kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
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sawarmoSi momuSave indoeli <strong>da</strong> Turqi muSebi, romlebic samuSaoze xelmZRvanelobenTanamedrove <strong>da</strong> industiruli Sromis wesebiT, xolo saxlSi, ojaxur cxovrebaSiixelmZRvaneleben TavianTi tradiciebiTa <strong>da</strong> wes-CveulebebiT.kolonizacia. pirvelmosulebi <strong>da</strong>iwyeben yvelanair propagan<strong>da</strong>s, TavsmoxvevascxovrebaSi Tavisi sakuTari yofaqcevis modelebis, <strong>da</strong>upirispiron isini imas, ractradiciuli kulturisaTvis aris <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli, romelSic isini aRmoCndenen. esxdeba rogorc saomari, aseve mSvidobiani <strong>da</strong>pyrobis dros, aseve modernizaciisprocesSi. termin `kolonizacias~ am SemTxvevaSi ara aqvs SefasebiTi mniSvneloba, esfaseulobiTi TvalsazrisiT neitraluri cnebaa. saqme exeba kulturulkoloniozacias; politikuri kolonizacia kulturuli kolonizaciis mxolod kerZo,Tavisi SedegbiT arc ise radikaluri SemTxvevaa.kulturuli Soki, farTo azriT, rogorc filosofiur-kulturuli an filosofiur-istoriulikategoria, kulturis Sesaxeb mecnierebaTa CamoyalibebisaTvisTiTqmis ga<strong>da</strong>mwyveti kategoria aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>. XII-XVII ss. mogzaurTa gadmocemebma,romlebic aRwerdnen axali qveynebisa <strong>da</strong> xalxebis usasrulo raodenobas, evropaSikulturuli Soki gamoiwvia, rac safuZvlad <strong>da</strong>edo kulturis fenomenis rogorcSeswavlis obieqtis Camoyalibebas. am kulturulma Sokma evropelTa gonebaSiga<strong>da</strong>trialeba moaxdina, romelsac SeiZleba anTropologiuri revolucia vuwodoT.misi arsi isaa, rom Seirya evropelTa warmodgena sakuTar gansakuTrebulobaze;aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>, rom kacobrioba Sedgeba mravali kulturisagan. Tuki kopernikiseulmarevoluciam mospo samyaros centris yofnis iluzia, anTropologiurma revoluciammospo evropis iluzia ekumenis centrSi yofnisa.mTlianad kulturuli Soki TamaSobs <strong>kultura</strong>Si <strong>da</strong>debiT rols, viani<strong>da</strong>n xelsuwyobs <strong>kultura</strong>Ta urTierTqmedebasa <strong>da</strong> urTierTgamdidrebs, tradicul <strong>kultura</strong>Sisxva kulturul elementTa integracias, <strong>kultura</strong>Ta Riaobis zr<strong>da</strong>s.asimilaciaprocesi, romlis Sedegad erTi eTnikuri jgufis wevrebi kargaven TavianTTav<strong>da</strong>pirvel <strong>kultura</strong>s <strong>da</strong> iTviseben im eTnikuri jgufis <strong>kultura</strong>s, romelTanacuSuali kontaqti aqvT. es procesi SeiZleba spontanurad mimdinareobdes _ aseTSemTxvevaSi igi SeiZleba ganixilebodes a<strong>kultura</strong>ciis erT-erT tipad, a<strong>kultura</strong>ciisprocesis Sedegad.cneba `asimilacia~ XIX s-is bolo<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>mkvidr<strong>da</strong> amerikul <strong>kultura</strong>nTropologiaSi,Tav<strong>da</strong>pirvelad — termin `amerikanizaciis~ sinonimuri mniSvnelobiT. misipirveli gansazRverba r.parksa <strong>da</strong> e.berjess ekuTvniT: `asimilacia urTierTSeRwevisa<strong>da</strong> Serevis procesia, romlis ganmavlobaSi individebi an jgufebi iZenen sxvaindividebis istoriul mexsierebas <strong>da</strong> iziareben ra maT gamocdilebas, CarTuliaRmoCndebian saerTo kulturul cxovrebaSi~. XX s-is Sua wlebamde es terminigamoiyenebo<strong>da</strong> aSS TeTrkaniani mosaxleobis dominirebad <strong>kultura</strong>Si indielTatomebis inkorporaciis mniSvnelobiT. amerikuli sazogadoeba ganixilebo<strong>da</strong>uzarmazar `SemoqmedebiT laboratoriad~, sa<strong>da</strong>c sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva kulturuli tradiciaerTmaneTs ereva <strong>da</strong> `ga<strong>da</strong>idnoba~ sinTezur mTlianobad. XX s-is meore naxevarSi j. vander zandenma ganasxvava calmxrivi asimilacia, roca umciresobis <strong>kultura</strong> mTlianadgamoidevneba dominirebadi kulturis mier, <strong>da</strong> <strong>kultura</strong>Ta Sereva, romlis drosac<strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebuli <strong>da</strong> gabatonebuli jgufebis elementebi erTmaneTs ereva, qmnismdgrad kombinaciebs <strong>da</strong> safuZvels uyris axal <strong>kultura</strong>s.m.gordonma <strong>da</strong>amkvidra asimilaciis xarisxobrivi ganxilvis tradicia. dResmiCneulia, rom sruli asimilaciis SemTxvevebi Zalian iSviaTia; Cveulebriv, adgili10
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