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C ve Sistem Programcıları Derneği - C Ders Notları - Necati Ergin Negatif sayıların kullanılmadığı düşünülürse 4 bitlik bir alanda 0 – 15 aralığındaki değerler tutulabilir. Bir değişkenin değerinin 0 – 15 aralığında değiştiğini varsayalım: Bazı durumlarda 4 bitle ifade edilebilen bir değerin 2 ya da 4 byte yer kaplayan bir tamsayı türünde tutulması istenmeyebilir. 32 bitlik bir alan içinde aslında 4 ayrı değer tutulabilir, değil mi? Bir sayının belirli bir bit alanında bir tamsayı değerini tutmak için ne yapılabilir? Önce sayının ilgili bitleri sıfırlanır. Bu amaç için yukarıda yazılan clearbits gibi bir işlev çağrılabilir. Daha sonra sayı, uygun bir değerle bitsel veya işlemine sokulabilir. Aşağıdaki işlev tanımını inceleyin: void putvalue(unsigned int*ptr, size_t startbit, size_t nbits, int value) { clearbits(ptr, startbit, nbits); *ptr |= value = 0; --i) putchar (x >> i & 1 ? '1' : '0'); } int main() { int val; } printf("bir sayi giriniz : "); scanf("%d", &val); showbits(val); return 0; Aşağıda aynı işi değişik bir biçimde yapan showbits2 isimli bir işlevin tanımı yer alıyor: 436
C ve Sistem Programcıları Derneği - C Ders Notları - Necati Ergin void showbits2(int x) { unsigned int i = (~((unsigned)~0 >> 1)); } while (i) { putchar (x & i ? '1' : '0'); i >>= 1; } Aşağıda tamımlanan reverse_bits isimli işlev, int türden bir değerin bitlerini ters çeviriyor: #include int reverse_bits(int number) { int k; int no_of_bits = sizeof(int) * 8; int rev_num = 0; } for (k = 0; k < no_of_bits; ++k) if (number & 1 2) & 0x33); } return ((dest > 1) & 0x55); Aşağıda tanımlanan no_of_setbits isimli işlev, kendisine gönderilen int türden bir değerin kaç tane bitinin 1 olduğu bilgisi ile geri dönüyor: #include int no_of_setbits(unsigned int value) { int counter = 0; int k; for (k = 0; k < sizeof(int) * 8; ++k) if (value & 1
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