2000 Hook-up Book - Spirax Sarco

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SYSTEM DESIGN 70 Specific Heats and Weights Table 29: Specific Heats and Weights: Various Solids Specific Specific Heat, B.t.u. per Lb. Material Gravity per °F Aluminum .................................... 2.55-2.8 .22 Andalusite ................................... .17 Antimony ..................................... .05 Aatite........................................... .20 Asbestos ..................................... 2.1-2.8 .20 Augite .......................................... .19 Bakelite, wood filler ..................... .33 Bakelite, asbestos filler ............... .38 Barite........................................... 4.5 .11 Barium......................................... 3.5 .07 Basalt rock .................................. 2.7-3.2 .20 Beryl............................................ .20 Bismuth ....................................... 9.8 .03 Borax........................................... 1.7-1.8 .24 Boron........................................... 2.32 .31 Cadmium..................................... 8.65 .06 Calcite, 32-100F.......................... .19 Calcite, 32-212F.......................... .20 Calcium ....................................... 4.58 .15 Carbon ........................................ 1.8-2.1 .17 Carborundum .............................. .16 Cassiterite ................................... .09 Cement, dry ................................ .37 Cement, powder.......................... .2 Charcoal...................................... .24 Chalcopyrite ................................ .13 Chromium.................................... 7.1 .12 Clay ............................................. 1.8-2.6 .22 Coal............................................. 64-.93 .26-.37 Cobalt.......................................... 8.9 .11 Concrete, stone........................... .19 Concrete, cinder.......................... .18 Copper ........................................ 8.8-8.95 .09 Corundum ................................... .10 Diamond...................................... 3.51 .15 Dolomite rock .............................. 2.9 .22 Fluorite ........................................ .22 Fluorspar..................................... .21 Galena......................................... .05 Garnet ......................................... .18 Glass, common ........................... 2.4-2.8 .20 Glass, crystal .............................. 2.9-3.0 .12 Glass, plate ................................. 2.45-2.72 .12 Glass, wool.................................. .16 Gold............................................. 19.25-19.35 .03 Granite ........................................ 2.4-2.7 .19 Hematite...................................... 5.2 .16 Hornblende.................................. 3.0 .20 Hypersthene................................ .19 Ice, -112F.................................... .35 Ice, -40F...................................... .43 Ice, -4F........................................ .47 Specific Specific Heat, B.t.u. per Lb. Material Gravity per °F Ice, 32F ....................................... .49 Iridium ......................................... 21.78-22.42 .03 Iron, cast ..................................... 7.03-7.13 .12 Iron, wrought ............................... 7.6-7.9 .12 Labradorite.................................. .19 Lava ............................................ .20 Lead ............................................ 11.34 .03 Limestone.................................... 2.1-2.86 .22 Magnetite .................................... 3.2 .16 Magnesium.................................. 1.74 .25 Malachite..................................... .18 Manganese ................................. 7.42 .11 Marble ......................................... 2.6-2.86 .21 Mercury ....................................... 13.6 .03 Mica............................................. .21 Molybdenum................................ 10.2 .06 Nickel .......................................... 8.9 .11 Oligloclose................................... .21 Orthoclose................................... .19 Plaster of Paris............................ 1.14 Platinum ...................................... 21.45 .03 Porcelain ..................................... .26 Potassium.................................... 0.86 .13 Pyrexglass................................... .20 Pyrolusite .................................... .16 Pyroxylin plastics......................... .34-.38 Quartz, 55-212F.......................... 2.5-2.8 .19 Quartz, 32F................................. .17 Rock salt ..................................... .22 Rubber ........................................ .48 Sandstone................................... 2.0-2.6 .22 Serpentine................................... 2.7-2.8 .26 Silk .............................................. .33 Silver ........................................... 10.4-10.6 .06 Sodium........................................ 0.97 .30 Steel............................................ 7.8 .12 Stone........................................... .20 Stoneware ................................... .19 Talc.............................................. 2.6-2.8 .21 Tar ............................................... 1.2 .35 Tallurium...................................... 6.0-6.24 .05 Tin ............................................... 7.2-7.5 .05 Tile, hollow .................................. .15 Titanium ...................................... 4.5 .14 Topaz........................................... .21 Tungsten...................................... 19.22 .04 Vanadium .................................... 5.96 .12 Vulcanite...................................... .33 Wood........................................... .35-.99 .32-.48 Wool ............................................ 1.32 .33 Zinc blend.................................... 3.9-4.2 .11 Zinc ............................................. 6.9-7.2 .09
Table 30: Specific Heats and Weights: Various Liquids Specific Heat, Specific B.t.u. per Lb. Liquid Gravity per °F Acetone....................................... 0.790 .51 Alcohol, ethyl 32°F ...................... 0.789 .55 Alcohol, ethyl, 105°F ................... 0.789 .65 Alcohol, methyl, 40-50°F............. 0.796 .59 Alcohol, methyl, 60-70°F............. 0.796 .60 Ammonia, 32°F ........................... 0.62 1.10 Ammonia, 104°F ......................... 1.16 Ammonia, 176°F ......................... 1.29 Ammonia, 212°F ......................... 1.48 Ammonia, 238°F ......................... 1.61 Anilin ........................................... 1.02 .52 Benzol ......................................... .42 Calcium Chloride......................... 1.20 .73 Castor Oil .................................... .43 Citron Oil ..................................... .44 Diphenylamine ............................ 1.16 .46 Ethyl Ether................................... .53 Ethylene Glycol ........................... .53 Fuel Oil........................................ .96 .40 Fuel Oil........................................ .91 .44 Specific Heats and Weights Specific Heat, Specific B.t.u. per Lb. Liquid Gravity per °F Fuel Oil........................................ .86 .45 Fuel Oil........................................ .81 .50 Gasoline...................................... .53 Glycerine..................................... 1.26 .58 Kerosene..................................... .48 Mercury ....................................... 13.6 .033 Naphthalene................................ 1.14 .41 Nitrobenzole ................................ .36 Olive Oil....................................... .91-.94 .47 Petroleum.................................... .51 Potassium Hydrate..................... 1.24 .88 Sea Water ................................... 1.0235 .94 Sesame Oil ................................. .39 Sodium Chloride ......................... 1.19 .79 Sodium Hydrate .......................... 1.27 .94 Soybean Oil................................. .47 Toluol........................................... .866 .36 Turpentine ................................... .87 .41 Water........................................... 1 1.00 Xylene ......................................... .861-.881 .41 Table 31: Specific Heats and Weights: Gas and Vapors Specific Heat, Specific Heat, B.t.u. per Lb. B.t.u. per Lb. Gas or Vapor per °F per °F at Constant at Constant Pressure Volume Acetone....................................... .35 .315 Air, dry, 50°F ............................... .24 .172 Air, dry, 32-392°F ........................ .24 .173 Air, dry, 68-824°F ........................ .25 .178 Air, dry 68-1166°F....................... .25 .184 Air, dry, 68-1472°F ...................... .26 .188 Alcohol, C 2H 5OH......................... .45 .398 Alcohol, CH 3OH .......................... .46 .366 Ammonia..................................... .54 .422 Argon........................................... .12 .072 Benzene, C 6H 6............................ .26 .236 Bromine....................................... .06 .047 Carbon dioxide............................ .20 .150 Carbon monoxide........................ .24 .172 Carbon disulphide ....................... .16 .132 Chlorine....................................... .11 .082 Chloroform .................................. .15 .131 Specific Heat, Specific Heat, B.t.u. per Lb. B.t.u. per Lb. Gas or Vapor per °F per °F at Constant at Constant Pressure Volume Ether............................................ .48 .466 Hydrochloric acid ........................ .19 .136 Hydrogen..................................... 3.41 2.410 Hydrogen sulphide ...................... .25 .189 Methane ...................................... .59 .446 Nitrogen....................................... .24 .170 Nitric oxide .................................. .23 .166 Nitrogen tetroxide........................ 1.12 1.098 Nitrous oxide ............................... .21 .166 Oxygen........................................ .22 .157 Steam, 1 psia 120-600 °F ................................ .46 .349 Steam, 14.7 psia 220-600 °F ................................ .47 .359 Steam, 150 psia 360-600 °F ................................ .54 .421 Sulphur dioxide ........................... .15 .119 71 SYSTEM DESIGN
Page 1 and 2:
DESIGN OF FLUID SYSTEMS HOOK-UPS
Page 3 and 4:
Spirax Sarco Spirax Sarco is the re
Page 5:
Section 1: System Design Informatio
Page 8 and 9:
SYSTEM DESIGN 2 The Working Pressur
Page 10 and 11:
SYSTEM DESIGN 4 Sizing Steam Lines
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SYSTEM DESIGN 6 Sizing Superheated
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SYSTEM DESIGN 8 Draining Steam Main
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SYSTEM DESIGN 10 Draining Steam Mai
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SYSTEM DESIGN 12 Steam Tracing The
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SYSTEM DESIGN 14 Steam Tracing Sizi
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SYSTEM DESIGN 16 Steam Tracing Trac
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SYSTEM DESIGN 18 Steam Tracing A si
Page 26 and 27: SYSTEM DESIGN 20 Pressure Reducing
Page 28 and 29: SYSTEM DESIGN 22 Parallel and Serie
Page 30 and 31: SYSTEM DESIGN 24 How to Size Temper
Page 32 and 33: SYSTEM DESIGN 26 Temperature Contro
Page 38 and 39: SYSTEM DESIGN 32 Makeup Air Heating
Page 40 and 41: SYSTEM DESIGN 34 Draining Temperatu
Page 42 and 43: SYSTEM DESIGN 36 Draining Temperatu
Page 44 and 45: SYSTEM DESIGN 38 Steam Trap Selecti
Page 46 and 47: SYSTEM DESIGN 40 Steam Trap Selecti
Page 48 and 49: SYSTEM DESIGN 42 Flash Steam Flash
Page 50 and 51: SYSTEM DESIGN 44 Flash Steam Flash
Page 52 and 53: SYSTEM DESIGN 46 Condensate Recover
Page 54 and 55: SYSTEM DESIGN 48 Condensate Pumping
Page 56 and 57: SYSTEM DESIGN 50 Clean Steam Printi
Page 58 and 59: SYSTEM DESIGN 52 Clean Steam Overal
Page 60 and 61: SYSTEM DESIGN 54 Clean Steam Figure
Page 62 and 63: SYSTEM DESIGN 56 Testing Steam Trap
Page 64 and 65: SYSTEM DESIGN 58 Spira-tec Trap Lea
Page 66 and 67: SYSTEM DESIGN 60 Steam Meters Densi
Page 68 and 69: SYSTEM DESIGN 62 Compressed Air Sys
Page 70 and 71: SYSTEM DESIGN 64 Compressed Air Sys
Page 72 and 73: SYSTEM DESIGN 66 Compressed Air Lin
Page 74 and 75: SYSTEM DESIGN 68 Typical Steam Cons
Page 78 and 79: SYSTEM DESIGN 72 Specific Heats and
Page 80 and 81: SYSTEM DESIGN 74 Conversions To Con
Page 82 and 83: SYSTEM DESIGN 76 Flow of Water thro
Page 84 and 85: SYSTEM DESIGN 78 Moisture Content o
Page 86 and 87: SYSTEM DESIGN 80 ANSI Flange Standa
Page 89 and 90: HOOK-UP APPLICATION DIAGRAMS Sectio
Page 91 and 92: Figure II-3 Draining and Air Ventin
Page 93 and 94: Figure II-8 Draining Steam Main whe
Page 95 and 96: Figure II-12 Typical Pressure Reduc
Page 97 and 98: Figure II-16 Installation of Pressu
Page 99 and 100: Figure II-20 Typical Pneumatic Sing
Page 101 and 102: Condensate Return Steam Supply Stea
Page 103 and 104: Steam Supply Steam Supply Figure II
Page 105 and 106: Figure II-31 Temperature Control of
Page 107 and 108: Elevated or Pressurized Return P 2
Page 109 and 110: Figure II-39 Controlling Temperatur
Page 115 and 116: Figure II-50 Trapping Small Utensil
Page 117 and 118: Figure II-55 Draining and Air Venti
Page 119 and 120: Figure II-59 Air Venting and Conden
Page 121 and 122: Evaporator Pressure Figure II-64 Dr
Page 123 and 124: Figure II-68 Installation of Pump/T
Page 125 and 126: Figure II-73 Draining Small Condens
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Figure II-78 Flash Steam Recovery a
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Figure II-80 Heating Water using Re
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Figure II-82 Recovery of Flash Stea
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Figure II-84 Flash Steam Condensing
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Figure II-87 Tank Sterilization Cle
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Steam Supply Figure II-93 Typical S
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Figure II-97 Hand Operated Rotary F
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Figure II-102 Freeze Proof Safety S
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Figure II-106 Continuous Boiler Blo
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Figure II-111 Controlling Temperatu
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141
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PRODUCT INFORMATION Section 3
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Steam Traps • Balanced Pressure T
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147
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Subject Index Safety...............
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Subject Index Radiation—Baseboard
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Argentina Spirax Sarco S.A. Ruta Pa
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2000 Hook-up Book - Spirax Sarco

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