aRiarebas iRebs `miRwevis~ kriteriumi moRvaweobis axal, upirveles yovlisa,sameurneo, finansur <strong>da</strong> saqmian sferoSi.politikis sferoSi _ centralizebuli nacionaluri saxelmwifoebis Camoyalibeba,romlis farglebSi yalibdeba sakuTari interesebisaTvis mebrZoli sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvagvarisocialur-politikuri moZraobebi, elitebi <strong>da</strong> jgufebi; dinastiurireJimebis legitimurobis tradiciuli <strong>for</strong>mebis Sesusteba <strong>da</strong> demokratiis zogierTielementis Semotana; cvlileba centrsa <strong>da</strong> periferias Soris urTiermimarTebaSi, racgamoixateba imiT, rom periferiisaTvis xelmisawvdomi xdeba xelisufleba centrSi.kulturul sferoSi _ RirebulebiTi orientaciebis diferenciacia, sazogadoebrivicodnisa <strong>da</strong> ganaTlebis sekularizacia <strong>da</strong> pluralizacia, ideologiurimimarTulebebis mravalferovneba, masmediis ganviTareba. upiratesoba eniWeba <strong>da</strong>aRiarebuli xdeba qcevis sul ufro meti individualizacia <strong>da</strong> pirovnebis TviTgamorkveva.sulier sferoSi mniSvnelovani cvlilebad miiCneva sekularizmis gavrcelebarisi safuZvelic aris meurneobisa <strong>da</strong> politikis avtonomiurobis zr<strong>da</strong>,moRvaweobis praqtikuli <strong>da</strong> racionaluri <strong>for</strong>mebis gafarToeba, sa<strong>da</strong>c ganmsazRvrelikriteriumebi ara moraluri, sulieri an estTetikuri mosazrebebia, aramedefeqturoba <strong>da</strong> praqtikuli sargebeli. am cvlilebebis (romelTa xarisxis gansazRvraempiriula<strong>da</strong>c aris SesaZlebeli) arsebiTi parametrebi mosaxleobis mobilurobis,socialur <strong>da</strong> politikur marTvaSi misi monawileobis <strong>da</strong>, aseve sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva socialurjgufis Tanamedrove <strong>kultura</strong>Si CarTulobis xarisxia. <strong>modernizacia</strong> moicavsmosaxleobis sul ufro farTo fenebs, aTavisuflebs ra maT yofisa <strong>da</strong> warmoebisuZravi <strong>for</strong>mebisagan. magram modernizaciis procesis struqturaSi yovelTvis xdebamewarmeTa fenis gaZliereba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>qiravebuli Sromis gamoyenebis zr<strong>da</strong>.instituciuri TvalsazrisiT _ <strong>modernizacia</strong> gamoixateba institutebisdiferenciaciis zr<strong>da</strong>Si, romlebic sakuTar Tavze iReben moRvaweobis axali <strong>for</strong>mebisregulacias. cxovrebis yvela sfero, religiuris CaTvliT, ufro mravalferovanixdeba.socialuri TvalsazrisiT, modernizaciis mamoZravebli Zala, umeteswilad, isaqtiuri fenebia, romlebsac Sualeduri pozicia ukaviaT adre arsebul ZiriTadsocialur fenebTan mimarTebaSi.xSirad modernizaciis iniciatorebad gamodian ucxo kulturuli elementebi, sxvakonfesiuri Tu eTnikuri jgufis warmomadgenlebi. maT axasiaTebT gazrdilimobiluroba <strong>da</strong> aqtiuroba savaWro-sawarmoo sferoSi.amgvarad, modernistuli sazogadoebis ZiriTadi niSnebia:industrializacia, urbanizaciis maRali xarisxi, mecnierul-teqnikuri progresi,Tavisufali sabazro warmoeba, konstitucionalizmi, liberaluri demokratia,individualizmi, sekularizmi, racionaluri azrovneba.modernizaciis winaaRmdegobrivi Sedegebimodernizaciis Teoriis kritikis Sedegad, gamovlin<strong>da</strong> is mravalferovani winaaRmdegobriviSedegebi, romlebic Tan sdeven sazogadoebis modernizaciis process. eswinaaRmdegobani yvela SemTxvevaSi iCens Tavs, Tumca gansxvavebuli xarisxiT.1. ~tradiciisa~ <strong>da</strong> `Tanamedroveobis~ Sejaxeba, rac iwvevs gaxleCas socialurobistipebsa <strong>da</strong> kulturul sferoebs Soris, aseve aviwroebs adre arsebuli kulturismoqmedebis sferosa <strong>da</strong> moRvaweobis axal sferoebSi misi statusis <strong>da</strong>mcrobasganapirobebs. axal pirobebSi xdeba askriptiul kavSirebze <strong>da</strong>myarebuli socialurobisadrindeli principebisa <strong>da</strong> im Tanamedrove orientaciebis <strong>da</strong>pirispireba,romlebic mimarTulia warmatebebze komerciuli saqmianobaSi, profesionalizmsa<strong>da</strong> praqtikul codnaSi <strong>da</strong> a.S. urTierToba <strong>da</strong> urTierTqmedebis sistema, romlebic12
axasiaTebs komunitarul struqturebs <strong>da</strong> romlebic ga<strong>for</strong>mebulia sakralizebulinormebiT, moraluri orientaciebiTa simbolikiT, kargaven adrindel mniSvnelobas<strong>da</strong> ejaxebian imperativebs, romlebsac sabazro kavSirebis funqcionaluri samyarokarnaxobs. askriptiuli socialurobis adrindeli totaluri sistemebi, romelSicTiToeul individs Tavisi gansazRvruli adgili hqon<strong>da</strong> mikuTvnebuli, kargavenadrindel mniSvnelobas, ixliCebian sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva nawilebad, amasTan mzardimniSvneloba eniWeba axal, funqciur <strong>da</strong> miRweviT kriteriumebze <strong>da</strong>myrebulsistemebs. un<strong>da</strong> iTqvas, rom miRweviTi orientaciebi met-naklebad arsebobsnebismier `tradiciul~ garemoSi, magram iq isini askriptiul sazogadoebisaTvis<strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebel ierarqiul sistemaSi iyo CarTuli. axal pirobebSi miRweviTorientaciebma, SesaZloa, xeli Seuwyos rogorc urTierTobaTa individualizacias,aseve sazogadoebis <strong>da</strong>nawevrebas sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva jgufebad <strong>da</strong> erTobebad.modernizaciis Teoriebi<strong>da</strong>savluri <strong>kultura</strong>Si modernizaciis safuZvlebis Camoyalibebis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvagvariaxsna arsebobs. veberiseuli xedva upiratesobas im faseulobaTa xasiaTSi xe<strong>da</strong>vs,romelic materialuri sikeTis <strong>da</strong>grovebasa <strong>da</strong> gafarTebazea orientirebuli. meoremimarTuleba upiratesobas socialur-politikur struqturas (upirveles yovlisa,sofelTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT qalaqis siWarbes) aniWeb<strong>da</strong> (f.brodeli, igive m.veberi). mesamemimarTuleba gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas Zalauflebis ganawilebis principsa <strong>da</strong> amprincipis institutebSi gamyarebas aniWeb<strong>da</strong> (S. eizenStadti).saukunenaxevris manZilze modernizaciis Teoriis mTavari <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli niSaniiyo Sexeduleba msoflio istoriis Tanamedrove etapeze TiToeuli sazogadoebissworxazovani ganviTarebis Sesaxeb. es miuTiTeb<strong>da</strong> yoveli sazogadoebis im sistemaSiSesvlis aucileblobaze, romelic <strong>da</strong>savleT evropasa <strong>da</strong> aSS-Si Camoyalib<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>,Sesabamisad, maT `centralur~ civilizaciasTan `mierTebaze~. zustad es iyo progresis,rogorc procesisa <strong>da</strong> miznis arsi. socialuri regulaciis yvela adrindelivarianti, miRwevebi <strong>da</strong> Rirebulebebi ga<strong>da</strong>isinja <strong>da</strong>savleTis mier SeqmniliTanamoedroveobaSi Sesasvlelad. amitom yvela ara<strong>da</strong>savluri <strong>kultura</strong>, upirvelesyovlisa, axal realobaSi SesvlisaTvis vargisianobis TvalsazrisiT ganixilebo<strong>da</strong>.yvela saxis istoriuli <strong>da</strong> adgilobrivi <strong>da</strong> istoriuli Tavisebureba ganixilebo<strong>da</strong>mxolod rogorc sawyisi fazis specifika, romelic swraf trans<strong>for</strong>maciasa <strong>da</strong>gaqrobas eqvemdebarebo<strong>da</strong>. XIX saukunisa <strong>da</strong> XX saukunis garkveuli periodis manZilzeganviTarebis Taviseburebis problematika faqtobrivad im mkvlevarTa yuradRebismiRma <strong>da</strong>rCa, romlebic ara<strong>da</strong>savluri qveynebis ganviTarebis gzebsa <strong>da</strong> SesaZleblobebzesaubrobdnen. metic, Tu adre aqcenti keTdebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>savlurisazogadoebisa <strong>da</strong> misi ganviTarebis specifikaze, SemdgomSi <strong>da</strong>mkvidr<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>savlurimodelis universalurobis idea mTeli msofliosaTvis.70-iani wlebis <strong>da</strong>sawyisamde modernizaciis Teoria `vesternizaciis~ koncefciisbazaze viTardebo<strong>da</strong>, romelic <strong>da</strong>savluri liberalizmis universalobas amtkiceb<strong>da</strong>.vesternizaciis Teoriis mimdevrebi amtkicebdnen, rom gaTanamedrovebis procesirogorc istoriulad, ise logikurad gulisxmobs, pirvel rigSi, meurneobiswarmarTvis kapitalisturi meTodis miRebas, aseve <strong>da</strong>savleTis, rogorc `msofliocivilizaciis~ eqspansia. problema mxolod `sastarto pirobebisa~ <strong>da</strong> `winaaRmdegobebis~gamovlenaSi, aseve sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva sazogadoebaTa universaluri xasiaTis mqonemodernizaciis indeqsis mixedviT SefasebaSi mdgomareob<strong>da</strong>.koloniuri sistemis <strong>da</strong>Slasa <strong>da</strong> suverenuli saxelmwifoebis Camoyalibebas, rasacTan sdev<strong>da</strong> kulturuli TviTmyofadobis ideologiuri mtkiceba, ar gamouwveviasworxazovani koncefciis ga<strong>da</strong>xedva. dekolonizaciis procesi <strong>da</strong>savlur istoriografiaSiganixilebo<strong>da</strong>, rogorc <strong>da</strong>savluri ekonomikuri, socialuri, politikuri13
- Page 1 and 2: socialur mecnierebaTa seriakulturad
- Page 3 and 4: sarCeviTema I. ZiriTadi cnebebi da
- Page 5 and 6: maSasadame, farTo azriT, kulturis c
- Page 7 and 8: tradiciatradicia _ wina Taobebidan
- Page 9 and 10: gansakuTrebuli forma, romelic ar gu
- Page 11: aqvs umciresobis kulturis ama Tu im
- Page 15 and 16: asakobrivi rolebis Tanamedroveobisa
- Page 17 and 18: ogorc tradiciuli sazogadoebis dasas
- Page 19 and 20: akulturuli Teoriebi midrekilni aria
- Page 21 and 22: Tema III. kulturaTa tipologia moder
- Page 23 and 24: ac Seexeba saqarTvelos, Zalze gavrc
- Page 25 and 26: SeiZleba migviyvanos aRmosavleT-das
- Page 27 and 28: koleqtivis urTierTmimarTebiT; damok
- Page 29 and 30: tipologizeba diqotomiuri sqemebis m
- Page 31 and 32: aucileblobaze 1 . e.saidma saWirod
- Page 33 and 34: islamistebis gaaqtiureba, romlebic
- Page 35 and 36: momakvdinebeli aRmoCndes... islami
- Page 37 and 38: warmoSobis evropuli mwerloba, romli
- Page 39 and 40: Tanamedrove ganzomilebani scildeba
- Page 41 and 42: warmoudgenelia tradiciul samyaroSi.
- Page 43 and 44: centralizebuli biourokratiuli imper
- Page 45 and 46: civilizacia perspeqtivis saqmea, an
- Page 47 and 48: kulturis gaCenis STambeWdavi magali
- Page 49 and 50: inglisuris monaTesave, magram sxva
- Page 51 and 52: imis mixedviT, Tu rogor iTxovs amas
- Page 53 and 54: Tavidan acileba, maS, rodis SeZlebs
- Page 55 and 56: meore saintereso mosazrebaa istorii
- Page 57 and 58: gavaanalizoT procesis arsi, SeZlebi
- Page 59 and 60: saSualebas _ internets _ da saZiebe
- Page 61 and 62: melvil herskovicis xelmZRvanelobiT,
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momdinareobs Sveicariuli qalaqis sa
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nawilisgan mkacri pasuxi miiRes _ T
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axdens imaze, Tu rogor ukavSirdeba
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aseve mecnierebis ganviTarebaSic. c
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egionalizaciis process sWirdeba meT
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imgvarad dasma, rom saqarTvelo auci
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doniT, rac aisaxeba sazogadoebis Ti
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naklebobas; aqvT eleqtroenergiis pr
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araTu SenarCunebas, aramed gavrcele
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ogorc Cans, globalizacia al-qadrisa
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sazogadoebaa, kulturuli niSniT erTi
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mis Tavidan acilebas, ubrundeba sak
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gaTavisebuli, raTa misgan iswavlo(n
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dasavleTis warumatebeli mcdelobebis
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elementze dayrdnobiT. es imas niSna
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im determinantTagan, romlebze dayrd
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gamovlinebas xedavs XVII-XVIII ss.
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iyo viTarebas, roca `qveynis umniSv
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nurobis koleqtivizmTan gaigivebis u
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unebrivia, rom qristianuli samyaros
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niSniT iyo aRbeWdili: `Cveni qveyan
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iCens Tavs postindustriuli ganviTar
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meti adamianis danaklisi arcTu mcir
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mosaxleobis Semcireba, pirvel rigSi
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CULTURE AND MODERNIZATIONSummaryIva
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TOPIC 3. TYPOLOGY OF CULTURES ON A
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consider that modern stage of devel
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1. Multiculturalizm;2. Pluralizm;3.
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supranational structures. Democracy
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