PoPulationand Public HealtH etHics

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practice resolution calling for the provincial government to cease granting approval for new oil sands projects until proper water management strategies have been developed and implemented. Resolution Alberta Environment has appointed a Provincial Monitoring Panel to enhance monitoring of the environmental impacts of Alberta’s oil sands. 9 Scenario shift Consider if a different industry was linked to suspected population health problems. For example, while Alberta and Canada’s economic health is deeply rooted in oil and gas exports, the beef industry, with more than 4,000 feedlots producing 39% of Canada’s commercial beef, is becoming an important player in Canada’s economy. The sheer size of these operations has raised questions about water quality and threats to public health. Are there similarities in the cases? What ethical issues exist? Questions for discussion 1 What evidence is needed to invoke action based on the precautionary principle? 2 What ethical principles could be used to guide public policy development for oil sands projects? 3 What factors or criteria should be used to assess whether development is “sustainable” development? In particular, what ethical principles should be included in this assessment? What is the role of public health officials in ensuring that ethical principles, in particular health equity issues, are addressed when communities make these determinations. reFerences 1 Best, J. and Hoberg, G. (2008). Alberta’s Oil Sands: Key Issues and Impacts. Economy, Trade & Finance. Retrieved from: http://www.mapleleafweb.com/ features/alberta-s-oil-sands-key-issues-and-impacts PoPulation anD Public HealtH etHics 166
2 Energy Resources Conservation Board. (2008). History of Oil Sands Development. Retrieved from: http://www.ercb.ca/portal/server.pt?open=512&objID=249&Page ID=0&cached=true&mode=2 3 Nikiforuk, A. (2008). Tar Sands: Dirty Oil and the Future of a Continent. Vancouver, B. C.: Greystone Books. 4 Canadian Natural Resources. (2006). Update: Application filed for Primrose in situ oil sands project — Primrose east expansion. 5 Alberta Cancer Board. (2009). Cancer Incidence in Fort Chipewyan, Alberta 1995–2006. Retrieved from: http://www.ualberta.ca/~avnish/rls-2009-02-06-fortchipewyan-study.pdf 6 Kelly, E. N., et al. (2010). Oil sand development contributes elements toxic at low concentrations to the Athabasca River and its tributaries. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (37). 16178–16183. 7 Dillon, P., et al. (2011). Evaluation of Four Reports on Contamination of the Athabasca River System by Oil Sands Operations. Report of the Water Monitoring Data Review Committee. Government of Alberta. Retrieved from: http:// environment.alberta.ca/documents/WMDRC_-_Final_Report_March_7_2011.pdf 8 Vanderklippe, N. (2010). Oil sands toxins growing rapidly. Globe and Mail. Retrieved from: http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/industrynews/energy-and-resources/oil-sands-toxins-growing-rapidly/article1667306/ 9 Government of Alberta. (2011). Scientists call for increased water monitoring, more analysis. Retrieved from: http://alberta.ca/home/NewsFrame.cfm?ReleaseID =/acn/201103/300309B7C9208-C885-824C-D3C04D2D67FAEBF9.html Alberta oil sands 167
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PoPulationand Public HealtH etHics
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contents Acknowledgements - page 5
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acknowleDgeMents The Partners would
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» Create a tool to support instruc
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Each of the discussants took on thi
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Twenty years on, things have change
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intervention (say reduction in mort
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ethics understands dilemmas not onl
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priority setting. 17 Once more, usi
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6 See for example the WHO Commissio
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obesity surveillance in scHool cHil
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esearch 2 Inevitably children will
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esearch Case discussion in response
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It would be ideal to get active inf
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esearch participation, leading to a
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to sHare or not to sHare? Secondary
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esearch Scenario shift » What if t
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esearch Many different parties have
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esearch of his concern for people w
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esearcH etHics anD conFlicts oF int
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esearch and non-public information
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esearch reFerences 1 Public Health
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esearch Key ethical dimensions Perh
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esearch such support, seen across t
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esearch Proposed resolution Enablin
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a tool For etHical analysis oF Publ
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esearch are explicit. In Quebec, su
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esearch reFerences 1 Bayer, R. and
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Part two Policy
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policy being increasingly introduce
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policy behaviour. Therefore, the et
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policy 18 Chapman, S. and Freeman,
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policy through outdoor smoking, any
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policy that this is an injustice. W
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DeFerring blooD Donation FroM Men w
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policy 26 per cent of new infection
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policy 6 NHS Blood and Transplant.
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policy public trust might also incl
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policy lived in certain regions in
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policy 4 Zou, S., Musavi, F., Notar
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policy Case description For nearly
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policy 3 Economic conditions could
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policy essential to examine the his
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policy lMICs. Evidence-based introd
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policy governments, regional develo
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First nations Drinking water Polici
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policy federal government was aware
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policy reFerences 1 Health Canada.
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policy Core issue Case study author
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policy Additional issues It may be
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policy Arguably, an exception might
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policy Case Following the pharmaceu
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policy 3 What potential harms may b
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policy in the “anti-cancer vaccin
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policy adults may choose for themse
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policy Men also suffer some HPV-cau
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ManDatory iMMunization oF local Pub
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Page 124 and 125: practice Case The Inquiry found tha
Page 126 and 127: practice Questions for discussion 1
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Page 132 and 133: practice that the professional plac
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Page 138 and 139: practice In what follows, I will de
Page 140 and 141: practice will end up having to comp
Page 142 and 143: practice Getting Clear on What’s
Page 144 and 145: using PersonalizeD letters oF invit
Page 146 and 147: practice Cervical cancer is relativ
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Page 150 and 151: practice principle should only be t
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Page 162 and 163: practice Decision making While the
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Page 174 and 175: practice How might the decision and
Page 176 and 177: wHose role is it to Deal witH socie
Page 178 and 179: practice same artisanal miners to d
Page 182 and 183: practice The ethical principle of b
Page 184 and 185: practice Identify the options avail
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