Cattle 1853 - Lewis Family Farm

12 CATTLE.
dangerous to the inhabitants of the neighboring districts. Ope of
the' chronicles informs ns, that many of them harbored in the forests
in the neighborhood of the metropolis. Strange stories are told of some
of them, and doubtless, when irritated, they were fierce and dangerous
enough. As, however, civilization advanced, and the forests became
thinned and contracted, these animals were seldomer seen, and at
length almost disappeared. A few of them j'et remain in Chatel-
herault Park, belonging to the Duke of Hamilton, in Lanarkshire ;
and in the park of Chillingham Castle, in Northumberland, the seat
of the Earl of Tankerville.
The wild breed, from being untameable, can only be kept within
walls, or good fences ; consequently, very few of them are now to be
met with, except in the parks of some gentlemen, who keep them for
ornament, and as a curiosity. Their color is invariably white, muzzle
black ; the whole of the inside of the ear, and about one-third of the
outside, from the tips downward, red ; horns, white, with black tips,
very fine, and bent upward ; some of the bulls have a thin, upright
mane, about an inch and a half -or two inches long k The weight of
the oxen is from thirty-five to forty-five stone, and the cows from
twenty-five to thirty-five stone the four quarters (fourteen pound to
the stone). The beef is finely marbled, and of excellent flavor. The
six year old oxen are generally very good beef ; whence it may be
fairly supposed that, in proper situations, they would feed well.
At the first appearance of any' person, they set off in full gallop,
and, at the' distance of about two hundred yards, make a wheel
round, and come boldly up again in a menacing manner ; on a sudden
they make a full stop at the distance of forty or fifty yards, looking
wildly at the object of their • surprise ; but upon the least motion
they all again turn round, and fly off with equal speed, but not to
the same distance, forming a shorter circle, and again returning with
a more threatening aspect than before ; they approach probably
within thirty yards, when they again make another stand, and then
fly off; this they do several times, shortening their distance, and
advancing nearer and nearer, till they come within such a short distance
that most people think it prudent to leave them.
When the cows calve, they hide their calves for a week or ten
days in some sequestered situation, and go and suckle them two or
three times a day. If any person come near the calves, they clap
their heads close to the ground, to hide themselves : this is a proof
of their native wildness.
The dams allow no person to touch their calves, without attacking
them with impetuous ferocity. When any one happens to be
wounded, or is grown weak and feeble through age or sickness, the
rest of the herd set on it and gore it to death.
The breeds of cattle, as they are now found in Great Britain, are
almost as various as the soil of the different districts, or the fancies