The Cuneiform inscriptions and the Old Testament; - The Search For ...

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178 TEE CUNEIFORM INSCRIPTIONS AND THE 0. T. form J a h ti d u, written (m §, t, i r) J a - ii - d u (d i) . First of all we meet with the gentile name Ja-u-da-ai "Judaean" in the inscription of Tiglath-Pileser, II Rawl. 67 line 61, in which Ja-u-ha-zi i. e. Joachaz = Ahaz is mentioned as a tributary vassal, as well as in the other inscription III Rawl. 9 . 3 where there is a record ofAz-ri-ja-u Ja-u-da-ai i. e. "Azariah (Uzziah) of Juda." In the same inscription line 4 we read the name of the country itself mat J a- u-di. Sargon, who so often refers to m§,t Bit-Hum rl "land of Omri", only mentions Juda in one passage, viz. in the Nimrlid-inscription (Layard, Inscr. in cuneif. char, plate 33 line 8), in the words : mu-sak-nis mat Ja-u-du sa a-sar-su ru-u-ku "(Sargon) who subdued the land of Juda whose situation (is) a remote one." Juda is mentioned frequently in the records of Sanherib ; first in the 189 Nebbi-Junus inscription at Constantinople line 15, where we read: rap-su na-gu-u mat Ja-u-di Ha-za-ki-a-u sar-su i-mid ap-sa-a-ni i. e. ''the wide district of the land of Juda— its prince Hizkia (Hezekiah) I reduced him to subjec- tion" (Imld root 101/, in Assyrian redigere\ aps§,nu "obe- dient", root tl^DN, y^^jt). Juda is repeatedly named in the annalistic inscription of Sanherib , where Hizkia is several times designated Jahudai "Judaean" (col. II, 72; III, 12). Moreover Asarhaddon mentions as his vassal ]Mi- na-si-i sar ir Ja-u-di ''Manasseh, king of Juda", the same who is called Mi-in-si-1 in the inscription of Asur- banipal (Rassam. fragment line 2).* Comp. note on 2 Kings XXI, 1 ; 2 Chron. XXXIV, 1 1 * See my essay, Zur Kritik der Inschriften Tigl.-Pil.'s II, Berlin 1880 p. 33. The conjecture expressed in the first edition of this work p. 91 that the name of the king "of Juda", which is broken off in the tributary list (Smith's Assurban. 31 c), is that of Mauasseh, would thus .
I EINOS XIV. XV. XVI. 1 79 XV. 33. n^'J^3 Baasha occurs in the form Ba-'-sa also in the monolith-inscription of Salmanassar II as the name of an Ammonite king. See below, the comment on XVI. 29. XVI. 23. "'"ipy Omri, king of Israel. His name appears on the inscriptions in the form H u - u m - r i - i and also H u- um-ri-a (h = V, as in Haziti = HJi;). We first meet with it on the Nimriid-obelisk of the elder Salmanassar, in the small inscriptions which stand separate (Lay. 98 no. II), in the phrase ma-da-tu sa Ja-u-a abal Hu-um-ri-i "tribute of Jehu, the son of Omri". On the same obelisk we find a reference to the kings of Damaskus Hadad-'idri (Hadadezer) and Hazael (see the remarks on chap. XX. 1 and 2 Kings Vlll. 15). Hence there can be no doubt that by Jehu, son of Omri, the Jehu of the Old Testament is meant who succeeded the rulers of the House of Omri. 190 (See further in Assyr.-Babjlon. Keilinschriften, concluding essay pp. 321 foil.). The dynasty of Omri must on the whole have enjoyed a great reputation abroad.* In this way we understand why the Assyrians designated Israel simply as m4t Bit-Humri "land of the house Omri", or more briefly Takt Humri "land Omri" ** (see Rammtnnirar I Rawl. be confirmed. Respecting the change in the designation of Judah, sometimes as mat and sometimes as ir, see Keilinsch. u. Geschichtsf. pp. 94 foil. * See also the Moabite stone line 7. ** Should be thus rendered, and not "land of Omri" or "land of the House of Omri", in the passages that have been cited, since there Humri, Humria has no longer the personal determinative before it. In other words it has altogether become the proper name of the country. Similarly on Tiglath-Pileser H's inscription in HI Rawl. 10 no. 226; but it is different, for example, on Sargon's bull-inscription cited in Botta 36, 19; Oppert 26 &c. Comp. Keilinsch. u. Gesch. p. 366 note. As to the favourite Assyrian mode of designating the member of a dynasty, that is to say, the successor of a celebrated 12*
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THEOLOGICAL TRANSLATION FUN D LIBRA
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MR. HERBERT SPENCER'S WORKS. THE DO
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Digitized by the Internet Archive i
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FROM THE AUTHOR'S PREFACE TO THE SE
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VII and he who is conversant with t
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notes for his class on the Hebrew t
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the Creation-accounts, the Paradise
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