A Basic Course in Anthropological Linguistics (Studies in Linguistic ...

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gesture theory, 26-28 La-La theory, 25 Language Acquisition Device theory, 17-1 8,21 language change, 39-41 of language origins, 24-30 mouth-gesture theory, 27-28 Pooh-Pooh theory, 25 Principle of Economic Change, 39-40 Principle of Least Effort, 12,41 , 8 1 Principle of the Historical Cycle, 41 speech act, 123-125 Universal Grammar theory, 17-18,21 X-Bar Theory, 96 Yo-He-Ho theory, 25 Zipf’s Law. See Zipf’s Law thinking processes, 148-149 Tilley, C. , 15 0 time depth, 35-38 tone, 62-63 topic, 188 total feedback, 43 traditional transmission, 43 transformational rule, 188 tropes, 11 1-1 13 typological classification, 188 U United States, dialects in, 132 Universal Grammar theory, 17-18,21,96, 188 universal language, 84 unmarked category, 188 unmarked form, 77 utterance meaning, 1 16-1 18 uvular sounds, 5 1 V validity forms, 139 variation along gender axis, 13&131 borrowing, 133-135 colloquialisms, 129 defined, 188 described, 128 INDEX 223 dialect atlas, 132 jargon, 129 slang, 129 social dialects, 128-129 substratum influence, 13 1- ,132 vehicle, 188 velar sounds, 5 1 vibrant sounds, 5 1 Vico, Giambattista, 159 vocabulary, 7 1 vocabulary blueprint, 71-72 vocal apparatus, 49 vocalization, 189 voiced sounds, 48,52 voiceless, 48,52 voicing, 189 Volapuk, 84 vowels, 50,59, 189 w Walter, A.A., 138 Washoe (chimpanzee), 42 Wenker, Georg, 132 Werner, A., 35 Wescott, Roger, 146 Wescott, R.W., 38,149 whispering, 66 who/whom, 40 Whorf, Benjamin Lee, 14,21-22,139 Whorfian Hypothesis defined, 189 described, 14-15 development of, 138-140 language, and cognition, 159 language, and reality, 137 social inequalities, questions about, 14-15 Winner, E., 113 word meaning, 114-1 15 word order, 88-89 word stress, 59453,187 words borrowed. See borrowing and cognition, 72
224 A BASIC COURSE IN ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS conversational devices, 12 1-1 23 defined, 69,70-72 function words, 88,182 lexical fields, 106 linguistic typology, 82-83 loanwords, 134-1 35 morphemes, 73-76,82 morphological analysis, 76-78 as sacred forms, 127-128 slips of the tongue, 70 vocabulary, 71 Zipf’s Law, 79-82 writing alphabetic system, 156 alphabetic writing, 156-158 cuneiform, 154-155 direction of, 158-159 hieroglyphic, 155-156 ideographs, 154 logographs, 154 paradigm shift, 157 pictography, 153-156, 157 sound representation, transition to, 156-157 X X-Bar Theory, 96 Y Yo-He-Ho theory, 25 Z Zamenhof, L.L., 84 Zipf’s Law connotation, 103 conversational devices, 122 defined, 189 described, 12 and Principle of Economic Change, 39- 40 repetitions, 90 sentence-abbreviating tendency, 15-1 6 sound representation in writing, 156- 157 words, 79-82
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A Basic Course in Anthropological L
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A Basic Course in Anthropological L
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Table of Contents Preface .........
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Metaphor ..........................
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Preface Language is a truly fascina
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Without words to objectify and cate
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 3 languages the s
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 5 Saussure’s ap
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 7 as computationa
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 9 language utiliz
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 11 making the wor
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 13 Although there
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 15 chairrnan, spo
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 17 for example, s
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 19 they are unabl
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LINGUISTIC METHOD 21 who had suffer
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Language is a part of our organism
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THE OFUGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LANGUAG
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THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LANGUAG
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THE ORTGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LANGUAG
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A linguistic system is a series of
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SOUNDS 49 Sounds made by touching t
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Main Points of Articulation: SOUNDS
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SOUNDS 53 English living in Alabama
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SOUNDS 55 If a phoneme has variants
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SOUNDS 57 other by means of a compl
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SOUNDS 59 Distinctive features also
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~ ~ SOUNDS 61 Syllables with Primar
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SOUNDS 63 In some languages, such a
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SOUNDS 65 that we hardly ever notic
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flee float fly SOUNDS 67 On the oth
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Give the people a new word and they
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WORDS 71 inflected classes (such as
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THE MORPHEME WORDS 73 The bits and
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WORDS 75 There are two other types
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WORDS 77 This suggests, of course,
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ZIPF’S LAW AGAIN WORDS 79 Recall
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WORDS 81 Abbreviations save effort.
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WORDS 83 The American linguist Jose
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The words of the world want to make
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SENTENCES 87 The hierarchical struc
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SENTENCES 89 complement (or object)
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SENTENCES 91 For example, uttering
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SENTENCES 93 As a follow-up study,
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SENTENCES 95 The . . ./-ingl . . ./
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SENTENCES 97 timeline on which spec
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For a large class of cases-though n
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MEANINGS 101 The three referents to
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MEANINGS 103 a legislative assembly
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or [-canine] - [+canine] dog (male)
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MEANINGS 107 connotations, namely t
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MEANINGS 109 We do not detect the p
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MEANINGS 111 thnlung] was rendered
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(3) We don’t hire crew cuts. MEAN
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MEANINGS 115 ~~ Evil Good Appropria
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MEANINGS 117 he called gesticulants
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MEANINGS 119 given names come from
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You can stroke people with words. E
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DISCOURSE AND VARIATION 123 other k
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explicating family relations explic
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DISCOURSE AND VARIATION 127 (4) a c
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DISCOURSE AND VARIATION 129 or she
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DISCOURSE AND VA€”TION 131 Gend
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DISCOURSE AND VARLATION 133 Today,
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DISCOURSE AND VAFUATION 135 English
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All objects, all phases of culture
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 139 0-0 1. 2 .
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LANGUAGE AND REALlTY 141 relations
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c English Salisb Sahaptit Chinook S
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 145 brown, pur
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METAPHOR LANGUAGE AND REALITY 147 T
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 149 In Modern
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 151 Arizona. A
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 153 it enters
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9 8 LANGUAGE AND REALITY Side Grow
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LANGUAGE AND REALITY 157 The Greeks
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CONCLUDING REMARKS LANGUAGE AND REA
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CHAPTER 1 Activities and Topics for
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CHAPTER 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. ACTI
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ACTIVITIES AND TOPICS FOR DISCUSSIO
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Page 184 and 185: ACTIVITIES AND TOPICS FOR DISCUSSIO
Page 190 and 191: A addressee addresser affii allopho
Page 192 and 193: cohesive gesture communicative comp
Page 194 and 195: G gambit generative grammar GLOSSAR
Page 196 and 197: locutionary act logograph M manner
Page 198 and 199: eferential function register repair
Page 200 and 201: vocalization voicing vowel GLOSSARY
Page 202 and 203: Cited Works and General Bibliograph
Page 204 and 205: CITED WORKS AND GENERAL, BIBLIOGRAP
Page 206 and 207: CITEiD WORKS AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAP
Page 208 and 209: CITED WORKS AND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPH
Page 224 and 225: A abbreviations, 79-8 1 acronyms, 7
Page 226 and 227: metaphor, role of, 147-153 proverbi
Page 228 and 229: illocutionary act, 184 image schema
Page 230 and 231: emotional meaning, 1 18 figurative,
Page 232 and 233: eality, and language color terminol
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