ekonomika saxelmwifo
ekonomika saxelmwifo
ekonomika saxelmwifo
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monetarul politikas qveynis mTavari banki atarebs. saqarTveloSi aseTi banki saqarTvelos<br />
erovnuli bankia. qveynis mTavari bankebi xelisuflebis mier aris daarsebuli<br />
sabanko sistemisa da qveyanaSi fulis raodenobis kontrolis mizniT.<br />
qveynis ekonomikis interesebidan gamomdinare, centraluri banki amcirebs an zrdis<br />
qveyanaSi fulis miwodebas da kreditis xelmisawvdomobas. centraluri bankebis<br />
ZiriTadi roli inflaciis da/an deflaciis Tavidan acileba, fulis miwodebis<br />
gansazRvraa.<br />
monetaruli<br />
politikis<br />
gatareba<br />
erovnuli bankis funqciebi<br />
bankebis<br />
bankiris<br />
funqcia<br />
sabanko<br />
sistemis<br />
regulureba<br />
operaciebi Ria<br />
bazrebze –<br />
obligaciebis<br />
yidva-gayidva<br />
monetaruli politikis gatareba. centraluri banki<br />
mniSvnelovan kontrols axorcielebs <strong>saxelmwifo</strong>Si fulis<br />
miwodebaze, sargeblis ganakveTsa da kreditis xelmisawvdomobaze<br />
(sargeblis ganakveTze). rodesac fulis<br />
miwodebis saSualo done matulobs, izrdeba inflaciis<br />
donec. fulis miwodebis ise daregulireba, rom mkveTri<br />
inflacia an deflacia ar gamoiwvios, centraluri bankis<br />
seriozuli problemaa. centraluri banki uSvebs<br />
erovnul valutas – banknotebsa da monetebs.<br />
operaciebi Ria bazarze. msoflios bevri qveyana Tavisi centraluri bankis saSualebiT<br />
yidulobs da yidis <strong>saxelmwifo</strong> fasian qaRaldebs. radgan fasiani qaRaldebis SeZena<br />
fuliT xdeba, Sesabamisad <strong>ekonomika</strong>Si fulis masa izrdeba an klebulobs. <strong>saxelmwifo</strong>s<br />
mier fasiani qaRaldebis SeZena zrdis fulis masas, gayidva – amcirebs fulis masas <strong>ekonomika</strong>Si.<br />
centraluri bankebisaTvis <strong>saxelmwifo</strong> fasiani qaRaldebiT vaWroba monetaruli<br />
politikis ZiriTi iaraRia.<br />
rogorc bankebis banki. sabanko sistema or safexuriania: centraluri bankebi da<br />
komerciuli bankebi. centraluri bankebi komerciul bankebs sxvadasxva momsaxurebas<br />
sTavazoben. magaliTad, centraluri banki im milionobiT Ceks amuSavebs, romlebic<br />
mTeli qveynis komerciuli bankebis angariSebze aisaxeba. Tanamedrove eleqtronuli<br />
sagadasaxado sistemis saSualebiT im bankebidan, sadac calkeuli pirebis an firmebis<br />
mier Ceki gamoiwera, im bankebSi xdeba gadaricxva, sadac fuli angariSze aisaxa. msgavsi<br />
operaciebis ganxorcieleba maSinac ki SesaZlebelia, roca es bankebi milionobiT kilometriT<br />
aris erTmaneTisagan daSorebuli. centraluri banki komerciul bankebze<br />
gascems kreditebs – asrulebs „bankebis bankis“ funqcias. saprocento ganakveTs,<br />
romelsac centraluri banki aseT kreditebze awesebs, diskonturi norma ewodeba.<br />
diskontis Semcireba zrdis fulis miwodebas.<br />
sabanko sistemis regulireba. centraluri banki aregulirebs qveyanaSi bankebis<br />
saqmianobas da usafrTxo saqmianobis uzrunvelsayofad zedamxedvelobas uwevs maT.<br />
centraluri banki komerciuli bankebisagan fulis garkveuli rezervis Seqmnas<br />
iTxovs. rezervi sabanko anabrebis is nawilia, romlis gasesxebac ar SeiZleba.<br />
rezervebis zrda fulis miwodebas amcirebs, zrdis moTxovnas. xSir SemTxvevaSi<br />
centraluri bankebi damoukidebelia <strong>saxelmwifo</strong>s aRmasrulebeli da sakanonmdeblo<br />
Stoebisagan. qveynis mTavar banks iseTi monetaruli politikis gatarebis ufleba aqvs.<br />
romelic <strong>ekonomika</strong>s Tavidan aacilebs an Seamcirebs inflacias. msgavs politikas centraluri<br />
banki maSinac atarebs, roca misi gadawyvetilebebi politikosebSi an sazogadoebaSi<br />
arapopularulia.<br />
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