Sun, E. R., Chen, C. A., Ho, G., Eearley, C. J., and Allen, R. P. (1998) Iron and the restless legs syndrome. Sleep 21(4) 371–377. 41. Attarian, H. (2001) Practical Approaches to <strong>Insomnia</strong>. Primary Care Reports 20(7), 171–178.
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Clinical Handbook of Insomnia Edite
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C URRENT CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Daniel
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© 2004 Humana Press Inc. 999 River
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Series Editor’s Introduction The
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x Foreword nervous system hypersomn
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Contents Series Editor’s Introduc
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100 Attarian EPIDEMIOLOGY There are
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102 Attarian CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
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104 Attarian DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP The
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106 Attarian 13. Hauri, P. J. (1998
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108 Plotkin
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110 Plotkin quality of sleep. Ultim
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112 Plotkin of the therapeutic effi
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114 Plotkin months or years. The ef
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116 Plotkin associated somatic disc
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118 Plotkin Table 1 Causes of Secon
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120 Plotkin Table 1 (continued) Lew
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122 Plotkin REFERENCES 1. Foley, D.
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124 Plotkin 48. Marchetti, F., Rome
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126 Plotkin
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128 Karaz Table 1 DSM-IV Diagnoses
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130 Karaz poor. Focusing only on th
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132 Karaz He felt hopeless that his
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134 Karaz Table 4 Diagnostic Criter
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136 Karaz complained of feeling anx
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138 Karaz other physicians avoided
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140 Karaz 17. Attarian, H. P. (2000
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142 Duntley disorders has been conf
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144 Duntley itance. A recent study
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146 Duntley The patient’s primary
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148 Duntley return to sleep. He tos
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150 Duntley Treatment of RLS should
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152 Duntley 34. Cartwright, R. (197
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154 Perlis et al.
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156 Perlis et al. Fig. 1. A schemat
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158 Perlis et al. ditioned arousal
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160 Perlis et al. subjected to empi
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162 Perlis et al. effect), (3) may
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164 Perlis et al. Cognitive Therapy
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166 Perlis et al. Table 2 Cognitive
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168 Perlis et al. Perhaps more impo
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170 Perlis et al. 28. Carskadon, M.
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172 Perlis et al.
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174 Attarian Secondary Insomnias Re
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176 Attarian 50 years of age who sl
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178 Attarian Antidepressants Becaus
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180 Attarian The use of benzodiazep
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182 Attarian to placebo. Zaleplon a
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184 Attarian 3. Wyatt, R. J., Engel
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186 Attarian residual sedation foll
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188 Index Clonidine, 183 CNS arousa
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190 Index Proton pump inhibitors, 1
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Current Clinical Neurology CLINICAL