korporaciisadmi misi mikuTvnebis Sedegad <strong>da</strong>, umravles SemTxvevaSi, igi mkacrad arismimagrebuli ama Tu im socialur jgufTan.inovaciuri kulturebis qveS, romelsac `modernistuls~ <strong>da</strong> `teqnogenursac~uwodeben, gulisxmoben sazogadoebebs, romelTaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia mecnierulteqnikuriprogresi, Tavisufali sabazro warmoeba, konstituciuri saparlamento<strong>da</strong>wesebulebebi <strong>da</strong> piradi Tavisufleba. es yovelive ki <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia Tanamedrove<strong>da</strong>savluri civilizaciisaTvis. zemoT aRniSnul elementebs SeiZleba funqciuri<strong>da</strong>tvirTva hqondeT romelime ara<strong>da</strong>savlur sazogadoebaSi, ris gamoc is, agreTvemodernistul sazogadoebad miiCneva. inovaciuri Tu modernistuli sazogadoebisaTvis<strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia diferenciaciis, urbanizaciis, ganaTlebis maRalidone <strong>da</strong> in<strong>for</strong>maciis sayovelTaoba. politikuri TvalsazrisiT, modernistulisazogadoeba emyareba masebis farTo monawileobas, romelic ar Rebulobslegitimurobis tradiciul principebs <strong>da</strong> xelisuflebas akisrebs pasuxismgeblobasefeqturobis TvalsazrisiT. inovaciur sazogadoebas, tradiciulisagan gansxvavebiT,axasiaTebs kulturuli dinamika <strong>da</strong> orientacia cvalebadobebsa <strong>da</strong> novaciebze. misiTavisebureba <strong>da</strong> ZiriTadi faseulobaa individualizmi, rac gulisxmobs pirovnebisTavisuflebebisa <strong>da</strong> uflebebis pativiscemas, agreTve individualuri pasuxismgeblobisprincips. pirovneba ganixileba yovelgvari erTobisagan <strong>da</strong>moukideblad.Cvenis azriT, <strong>kultura</strong>Ta tradiciuloba an inovaciuroba ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>dganisazRvreba <strong>kultura</strong>Ta xasiaTis TaviseburebiT: erTi mxriv, misi midrekilebiTtradiciaTa SenarCunebisaken, warsulisaken, meore mxriv, miswrafebiT siaxlisaken,cvlilebebisaken. <strong>kultura</strong>Ta es maxasiaTeblebi (iseve rogorc sxva <strong>da</strong>narCeni)yalibdeba rogorc sazogadoebis Sinagani Tviseba, romelic mxolod nawilobriveqvemdebareba <strong>da</strong> araviTar SemTxvevaSi mTlianad ar aris gansazRvruli droiTi <strong>da</strong>sivrciTi faqtorebiT. amitom, albaT, ar iqneba swori, Tu vityviT, rom ama Tu imsazogadoebis geografiulad aRmosavluri mdebareoba <strong>da</strong> qronologiuradpremodernul xanaSi arseboba ukve sakmarisi argumentia misi tradiciulobis<strong>da</strong>samtkiceblad. modernistuli sazogadoebis warmoSoba <strong>da</strong>savleTSi SesaZlebeligax<strong>da</strong> aq manamde inovaciuri sazogadoebis arsebobis gamo, <strong>da</strong>savleTSi sazogadoebainovaciuri iyo kapitalizmamdel xanaSic. amdenad, albaT, ar aris saWiro istoriis<strong>da</strong>yofa tradiciuli <strong>da</strong> inovaciuri kulturebis xanad. isini SeiZleba droSiTanaarsebobdnen. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, un<strong>da</strong> ganvasxvaoT cneba `modernistuli~ (romelicgulisxmobs Tanamedrove etapze <strong>da</strong>savlur samyaroSi wamoqmnil kulturul tips),`inovaciuri~ kulturebisagan, rac aris kulturis Tviseba _ iyos orientirebulisiaxleze. aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, xSirad tradiciul sazogadoebebis <strong>modernizacia</strong> udrisvesternizacias inovaciurobis gareSe.koleqtivisturi <strong>da</strong> individulisturi sazogadoebebiindividualizmi-koleqtivizmi erT-erTia im fsiqologiur maxasiaTebelTagan,romlebze <strong>da</strong>yrdnobiT fsiqologebi cdiloben kulturis saxis gansazRvras <strong>da</strong> mistipologizebas.koleqtivizmi gulisxmobs saerTo interesebis prioritets pirovnulTanSe<strong>da</strong>rebiT. koleqtivistur sazogadoebebSi individi ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d motivirebulia imjgufis Tu jgufebis interesebiT, romelTa wevricaa igi. am jgufebis wevrobatradiciulia <strong>da</strong> ara nebayoflobiTi. jgufi SeiZleba iyos didi (eri, saxelmwifo,religiuri erToba <strong>da</strong> sxv.) <strong>da</strong> Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mcire (naTesaoba, samezoblo, nacnobmegobarTawre <strong>da</strong> sxv.). Sesabamisad, ganarCeven e.w. `didjgufovan~ (magaliTad, ruseTi)<strong>da</strong> `mcirejgufovan~ koleqtivistur kulturebs.22
ac Seexeba saqarTvelos, Zalze gavrcelebulia zemoT motanili TvalsazrisiqarTvelTa personalizmisa <strong>da</strong> individualistobis Sesaxeb, magram, fsiqologTa mierSemoTavazebuli klasifikaciiT, `saqarTvelo warmoadgens klasikur `mcirejgufovan~koleqtivistur <strong>kultura</strong>s~, sa<strong>da</strong>c ZiriTad socialur erTeuls Seadgens naTesaoba,samegobro, nacnobTa wre <strong>da</strong> yoveldRiur cxovrebas gansazRvravs swored am jufebSiarsebuli normebi 1 . sazogadoebis wevrTa aseTi normebi saukuneTa manZilzeyalibdebo<strong>da</strong>, roca saqarTvelo (misi calkeuli nawilebi) <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli ar iyo <strong>da</strong>qveynisaTvis umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxebi mis farglebs gareT wydebo<strong>da</strong>. calkeuliindividis azrovnebisa <strong>da</strong> pasuxismgeblobis sivrce zemoT <strong>da</strong>saxelebuli jgufebiTSemoifarglebo<strong>da</strong> (anu sakmaod viwro iyo) <strong>da</strong> TiTqmis ar vrceldebo<strong>da</strong> ufro didsocialur erTobaze _ saxelmwifoze an erze <strong>da</strong>, miT umetes, iseT abstraqtulnormaze, rogoricaa kanoni 2 .vfiqrobT, g.niJaraZis mier aRniSnuli maxasiaTebeli sayuradReboa <strong>da</strong>, Tanac,konkretuli maxasiaTeblis <strong>da</strong>dgenis mcdeloba winga<strong>da</strong>dgmuli nabijia Cvenikulturis xasiaTis gansazRvris rTul gzaze, radgan igi ar warmoadgens mxoloddReisaTvis aSkara faqtis konstatacias (Tun<strong>da</strong>c kanonTan <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebisTvalsazrisiT), aramed iZleva erTgvar gasaRebsac am maxasiaTeblis istoriuliCamoyalibebis asaxsnelad.cxadia, ar vapirebT fsiqologTa <strong>da</strong> sociologTa kompetenciis farglebSi SeWras,magram Tavs uflebas mivcemT gamovTqvaT azri, rom aucilebelia, pirvel rigSi,mkafiod ganisazRvros, ara SeiZleba CaiTvalos kulturis (sazogadoebis)maxasiaTebliad <strong>da</strong> ra _ am maxasiaTeblis praqtikul gamovlinebad, realizaciad, misimoqmedebis Sedegad. sxvagvarad Tavs ver <strong>da</strong>vaRwevT aRrevasa <strong>da</strong> bundovanebas,romelic arc Tu iSviTia qarTuli kulturis xasiaTze msjelobis dros. magaliTad,g.niJaraZesTan kanonisa <strong>da</strong> yofis erTmaneTisagan <strong>da</strong>Soreba qarTuli kulturis erTerTimaxasiaTeblis _ mcirejgufovan-koleqtivisturi xasiaTis _ gamovlinebad <strong>da</strong>Sedegad warmogvidgeba, e.jgerenaiasTan ki _ Tavad ZiriTad maxasiaTeblad (`qarTulisazogadoebis erT-erTi ZiriTadi maxasiaTebeli niSani werilobiT mocemuli normebis(kanonis) <strong>da</strong> yofis erTmaneTisagan maqsimaluri <strong>da</strong>Sorebulobaa~, _ aRniSnavs igi 3 ).Cveni azriT, pirveli midgoma ufro mkafioa <strong>da</strong> kulturis maxasiaTebelTagansazRvrisaTvis ukeTes SesaZleblobas iZleva.Cveulebriv, individualizms <strong>da</strong>savlur, koleqtivizms ki aRmosavlur maxasiaTebladmiiCneven. aseTi <strong>da</strong>yofa, ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, pirobiTia. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, yuradRebasimsaxurebs Semdegi garemoeba. literaturaSi aRniSnulia, rom sazogadoebiskoleqtivisturi orientacia <strong>da</strong>, saerTod, cxovrebis wesi, kacobriobisaTvisgacilebiT ufro reprezentatiulia, vidre individualizmi, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT misufro xangrZliv droiT perspeqtivas <strong>da</strong> sivrciT ganfenilobas sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva qveyanaSi 4 .XVI saukunemde <strong>da</strong>savluri kulturebic mkafio koleqtivisturi orientaciiTxasiaTdebodnen, individualisturi tendenciebi mxolod amis Semdeg iCens Tavs 5 .`Sua saukuneebis <strong>da</strong>savleTi iseTive `ara<strong>da</strong>savluri~ iyo, rogorc mTeli <strong>da</strong>narCenimsoflio~, _ wers n.muzaSvili. Semdeg misi saxe Secvala renesansisa <strong>da</strong> re<strong>for</strong>maciisprocesebma, romlebic <strong>da</strong>upirispir<strong>da</strong> `Suasaukuneobrivi koleqtivizmis citadels _saxelmwifosa <strong>da</strong> eklesiis simbiozs. am Widils SeiZleba individualizmisa <strong>da</strong>1 niJaraZe g. politikuri qceva saqarTveloSi. _ Jurn.: epoqa (sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi). Tb., 2001, 1, gv.7.2 niJaraZe g. politikuri qceva saqarTveloSi, gv.7.3 jgerenaia e. qarTuli sufris sociofilosofia <strong>da</strong> zogierTi sxva ram. _ gaz.: “meridiani”, Tb., 2001, 27, gv.8.4surmaniZe l. individualisturi <strong>da</strong> koleqtivisturi sazogadoebebi (Teoriuli modelebi <strong>da</strong> empiriulikvlevebi). Tb., 2001, gv.7.5 Гуревич А.Я. Категории средневековой культуры. М., 1984.23
- Page 1 and 2: socialur mecnierebaTa seriakulturad
- Page 3 and 4: sarCeviTema I. ZiriTadi cnebebi da
- Page 5 and 6: maSasadame, farTo azriT, kulturis c
- Page 7 and 8: tradiciatradicia _ wina Taobebidan
- Page 9 and 10: gansakuTrebuli forma, romelic ar gu
- Page 11 and 12: aqvs umciresobis kulturis ama Tu im
- Page 13 and 14: axasiaTebs komunitarul struqturebs
- Page 15 and 16: asakobrivi rolebis Tanamedroveobisa
- Page 17 and 18: ogorc tradiciuli sazogadoebis dasas
- Page 19 and 20: akulturuli Teoriebi midrekilni aria
- Page 21: Tema III. kulturaTa tipologia moder
- Page 25 and 26: SeiZleba migviyvanos aRmosavleT-das
- Page 27 and 28: koleqtivis urTierTmimarTebiT; damok
- Page 29 and 30: tipologizeba diqotomiuri sqemebis m
- Page 31 and 32: aucileblobaze 1 . e.saidma saWirod
- Page 33 and 34: islamistebis gaaqtiureba, romlebic
- Page 35 and 36: momakvdinebeli aRmoCndes... islami
- Page 37 and 38: warmoSobis evropuli mwerloba, romli
- Page 39 and 40: Tanamedrove ganzomilebani scildeba
- Page 41 and 42: warmoudgenelia tradiciul samyaroSi.
- Page 43 and 44: centralizebuli biourokratiuli imper
- Page 45 and 46: civilizacia perspeqtivis saqmea, an
- Page 47 and 48: kulturis gaCenis STambeWdavi magali
- Page 49 and 50: inglisuris monaTesave, magram sxva
- Page 51 and 52: imis mixedviT, Tu rogor iTxovs amas
- Page 53 and 54: Tavidan acileba, maS, rodis SeZlebs
- Page 55 and 56: meore saintereso mosazrebaa istorii
- Page 57 and 58: gavaanalizoT procesis arsi, SeZlebi
- Page 59 and 60: saSualebas _ internets _ da saZiebe
- Page 61 and 62: melvil herskovicis xelmZRvanelobiT,
- Page 63 and 64: momdinareobs Sveicariuli qalaqis sa
- Page 65 and 66: nawilisgan mkacri pasuxi miiRes _ T
- Page 67 and 68: axdens imaze, Tu rogor ukavSirdeba
- Page 69 and 70: aseve mecnierebis ganviTarebaSic. c
- Page 71 and 72: egionalizaciis process sWirdeba meT
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imgvarad dasma, rom saqarTvelo auci
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doniT, rac aisaxeba sazogadoebis Ti
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naklebobas; aqvT eleqtroenergiis pr
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araTu SenarCunebas, aramed gavrcele
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ogorc Cans, globalizacia al-qadrisa
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sazogadoebaa, kulturuli niSniT erTi
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mis Tavidan acilebas, ubrundeba sak
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gaTavisebuli, raTa misgan iswavlo(n
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dasavleTis warumatebeli mcdelobebis
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elementze dayrdnobiT. es imas niSna
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im determinantTagan, romlebze dayrd
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gamovlinebas xedavs XVII-XVIII ss.
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iyo viTarebas, roca `qveynis umniSv
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nurobis koleqtivizmTan gaigivebis u
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unebrivia, rom qristianuli samyaros
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niSniT iyo aRbeWdili: `Cveni qveyan
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iCens Tavs postindustriuli ganviTar
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meti adamianis danaklisi arcTu mcir
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mosaxleobis Semcireba, pirvel rigSi
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CULTURE AND MODERNIZATIONSummaryIva
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TOPIC 3. TYPOLOGY OF CULTURES ON A
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consider that modern stage of devel
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1. Multiculturalizm;2. Pluralizm;3.
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supranational structures. Democracy
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