kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
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XX saukunis manZilze iyo mcdelobebi _ SeeerTebinaT `<strong>da</strong>savluri teqnika <strong>da</strong>aRmosavluri morali~, `muSaoba <strong>da</strong> locva~, mecniereba <strong>da</strong> a<strong>da</strong>mianuri faseulobani,racionalizmi <strong>da</strong> humanizmi. mwvave problemam — SesaZlebelia Tu ara sxva civilizaciamaiTvisos <strong>da</strong>savluri teqnologia <strong>da</strong> moaxerxos misi trans<strong>for</strong>mireba sakuTarRirebulebaTa Sesabamisad — cnobil amerikel mkvlevar m.melkosTan Semdegiinterpretacia SeiZina: `Tu CineTma SesZlo induri budizmis trans<strong>for</strong>mireba ise, romigi ufro <strong>da</strong>osizms <strong>da</strong>emsgavsa, ratom ar SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom XXI saukuneSi igimoaxerxebs <strong>da</strong>savluri teqnologiebisa <strong>da</strong> politikuri ideebis trans<strong>for</strong>mirebas ise,rom isini Cinur <strong>kultura</strong>s Seesatyvisebodnen?~ 1mkvlevarTa nawili saubrobs `ekleqtikuri msoflios~ Camoyalibebis Sesaxeb,romelic moicavs <strong>da</strong>savlur <strong>da</strong> ara<strong>da</strong>savlur civilizaciebs <strong>da</strong> romlis<strong>da</strong>saxasiaTeblad xSirad mimarTaven `msxvilad <strong>da</strong>Wrili salaTis~ an `nakuwebisaganSekerili sabnis~ meta<strong>for</strong>as. es meta<strong>for</strong>ebi Caenacvla `sadnobi Rumelis~ saxeliTcnobil Teoriul winamorbeds, romliTac aRiniSnebo<strong>da</strong> amerikuli kulturis xasiaTi,Camoyalibebuli sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva kulturuli tradiciis ga<strong>da</strong>muSavebisa <strong>da</strong>urTierTSerwymis Sedegad. axali saxeliT monaTluli fenomeni ki gulisxmobs aramTlian, erTian <strong>kultura</strong>s, aramed eTnikur kulturul elementTa narevs.`ekleqtikuri msoflios~ liderad jer kidev rCeba <strong>da</strong>savleTi, magram aziurwynarokeanuriregioni zustad reagirebs civilizacia-lideris nebismierwarumateblobaze <strong>da</strong> cdilobs mis gamoyenebas Tavis sasargeblod. swored igi SeiZlebamogvevlinos liberaluri <strong>da</strong>savleTis principebis mTavar metoqed 2 .meore nawili ar iziarebs amgvar xedvas. magaliTad, a.dirliki miiCnevs, rom aziurwynarokeanuriregioni warmoadgens geoekonomikur sistemas, romlis saTaveebTanidgnen aRmosavleT aziaSi SeWrili evropelebi <strong>da</strong> amerikelebi. misive azriT, dRes amsistemis farglebSi mimdinare procesebi <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia ukve aRmosavleT azielebismier iniciativis xelSi aRebasTan, rasac mosdevs `kvazikonfuciuri menejerulikapitalizmis~ mier aSS <strong>da</strong> kana<strong>da</strong>Si sakuTari niSebis Seqmna. amis Sedegad civilizacialiderikargavs sakuTari sistemis funqcionirebis mniSvnelovan rgolebze kontrols,romelic <strong>da</strong>savleTis samyaroSi CarTul ucxo kulturul erTobaTa warmomadgenlebisxelSi ga<strong>da</strong>dis 3 .amasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, yuradRebas iqcevs kidev erTi garemoeba: Tu XIX saukunesa <strong>da</strong>XX s-is pirvel naxevarSi ara<strong>da</strong>savluri warmomavlobis imigrantebi, xvdebodnen ra<strong>da</strong>savluri kulturis `sadnob RumelSi~, iRebdnen <strong>da</strong> iTvisebdnen samoqalaqosazogadoebis <strong>kultura</strong>s, axla isini arc cdiloben Camoyalibebul socialur garemoSia<strong>da</strong>ptirebas, aramed qmnian diasporebs, tradiciul Rirebulebebze <strong>da</strong>fuZnebul, metnaklebad<strong>da</strong>xSul lokalur erTobebs, romlebic cxovroben pirvel rigSi sakuTari <strong>da</strong>mxolod Semdeg _ maspinZeli qveynis normebis Sesabamisad. amasTan, isini, rogorc wesi,iReben <strong>da</strong>savleTis qveSevrdomobas <strong>da</strong> gar<strong>da</strong>qmnian (cvlian) <strong>da</strong>savleTis qveynebissocialur garemos 4 .CineTisa <strong>da</strong>, saerTod, aRmosavleT aziis gar<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong>savleTis civilizaciuroponentad xSirad ganixilaven muslimur samyaros. xSirad saubroben bipolarizmisaxali <strong>for</strong>mis — <strong>da</strong>savleTisa <strong>da</strong> islamis samyaros <strong>da</strong>pirispirebis Sesaxeb. <strong>da</strong>savleTisgamowvevis pasuxad muslimuri samyaros gamococxlebis erT-erT <strong>for</strong>mad gvevlineba1 Melko M. World Systems Theory: Faustian Delusion. – Comparative Civilizations Review, 1994, 30, p.11-12.2 Цымбурский В. Сколько цивилизаций? (С Ламанским, Шпенглером и Тойнби над глобусом ХХ1 века. – В журн.: т.5, № 3(Россия и ее южные соседи). М.., 2001, с.186.3 Цымбурский В. Сколько цивилизаций? ..., с.186.4Иноземцев В.Л., Кузнецова Е.С. Глобальный конфликт XXI в. Размышления об истоках и перспективахмежцивилизационных противоречий. – В журн.: Политические исследования. М., 2001, № 6, с.137.32
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