Pratiques urbaines dans les quartiers populaires de la ville ...

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Abstract : In a world context marked by the economic crisis which reflects the deterioration of the socio-spatial conditions and a neoliberal scenario within which the market and its laws rule the urban management, it is important to question the urban production model that the public actors propose for our cities. Those public actors –because of competitive reasons - join the strategy of building a “brand” kind of city, through a strategy of urban development normally based on an expansionist logic and land value. Building a city brand has become a sort of trendy phenomenon in our times, mobilizing for such purpose hordes of advisors, investors and companies. But how many of those brands really correspond to the own identity of the cities and how many of them manage to create a new identity adapted to the needs of the inhabitants? Where do the citizens fit in the discourse or program of their representatives? Boosting the image of a city no shouldn’t start by, first of all, analyzing its own specifics and detecting its potential in order to make it more attractive to its own population? The city of Tunis has significant assets: it´s an ancient city which offers a wide variety of urban places and presents an accumulation of historical traces showing the passage of several civilizations occupying the spot. The urban juxtaposition of the “medina” and the European colonial city in the core of the actual city presents a proof, in an urban scale, of the last cohabitation that the country experienced during the french occupation and has given the city its status as a dual city. Recently, the notion of historical center superimposed on the heritage, and the idea of recovery and protection of the historic core began to impose itself as one of the strategic arguments of the valuation of the specific heritage of Tunis in a national and international scale. This enthusiasm for the heritage potential hides another reality of the current state of the historic cores of the city and more particularly of the European city. Far from the recommended touristic tours, there is another side of the city center: facades at an advanced level of deterioration and the buildings about to fall. Despite some specific initiatives for the rehabilitation from public or private actors and some citizen mobilization, the European city sees its urban texture being deteriorated and getting empty, and the panic of the residents who attend the progress of the real estate lobby on its territory, the destruction of their neighborhoods and their outsourcing. This following text attempts to analyze the different historical events and urban mechanisms occurring from the construction of the colonial city of Tunis and confront them, secondly, to the different political visions and urban decisions taken since the installation of the French protectorate until today, to understand the cause of this progressive decay of the urban texture of the European city and to analyze the socio-territorial consequences of this deterioration. 6
Mots clés : Réhabilitation urbaine, ville post-coloniale, ville duale, quartiers critiques, ville coloniale, droit à la ville, tissu ancien, forme urbaine, identité. Palavras chaves : Reabilitação urbana, cidade post-colonial, cidade, dupla, bairros críticos, cidade colonial, direito a cidade, tecido antigo, identidade. Palabras claves : rehabilitación urbana, ciudad post-coloniale, ciudad dividida, barrios críticos, ciudad colonial, derecho a la ciudad, tejido antiguo, forma urbana, identidad. Keywords : urban rehabilitation, post-colonial cities, divided city, critical quarters, colonial city, right to the city, urban fabric, urban form, identity. 7
Page 1 and 2: Mestrado Erasmus Mundus EURMed - Es
Page 3 and 4: Résumé : Dans un contexte mondial
Page 5: Resumen : En un contexto mundial ma
Page 9 and 10: 4- Conclusions 37 III- LE TISSU EUR
Page 11 and 12: Introduction : Abritant de véritab
Page 13 and 14: problématiques qui peuvent émaner
Page 15 and 16: CHAPITRE I LE TISSU EUROPEEN DES VI
Page 17 and 18: de la ville européenne dans de nom
Page 19 and 20: et de mécanismes de coopération e
Page 21 and 22: CHAPITRE II LA VILLE EUROPEENNE DAN
Page 23 and 24: acine dans l'embryon du faubourg fr
Page 25 and 26: Deux pôles distincts et en compét
Page 27 and 28: ue commerçante : C’est un espace
Page 29 and 30: passés, certains renoncent à l’
Page 31 and 32: et l'architecte-urbaniste Henri Pro
Page 33 and 34: un plan d’extension de la ville.
Page 35 and 36: composante proposée : le plan pré
Page 37 and 38: c) L'étalement urbain et l’émer
Page 39 and 40: III- Le tissu européen dans le dé
Page 41 and 42: Secteur communal Année 1975 Année
Page 43 and 44: ) Un territoire aux inégalités so
Page 45 and 46: territoire concerné. On peut donc
Page 47 and 48: Cette situation devient plus alarma
Page 49 and 50: les pouvoirs publics, le convertiss
Page 51 and 52: - la dépendance de la périphérie
Page 53 and 54: européenne à savoir : La transfor
Page 55 and 56: éorientée, préconisant le lancem
Page 57 and 58:
un manque de temps, d'expérience e
Page 59 and 60:
urbaines, sans aucune proposition q
Page 61 and 62:
droits et expectatives des habitant
Page 63 and 64:
IV- Le quartier Lafayette, illustra
Page 65 and 66:
accaparés des meilleures résidenc
Page 67 and 68:
de perte chez des citadins qui, au
Page 69 and 70:
• Une première série d'opérati
Page 71 and 72:
V- Mise en place d'une politique d'
Page 73 and 74:
spécifique aux programmes de réha
Page 75 and 76:
décentralisation horizontale à tr
Page 77 and 78:
Ministères de la Culture et de l
Page 79 and 80:
• L’exécution des travaux se f
Page 81 and 82:
manque de flexibilité politique et
Page 83 and 84:
fondamentaux pour le développement
Page 85 and 86:
Annexe 2 : Localisation du quartier
Page 87 and 88:
Bibliographie : Livres : AM MAR L.
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