A Basic Course in Anthropological Linguistics (Studies in Linguistic ...

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metaphor, role of, 147-153 proverbial wisdom, 152 culture-specific associations, 108,110 cuneiform, 156155,181 Curtis, S., 21 D dance patterns, 44-45 dawn stone age, 29 deep structure, 182 deictic gesticulants, 117,182 denotation, 182 denotative meaning, 101,102,103 dental sounds, 51 derivational morphemes, 74,182 Descartes, Rene, 84 design features, typology of, 42-45 diachronic analysis, 182 diachronic study, 4 dialect atlas, 132 dialect surveys, 132 dialectal variation, 16,128-133 see also variation dialectology, 182 dialects, 182 see also variation Diamond, A.A., 28 Ding-Dong theory, 25 Dionysius Thrax, 2 directional reception, 42 discourse conversational devices, 12 1-1 23 cultural functions, 127 defmed, 182 as form of acting, 127 and language, interaction with, 126-127 langue-parole interface, 125-126 personal pronouns, 123 phatic communion, 126 situational variables, 126125 speech act, 123-126 system, 16 variations. See variation discreteness, 43 INDEX 215 displacement, 43,100,182 distinctive feature, 182 distinctive feature analysis, 57-59 diversification, 3 1,182 domain, 107 duality of patterning, 43 E echoic theories, 25-26 economic change, 39-40 Edie, J.M., 149 Edmont, Edmond, 132 Egyptian writing, 155-156 Emantian, M., 152 emotional meaning, 1 18 emotive connotations, 103 emotive function, 182 emotive messages, 127 endocast, 182 English body metaphors, 149-150 cognates, comparison of, 3 1 feminist critics of, 15 infixation, 82 kinship terms, 140-141 Latin abbreviations in, 8 1 minimal pairs, 54 morphological subsystem, 11 productive concepts, 11 1 sentences, basic syntactic structure, 85-86 sound symbolism in, 66 Eolithic age, 29 ethnography, 7-8 F falling diphthong, 61 family names, 119-120 fantasia, 159 feminist criticism, and English grammar, 15 figurative meaning, 101,106 first model of, 3 Fischer, John, 130 The Five Clocks of English (Joos), 17
216 A BASIC COURSE IN ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS flap sounds, 51 folk wisdom, 152 free morphemes, 74,182 free variation, 55,182 fricative, 48 fricative sounds, 5 1 Frye, Northrop, 152 function words, 88,182 fusional, 82 G gambit, 123,183 Gamkrelidze, T.V., 38 Gardner, B .T., 42 Gardner, R.A., 42 gender, and linguistic variations, 130-131 gender system of a language, 77-78 generative grammar, 7,183 Genie, 21 geographcal dialects, 16 gesticulants, 117 gesture language, 1 18 gesture theory, 26-28 gestures, 116-1 18,183 Gill, Ann, 128 Gillikron, Jules, 132 global village, 157 glossary of technical terms, 179-1 89 glottal sounds, 5 1 glottochronology, 35-37,183 gorillas, 41-45 grammar comparative. See comparative grammar and conceptual structure, 95-97 conjoiningkoordination of ideas, 89-90 defined, 183 described, 88-90 generative grammar, 7,183 Universal Grammar theory, 17-18,21, 96,188 and use, 90-94 and word order, 88-89 Zipf’s Law, 90 grammatical changes, 40-4 1 grammatical knowledge, 90 grammatical morpheme, 73 Greek cognates, comparisons of, 3 1 grammar compilation, 2 Greenberg, Joseph, 83 Grimm, Jacob, 2 ground, 183 H Haas, M., 130 Harrk, Rom, 153 Herder, Johann, 137 Herodotus, 24,158 Hewes, G.W., 28 hiatus, 11 hierarchical structure, 8688 hieroglyph, 183 hieroglyphic, 155-156 hiragana, 156 Historia (Herodotus), 24, 158 Historical age, 29 Hittite, 34 Hockett, Charles, 42-44 Hogan, H.P., 138 holophrase, 183 holophrastic utterances, 18 homograph, 183 homonym, 183 homonymy, 115 homophone, 183 How to Do Things with Words (Austin), 101 Humboldt, Wilhelm von, 137 humor, and style, 92-94 Hymes, Dell, 16,125-126 hyponym, 183 hyponymy, 1 15 I iconic gesticulants, 1 17,183 idealized cognitive models (ICMs), 109-112,183 ideographs, 154,184
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A Basic Course in Anthropological L
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A Basic Course in Anthropological L
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Table of Contents Preface .........
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Metaphor ..........................
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Preface Language is a truly fascina
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Without words to objectify and cate
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 3 languages the s
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 5 Saussure’s ap
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 7 as computationa
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 9 language utiliz
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 11 making the wor
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 13 Although there
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 15 chairrnan, spo
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 17 for example, s
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 19 they are unabl
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 21 who had suffer
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Language is a part of our organism
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THE OFUGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LANGUAG
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THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LANGUAG
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THE ORTGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LANGUAG
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A linguistic system is a series of
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SOUNDS 49 Sounds made by touching t
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Main Points of Articulation: SOUNDS
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SOUNDS 53 English living in Alabama
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SOUNDS 55 If a phoneme has variants
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SOUNDS 57 other by means of a compl
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SOUNDS 59 Distinctive features also
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~ ~ SOUNDS 61 Syllables with Primar
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SOUNDS 63 In some languages, such a
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SOUNDS 65 that we hardly ever notic
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flee float fly SOUNDS 67 On the oth
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Give the people a new word and they
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WORDS 71 inflected classes (such as
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THE MORPHEME WORDS 73 The bits and
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WORDS 75 There are two other types
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WORDS 77 This suggests, of course,
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ZIPF’S LAW AGAIN WORDS 79 Recall
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WORDS 81 Abbreviations save effort.
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WORDS 83 The American linguist Jose
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The words of the world want to make
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SENTENCES 87 The hierarchical struc
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SENTENCES 89 complement (or object)
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SENTENCES 91 For example, uttering
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SENTENCES 93 As a follow-up study,
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SENTENCES 95 The . . ./-ingl . . ./
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SENTENCES 97 timeline on which spec
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For a large class of cases-though n
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MEANINGS 101 The three referents to
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MEANINGS 103 a legislative assembly
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or [-canine] - [+canine] dog (male)
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MEANINGS 107 connotations, namely t
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MEANINGS 109 We do not detect the p
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MEANINGS 111 thnlung] was rendered
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(3) We don’t hire crew cuts. MEAN
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MEANINGS 115 ~~ Evil Good Appropria
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MEANINGS 117 he called gesticulants
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MEANINGS 119 given names come from
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You can stroke people with words. E
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DISCOURSE AND VARIATION 123 other k
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explicating family relations explic
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DISCOURSE AND VARIATION 127 (4) a c
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DISCOURSE AND VARIATION 129 or she
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DISCOURSE AND VA€”TION 131 Gend
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DISCOURSE AND VARLATION 133 Today,
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DISCOURSE AND VAFUATION 135 English
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All objects, all phases of culture
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 139 0-0 1. 2 .
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LANGUAGE AND REALlTY 141 relations
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c English Salisb Sahaptit Chinook S
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 145 brown, pur
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METAPHOR LANGUAGE AND REALITY 147 T
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 149 In Modern
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 151 Arizona. A
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 153 it enters
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9 8 LANGUAGE AND REALITY Side Grow
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 157 The Greeks
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CONCLUDING REMARKS LANGUAGE AND REA
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CHAPTER 1 Activities and Topics for
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CHAPTER 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. ACTI
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Page 190 and 191: A addressee addresser affii allopho
Page 192 and 193: cohesive gesture communicative comp
Page 194 and 195: G gambit generative grammar GLOSSAR
Page 196 and 197: locutionary act logograph M manner
Page 198 and 199: eferential function register repair
Page 200 and 201: vocalization voicing vowel GLOSSARY
Page 202 and 203: Cited Works and General Bibliograph
Page 204 and 205: CITED WORKS AND GENERAL, BIBLIOGRAP
Page 206 and 207: CITEiD WORKS AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAP
Page 208 and 209: CITED WORKS AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPH
Page 224 and 225: A abbreviations, 79-8 1 acronyms, 7
Page 228 and 229: illocutionary act, 184 image schema
Page 230 and 231: emotional meaning, 1 18 figurative,
Page 232 and 233: eality, and language color terminol
Page 234 and 235: gesture theory, 26-28 La-La theory,
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