A Basic Course in Anthropological Linguistics (Studies in Linguistic ...

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A abbreviations, 79-8 1 acronyms, 79-8 1 active vocabulary, 7 1 addressee, 126,179 addresser, 126,179 affix, 7475,179 affixation, 82 affricate sounds, 5 1 agglutinating languages, 12,179 agglutinative, 82 agnomen, 120 Alighieri, Dante, 13 1 Allen, Woody, 113 alliteration, 66 allomorph, 179 allophones, 55 alphabet, 179 alphabet s ys tems, 47-48 alphabetic writing, 156158 alveolar sounds, 49,5 1 alveopalatal sounds, 5 1 ambiguity, 90-91 American Sign Language, 41-42 analytic languages, 12,82,179 anaphoric devices, 122,180 anthropological linguistics applied subfield, 6-7 as branch of linguistics, 6 ethnographic approach, 7-8 Index - 213 - goals of, 7,23 origins of language, inquiry into, 23 participant observation, 7-8 anthropology, emergence of, 2 anthropomorphic metaphors, 149-15 1 antonym, 180 antonymy, 114-1 15 aphasias, 2 1 arbitrariness, 43 argot, 180 Anstotle, 107 Ascoli, Graziadio Isaia, 13 1 aspectual forms, 139 assimilation, 180 Atlas linguistique de la France, 132 auditory-vocal, 42 Austin, J.L., 101 B Basso, K.H., 151 beat gesticulants, 1 17,180 bee dancing, 44-45 Berlin, Brent, 144-146 Best, A., 92 bilabial sounds, 5 1 bipedalism, 30 Bloomfield, Leonard, 5 Boas, Franz, 5,7-8,21,137,138 borrowing defmed, 180
214 A BASIC COURSE IN ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS described, 133-135 immigrant speech communities, 134-135 introduction of, 4 and Principle of Least Effort, 41 bound forms, 69 bound morphemes, 74,180 Bow-Wow theory, 25 broadcast transmission, 42 Brown, Roger, 26,65,147 C calques, 135,180 Carmichael, L., 138 Cartmill, M., 30 cataphoric devices, 122-123,180 category, 102 Chafe, W., 54 changes in languages, 39-41 children creative nature of language, 20 holophrase, 183 imitation, 18-19 language acquisition, 18 larynx, position of, 29-30 learning to speak, 17-2 1 chimpanzees, 41-45 Chinese language, 12,82 Chinese writing, 153-154 Chomsky, Noam, 5-6,7,17,95-96 circumfiies, 75,180 classification of languages, 82-83 clustering structure, 8688 coda, 180 coda rubric, 61 code, 127 cognates, 180 cognition, and words, 72 cognomen, 119-120 cohesive gesticulants, 117,181 Cole, K.C., 153 colloquialisms, 129 color terminology, 141-146 communicative competence, 16,91,116, 122,181 commutation test, 54,58, 181 comparative grammar defined, 18 1 described, 3 Proto-Indo-European (PIE), 3 see aZso Proto-Indo-European (PIE) complementary distribution, 55-56,77, 181 computational linguistics, 7 conative function, 18 1 conative messages, 127 conceptual metaphor, 107-109,181 conceptual metonym, 1 12-1 13 ConMin, Harold, 144 connotation, 18 1 connotative meaning, 101,102-103 consonant, 181 contact, 127,181 context, 116,127,181 continuants, 52,18 1 contours, 61, 181 contrast (opposition), 181 contrastic sounds, 54 conversation. See discourse conversational devices, 121-123 core vocabulary defined, 18 1 described, 35 lexicostatistics, 38 linguists’ use of, 35 PIE, work on, 35 sound symbolism, 38-39 time depth, 35-38 coronal, 59 critical period theory, 20-21 Cro-Magnons, 29 Crystal, D., 24, 29 culturally biased words, 37 culture and color vocabularies, 146 and discourse, 127 magical powers of language, 127-128
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A Basic Course in Anthropological L
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A Basic Course in Anthropological L
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Table of Contents Preface .........
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Metaphor ..........................
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Preface Language is a truly fascina
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Without words to objectify and cate
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 3 languages the s
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 5 Saussure’s ap
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 7 as computationa
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 9 language utiliz
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 11 making the wor
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 13 Although there
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 15 chairrnan, spo
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 17 for example, s
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 19 they are unabl
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 21 who had suffer
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Language is a part of our organism
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THE OFUGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LANGUAG
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THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LANGUAG
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THE ORTGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LANGUAG
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A linguistic system is a series of
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SOUNDS 49 Sounds made by touching t
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Main Points of Articulation: SOUNDS
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SOUNDS 53 English living in Alabama
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SOUNDS 55 If a phoneme has variants
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SOUNDS 57 other by means of a compl
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SOUNDS 59 Distinctive features also
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~ ~ SOUNDS 61 Syllables with Primar
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SOUNDS 63 In some languages, such a
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SOUNDS 65 that we hardly ever notic
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flee float fly SOUNDS 67 On the oth
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Give the people a new word and they
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WORDS 71 inflected classes (such as
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THE MORPHEME WORDS 73 The bits and
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WORDS 75 There are two other types
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WORDS 77 This suggests, of course,
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ZIPF’S LAW AGAIN WORDS 79 Recall
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WORDS 81 Abbreviations save effort.
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WORDS 83 The American linguist Jose
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The words of the world want to make
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SENTENCES 87 The hierarchical struc
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SENTENCES 89 complement (or object)
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SENTENCES 91 For example, uttering
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SENTENCES 93 As a follow-up study,
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SENTENCES 95 The . . ./-ingl . . ./
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SENTENCES 97 timeline on which spec
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For a large class of cases-though n
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MEANINGS 101 The three referents to
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MEANINGS 103 a legislative assembly
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or [-canine] - [+canine] dog (male)
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MEANINGS 107 connotations, namely t
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MEANINGS 109 We do not detect the p
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MEANINGS 111 thnlung] was rendered
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(3) We don’t hire crew cuts. MEAN
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MEANINGS 115 ~~ Evil Good Appropria
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MEANINGS 117 he called gesticulants
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MEANINGS 119 given names come from
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You can stroke people with words. E
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DISCOURSE AND VARIATION 123 other k
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explicating family relations explic
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DISCOURSE AND VARIATION 127 (4) a c
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DISCOURSE AND VARIATION 129 or she
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DISCOURSE AND VA€”TION 131 Gend
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DISCOURSE AND VARLATION 133 Today,
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DISCOURSE AND VAFUATION 135 English
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All objects, all phases of culture
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 139 0-0 1. 2 .
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LANGUAGE AND REALlTY 141 relations
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c English Salisb Sahaptit Chinook S
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 145 brown, pur
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METAPHOR LANGUAGE AND REALITY 147 T
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 149 In Modern
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 151 Arizona. A
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 153 it enters
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9 8 LANGUAGE AND REALITY Side Grow
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 157 The Greeks
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CONCLUDING REMARKS LANGUAGE AND REA
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CHAPTER 1 Activities and Topics for
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Page 190 and 191: A addressee addresser affii allopho
Page 192 and 193: cohesive gesture communicative comp
Page 194 and 195: G gambit generative grammar GLOSSAR
Page 196 and 197: locutionary act logograph M manner
Page 198 and 199: eferential function register repair
Page 200 and 201: vocalization voicing vowel GLOSSARY
Page 202 and 203: Cited Works and General Bibliograph
Page 204 and 205: CITED WORKS AND GENERAL, BIBLIOGRAP
Page 206 and 207: CITEiD WORKS AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAP
Page 208 and 209: CITED WORKS AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPH
Page 226 and 227: metaphor, role of, 147-153 proverbi
Page 228 and 229: illocutionary act, 184 image schema
Page 230 and 231: emotional meaning, 1 18 figurative,
Page 232 and 233: eality, and language color terminol
Page 234 and 235: gesture theory, 26-28 La-La theory,
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