m i k r o m i k r o – k v l e v e b i k v l e v e b i k v l e v e b i

93 | P a g emomsaxurebazea ufro maRali moTxovna da rogoria bazris ganviTarebis tendenciabolo 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi.sabanko saqmianobis warmoSobis istoriamsoflio bankis istoriapirveli sabanko urTierTobebi primitiuli formiT XII saukunidan iRebs saTavesitalielTa mier. Tavdapirvelad maT vaWrobiT daiwyes da Semdgomma ganviTarebamiseTi rTuli meqanizmi warmoSva, rogoric aris banki, amasTan, calkeul bankTafilialebis dafuZneba ucxo qveynis teritoriebzec moxda. italiidanmomdinareobs sabanko urTierTobebi da miuxedavad imisa, rom met-naklebadsrulyofili saaqcio sazogadoebebis Camoyalibeba mxolod XVII s-Si moxdaholandiasa da inglisSi, italia mainc mTavar wyarod iTvleba aRniSnulisamarTlebrivi urTierTobebisa. Tumca, politikuri da ekonomikuri azrovnebisSewyma da umniSvnelovanesi finansuri institutis Seqmna, romelic Zlier,centralizebul elements warmoadgenda, ukavSirdeba ingliss, roca 1694 welsSeiqmna inglisis banki. Zlier bankad iTvleboda aseve SvedeTis banki. xolo racSeexeba Tanamedrove, saerTaSoriso donis bankebs, ukve XIX s-Si Camoyalibda.saqarTveloSi Zvelad kreditis gavrcelebuli forma iyo mevaxSeoba. sainteresoa,rom sakredito urTierTobebis kultura monRolTa “oqros urdos” ukavSirdeba,radgan Sua saukuneebSi gaCnda vaWarTa sakredito asociacia, romelsac 1259 wlissigeliT “orTaRi” (monRoluri amxanagoba) ewodeboda. “orTaRi” asrulebdaucxouri fulis adgilobrivze gadaxurdavebas, zarafobas (fulis moWra) daqonebis giravnobiT sesxad gascemda naRd fuls an sxvadasxva saqonels.kapitalizmis genezisis periodSi pirveli saxelmwifo sakredito organizaciaTbilisSi 1810 wels daarsda, rasac sazogadoebrivi mzrunvelobis sagangio“prikazi” iwodeboda. xolo mis moxeleebs “prikazCikebi”. igi uZravi qonebis, qvisSenobis uzrunvelyofiT, sesxad gacemuli fulisaTvis Rebulobda wliur 6%-ssargebels, sesxis sidide dagiravebuli qonebis 50%-s ar aRemateboda. Tu aRebulivali droze ar daifareboda, girao “prikazis” sakuTrebaSi pirdapiri wesiTgadadioda.