kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
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<strong>da</strong> kulturuli <strong>for</strong>mebis gavlenis Sedegi, rogorc maTi `difuzia~. sociokulturulWrilSi <strong>modernizacia</strong> un<strong>da</strong> warmarTuliyo rogorc moZraoba `avtoritetulobi<strong>da</strong>nTavisuflebisaken~, rogorc dromoWmuli tradiciebis gar<strong>da</strong>qmna <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>laxva,teqnikur efeqturobaSi ganxorcielebuli racionalobis <strong>da</strong>mkvidreba <strong>da</strong> saparlamentodemokratiis gafarToebaze <strong>da</strong>myarebuli axali politikuri kulturis aTviseba.sazogadoebaTa <strong>da</strong>yofa `<strong>da</strong>savleT-aRmosavleTis~ diqotomiis safuZvelzegulisxmob<strong>da</strong> maT <strong>da</strong>yofas `ganviTarebis unaris mqone~, `mowinave~ <strong>da</strong> `CamorCenil~sazogadoebebad. am ukanasknelTaTivis ki gar<strong>da</strong>uvali iyo saerTo gzisaTvis gverdisavla. am process Tan axlavs <strong>da</strong>savluri faseulobebis, normebis <strong>da</strong> qcevisstereotipebs aucilebeli sesxeba. xSirad, <strong>modernizacia</strong> gaigeba rogorc avtoritarizmisa<strong>da</strong> despotizmis ga<strong>da</strong>laxva, qcevisa <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebis regulaciis tradiciuli<strong>for</strong>mebis Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiTi gandevna <strong>da</strong> maTi axali, gonivrulobisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierulprincipebze <strong>da</strong>yrebuli <strong>for</strong>mebiT Canacvleba. ucvleli <strong>da</strong> dromoWmuliwesrigi<strong>da</strong>n sazogadoeba ga<strong>da</strong>dis mudmivi cvlilebebisa <strong>da</strong> srulyofis procesisaken.aseTi principebi sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva variaciebiT SeiZleba Segvxvdes liberalur, re<strong>for</strong>matorulan socialistur mimarTulebebSi. ara<strong>da</strong>savluri kulturuli memkvidreobisSeswavla Seesabamebo<strong>da</strong> `istorizmis~ im ganwyobas, romlis mixedviT warsulisistoriam `Caiara~ <strong>da</strong> amitom un<strong>da</strong> Seicvalos axali, Tanamedrove sazogadoebiT.naSromebi, romlebic aRmosavluri kulturebis Zveli <strong>da</strong> klasikuri periodisistoriisa <strong>da</strong> ara<strong>da</strong>savluri sazogadoebebis struqturisa <strong>da</strong> funqciobis kvlevaseZRvnebo<strong>da</strong> mxolod erTi <strong>da</strong>skvnis gamotanis SesaZleblobas iZleoden _ amsazogadoebaTa tipis cvlileba gar<strong>da</strong>uvali iyo re<strong>for</strong>mebis an revoluciis gziT.civilizaciuri TvalTaxedviT, modernizaciis Teoria Tav<strong>da</strong>pirvelad `Zveli~civilizaciebis `ga<strong>da</strong>laxvasa~ <strong>da</strong> yvela sazogadoebisaTvis progresis universalurigzis <strong>da</strong>saxvaSi mdgomareob<strong>da</strong>. sociologiuri TvalsazrisiT, modernizaciis Teoriasocialurobis, rogorc tradiciisa <strong>da</strong> Tanamedroveobis, CamorCenilobisa <strong>da</strong>ganviTarebulobis, <strong>da</strong>savleTisa <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleTis diqotomiur aRqmas emyarebo<strong>da</strong>.aseTi midgomis farglebSi tradicia aRiqmebo<strong>da</strong> rogorc Semaferxebeli Zala, romlisSesusteba <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>laxva uzrunvelyof<strong>da</strong> Tanamedrove ganviTarebuli sistemis<strong>da</strong>mkvidrebasa <strong>da</strong> ganviTarebas.arsebob<strong>da</strong> tradiciuli sazogadoebebisaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli im `naklovaniTaviseburebebis~ CamonaTvali, romelic xels uSli<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> aferxeb<strong>da</strong> imitaciur<strong>modernizacia</strong>s. am CamonaTvalSi Sedio<strong>da</strong> socialuri struqturis Semdegi Taviseburebani:askriptiuli kavSirebi: urTierTvaldebulebebi ojaxisa <strong>da</strong> naTesaobisfarglebSi, megobruli <strong>da</strong> klanuri kavSirebi, mcire jgufebi, sazogadoebrivi azri; amkavSirebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, koleqtiuri warmodgenebis upiratesoba <strong>da</strong> individisjgufisagan ganuyofeloba; lokalur erTeulebsa <strong>da</strong> teritoriebze mijaWvuloba;kasturi <strong>da</strong> klasobrivi barierebi; mkacri msoflmxedvelobrivi kontroli, orientirebulisaboloo <strong>da</strong> maradiul Rirebulebebze sawinaaRmdegod instrumentulifaseulobebisa, romlebic yoveldRiur praqtikul qcevas aregulireben. gar<strong>da</strong>qmnebis<strong>da</strong>mabrkolebel kulturul winaaRmdegobebad miCneuli iyo Semdegi Rirebulebebi:`samuSao~ drois ignorireba, yoveldRiuri <strong>da</strong> Seupavari Sromis unaris arqona,fatalizmi, eTnocentrizmi, siamayisa <strong>da</strong> Rirsebis gamZafrebuli ganc<strong>da</strong>, moridebulobiskonservatiuli normebi, adgilobrivi politikuri avtoritetebis pativiscema<strong>da</strong> `sakuTar~ miwasTan mijaWvuloba, Cuqebis rogorc gacvlis <strong>for</strong>misadmipozitiuri <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba <strong>da</strong> a.S. kulturis struqturaSi aRiniSneba gaxleCa maRalmoralur orientaciebsa <strong>da</strong> a<strong>da</strong>mianuri yofis realuri pirobebis ugulvebelyofasSoris, problemebis realuri ga<strong>da</strong>Wris Tavi<strong>da</strong>n arideba, statusis, genderuli <strong>da</strong>14
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