The evil eye. An account of this ancient and wide spread superstition

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I THE PLANT BACCHARIS 21 cock inimical to the lion. Curiously too he quotes Bacon's ninth essay, on Envy. Speaking of the various antidotes, he says (p. 144) : " For preservation against incantations and evil enchantments [malejici) I have found the following to be recommended invocation of the Goddess Nemesis ; the good ! smelling prayers of those who do not gaze with admiration on or bepraise others ; the blessings of those who wish to inspire courage are valuable to keep off the evil eye {togliere il fascino) ; the^carrying on the person [adosso) certain natural articles, such as rue, certain" roots, a wolf's tail, the skin of a hyena's fore- hQ.2iSr{yronte della iene), the onion, which they say the devil respects because the ancients adored it equally with himself; and that herb with strong- root called Baccharis, Baccari,^^ vulgarly called Guanto di nostra signora (Our Lady's glove), because it constipates the passages, and restrains the overflow of the spirits which excessive praise pro- duces ; whence it closes the door to fascination.'' Valletta was evidently himself a profound believer 4" Valletta, Cicalata, p. 145. " La Damaccia, ch' a la schiena Corta corta, e piena piena, Se ajettar staravv 'intanto, Voi prendetevi del giianto,* Ed in petto lo ponete, O la fronte vi cingete."—Marugi, Capricci, p. III. * "This is a flower called Guanto di nostra sio?iora, known to the ancients under the name ol Baccar, which they bound to the foreheads of the sick" (note by Marugi, p. in). He quotes Loyer as to its being valevolissitno against evil tongues, and Virgil as to its virtues against jettatori. Gerard (p. 791) says : "About this plant Baccharis there hath been great contention amongst the new writers." He in the end identifies it with Plowman'' s Spikenard, a name which Britten says was probably invented by Gerard. Britten says the plant is hmla coiiiza ; Dr. Prior {Popular Names of British Plants, p. 187) says it is Conyza Squarrosa. Gerard says : " Baccharis or Plowman's Spikenard is of a temperature very astringent or binding," and generally he describes its " vertues " much the same as Professor Valletta. There does not appear to be any plant-name known in England at all like " Our Lady's glove." :
22 THE EVIL EYE chap. in fascination of every kind, whether of eye, bodily presence, or actual touch, and finishes up his essay by offering a reward of from ten to twenty scudi for answers to thirteen questions, according as the notizia may excite in him more or less interest. They are as follows, translated literally : I. If a man or woman is the more powerful [jetta piu)} 2. If more, he who has a wig ? 3. If more, he who has eye-glasses ? 4. If more, the woman enceinte? 5. If monks more (than others), and of what order? 6. If he is able, j'ettare (to fascinate) more, who approaches us after the evil which we have suffered ? i.e. Is the second time worse than the first, or do we become increasingly subject to the influence ? 7. At what distance does the jetta- /?/?'^ extend ? 8. If it is able to come from things inanimate? 9. If it operates more on side, front or back {di lato, di prospetto, di dietro) ? 10. What gait [gesto), what voice, what eye, and what character of will \\2N^jettatori, and (how) do they make themselves known? 11. What devotions {orazioncine) one ought to recite to preserve oneself from the jettatura of monks [Frati)} 12. What words in general ought one to repeat to escape the evil eye {si debbaii diiê per evitare la jettatura) ? 13. What power therefore have the horn, or other things ? *^ T It was anciently believed that women have more power of fascination than men. Varro accounts for their increased evil influence as the result of their unbridled passions,*' and he fully describes how to discern between those who have greater or less dan- ''1 A comparison of these queries with those quoted by Story, Castle of S. Angela, p. 200, will show that the later edition of Valletta's book used by him had been considerably altered. 2 " Quia irascendi et concupiscendi animi vim adeo effrenatam habent.'' —
Page 1 and 2: 'î ,Yi » J .7!fi Ah rf
Page 3 and 4: 344441 INDIANA viirvK: fyfy f> < V
Page 5 and 6: THE EVIL EYE charms and amulets, so
Page 7 and 8: y THE EVIL EYE Numerous Amulets, Ci
Page 9 and 10: Touch, Hands, Gestures . The Cross
Page 11 and 12: THE EVIL EYE CHAi animal magnetism.
Page 13 and 14: THE EVIL EYE chap. antidote, " 'cau
Page 15 and 16: y THE EVIL EYE chap. Abundant testi
Page 17 and 18: I THE EVIL EYE chap. well as the me
Page 19 and 20: lo . THE EVIL EYE chap. Camden says
Page 21 and 22: I 12 THE EVIL EYE chap. that these
Page 23 and 24: 14 THE EVIL EYE chap. evil glances.
Page 25 and 26: i6 THE EVIL EYE chap. leaving young
Page 27 and 28: i8 THE EVIL EYE chap. one end to th
Page 29: 20 THE EVIL EYE chap. looking on a
Page 33 and 34: 24 THE EVIL EYE chap. he spoke to a
Page 35 and 36: 26 THE EVIL EYE chap. come on. Risi
Page 37 and 38: 28 THE EVIL EYE chap. the same ques
Page 39 and 40: 30 THE EVIL EYE chap. Giraldus, so
Page 41 and 42: ^ 32 THE EVIL EYE chap. On the othe
Page 43 and 44: 34 THE EVIL EYE chap. them. The bir
Page 45 and 46: 36 THE EVIL EYE chap. ,at another w
Page 47 and 48: 38 THE EVIL EYE chap. woman's touch
Page 49 and 50: 40 THE EVIL EYE chap. the power of
Page 51 and 52: THE EVIL EYE chap. bird was perched
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER II SYMPATHETIC MAGIC In fur
Page 55 and 56: 46 THE EVIL EYE chap. We cannot exp
Page 57 and 58: 48 THE EVIL EYE chap. of facts, ope
Page 59 and 60: 5° THE EVIL EYE CHAP. presentation
Page 61 and 62: 52 THE EVIL EYE chap. Paper currenc
Page 63 and 64: 54 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. old belief th
Page 65 and 66: 56 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. villaoê wive
Page 67 and 68: 58 THE EVIL EYE chap. morte (deathm
Page 69 and 70: 6o THE EVIL EYE chap. snail upon a
Page 71 and 72: 62 THE EVIL EYE chap. animal and ve
Page 73 and 74: 64 THE EVIL EYE chap. have a specia
Page 75 and 76: 66 THE EVIL EYE chap. will doubtles
Page 77 and 78: 68 . THE EVIL EYE chap. period of t
Page 79 and 80: ô THE EVIL EYE chap. must be passe
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72 THE EVIL EYE chap. would but bri
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74 THE EVIL EYE chap. found the exc
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76 THE EVIL EYE chap. " Why, don't
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78 THE EVIL EYE chap. they never ut
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8o THE EVIL EYE chap. 1845. On taki
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82 THE EVIL EYE chap. noted, the ch
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84 THE EVIL EYE chap. In Germany, E
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86 THE EVIL EYE chap, ii looked mor
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THE EVIL EYE chap. result of an exp
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90 THE EVIL EYE chap. that time for
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^ t back THE EVIL EYE chap. tent is
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94 THE EVIL EYE chap. adder, when a
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96 THE EVIL EYE chap. delay, his pr
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98 THE EVIL EYE chap. Clement of Al
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loo THE EVIL EYE chap. with their a
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I02 THE EVIL EYE chap. and to many
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I04 THE EVIL EYE chap. themselves o
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io6 THE EVIL EYE chap. with the oak
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io8 THE EVIL EYE chap. ages, and th
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no THE EVIL EYE chap. by his succes
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112 THE EVIL EYE chap. in the belie
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114 THE EVIL EYE chap, iii eating h
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Ii6 THE EVIL EYE chap. say, represe
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Ii8 THE EVIL EYE chap. sentation, m
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IV AMULETS 121 commonly used as syn
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IV TERAPHIM 123 We are told ^^^ tha
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IV THE SCARABÛS 125 p. 259, are re
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IV THE MYSTIC EYE 127 It was natura
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IV ACCUMULATION OF PROTECTORS 129 b
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IV AMULET FOR EVERY DAY IN THE WEEK
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IV NO STAGS IN AFRICA 133 Hence eve
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136 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. with the usu
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138 THE EVIL EYE chap. Perhaps the
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I40 THE EVIL EYE chap. On the right
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142 THE EVIL EYE chap. the ancient
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146 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. in Christian
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148 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. a corruption
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I50 THE EVIL EYE chap. of children
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152 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. The necklace
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154 THE EVIL. EYE chap. as belongin
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156 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. p. 68, who g
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i^ / /! CHAPTER V THE GORGONEION Wh
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i6o THE EVIL EYE CHAP. tions speak
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l62 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. The illustra
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164 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. mask of the
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[ i66 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. horrible t
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i68 THE EVIL EYE chap. cuirass a li
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C ojiitinijeniona. Secundfkulagemna
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1/2 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. We are told
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174 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. Story dating
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176 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. The variety
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! i ! 178 THE EVIL EYE chap. corres
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i8o THE EVIL EYE chap, v and still
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I 4, - changed i82 THE EVIL EYE cha
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I ^ VI ORIGIN OF TURKISH CRESCENT 1
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VI THE HORNS OF MOSES 185 face, the
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VI ISIS, ARTEMIS, DIANA 187 the god
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VI MADONNA AND CHILD 189 act of nur
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VI THE GODS ALL BLACK 191 In the st
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VI ' THE UNIVERSAL MOTHER 193 In wh
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VI DIANA'S SUCCESSOR 195 Mephitis w
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VI HORNED MEDUSAS 197 high above th
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VI HORN OF DIGNITY 199 of the phyla
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CHAP. VI HORNED HELMETS 201 elsewhe
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VI CRESCENTS 203 There is abundant
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Fig. 82.—From the Author's Collec
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VI THE FLAMING SWORD 207 Neapolitan
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VI HORSE AMULETS 209 corner of Fig.
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"^^ , the 1 horned I 31-37. VI NOND
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VI AMULETS ON LAMPS 213 of course a
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vr ROME TO ASHANTEE 215 to the cres
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VI HORSESHOES 217 infidels, and her
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VI HORSESHOES 219 chimney -hearth w
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VI AVERSION TO IRON 22 Up thy tool
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y I Professor VI METALS TO BE AVOID
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VI CUTTING THE HAIR 225 body, lest
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VI THE CELESTIAL MOTHER 227 logics
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VI GURGOYLES 229 tions of them were
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VI STONE DEMONS 231 and, a fortiori
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CHAPTER VII TOUCH, HANDS, GESTURES
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VII CHIRONOMY 235 remain permanent,
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VII MANUAL NUMERATION The Abate say
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VII MANUAL NUMERATION 239 number up
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VII THE HAND AS AN AMULET 241 The s
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VII HAND THE SYMBOL OF POWER 243 Se
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VII HAND GESTURES ON STATUETTES 245
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vii HOLDING UP THE RIGHT HAND 247 c
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VII THE OPEN HAND 249 holds in His
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VII THE HAND AT ST. SOPHIA 251 frea
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VII STORIES TOLD IN GESTURES 253 al
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VII THE MANO FICA 255 In the Ashmol
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VII THE MANO FICA 257 " Mal-uocchie
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VII VARIOUS KINDS OF HORNS 259 sell
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VII THE MANO CORNUTA 261 As a poten
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VII GREEKS USED HORN-AMULETS 263 of
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VII THE DEXTERA DEI 265 Again, the
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VII MANUAL GESTURES 267 the hands,
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VII ^^pA-^LylstlA^ SACERDOTAL GESTU
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Fig. 1 1 8. See Description, p. 274
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Fig. 119. See Description, p. 276.
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Fig. I20. See Description, p. 276.
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CHAPTER VIII THE CROSS Among modern
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VIII THE SYMBOL OF LIFE 279 cross i
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VIII THE CRUX ANSATA 281 spread/^"
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, purity. CHAP. VIII THE CROSS OF S
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1 ! against ; as VIII CROSSES ON CO
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VIII "TO ZET THE KIEVE" 287 devout
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VIII THE SVASTIKA 289 men called Kh
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VIII THE TRISKELION 291 all over Eu
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j The ' having CHAPTER IX THE MANO
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IX THE DEXTERA DEI 295 There are ve
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IX LA MAIN DE JUSTICE 297 ing in de
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IX THE MANO PANTEA 299 aveOrjKev l^
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I This IX THE CANTHARUS 301 is an e
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IX THE CALATHUS 303 bas-reliefs, an
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IX THE WOMAN AND CHILD 305 watching
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. two ; Thus IX THE SCARABÛS 307 h
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IX THE FROG 309 amulet against the
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IX SERPENT WORSHIP 311 One of the t
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IX ^SCULAPIUS 313 the origin of the
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IX AGATHODEMON 315 In Greek and Rom
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IX SERPENT WORSHIP IN BRITAIN 317 b
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IX THE THREE CAKES 319 comparison o
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IX THE CROCODILE 321 Mark, was erec
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IX THE BALANCE 323 hands, are passe
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IX THE TORTOISE—THE PINE-CONE 325
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IX ANIMALS ON THE MANO PANTEA 327 t
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— IX CLAVUM FIGERE 329 ancients,
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IX THE GOBBO 331 consider it as an
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IX BOAR THE EMBLEM OF EVIL 333 than
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IX DEMETER AND PERSEPHONE 335 myste
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IX ST. ANTHONY OF PADUA 337 the mod
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^ I I fecundation, IX THE TANTONY P
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- IX THE CAMEL 341 Minerva, and app
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CHAPTER X THE CIMARUTA, SIRENE, TAB
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THE SPRIG OF RUE 345 and that the "
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^ I that X THE HERB OF GRACE 347 Ge
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X DIANA TRIFORMIS 549 Considering h
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X THE SILVER MOON 351 We turn our s
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I j ing ; affections THE KEY OF PRU
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\ To { j separate X COMBINATION OF
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X SIRENE AND CAVALLI MARINI 357 all
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ISIS A WINGED GODDESS 359 medal bel
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PROSERPINE 361 goddess represented
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EPHESIAN DIANA 363 of all those sho
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X OBJECTS UPON THE STATUES 365 on h
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TYPES PRESERVED 367 Proserpine on F
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THE SACRED BARIS 369 thought to hav
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TERRA-COTTA TABLETS 371 Museum by t
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TERRA-COTTA TABLETS 373 Oxford one
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X OBJECTS UPON THE TABLETS 375 in t
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X THE BARONE LAMP 377 (Fig. 181), a
Page 388 and 389:
X THE TORCH OF VESTA 379 the whole
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X THE TONGS OF VULCAN 381 of our pl
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MOULDS OF POZZUOLI AND TARANTO 38:
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X SEVERAL OPINIONS 385 Heydemann, w
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X TABLETS ARE LAMP-MOULDS 387 It is
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CHAPTER XI CABALISTIC WRITING MAGIC
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LEATHER CASE, Showing marki of much
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LEATHER CASE, Showing marks of much
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392 THE EVIL EYE chap. 8. Ayene sav
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" 394 THE EVIL EYE chap. The creato
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396 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. to confess ;
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398 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. no thicker t
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400 THE EVIL EYE chap. paper, which
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402 THE EVIL EYE CHAP. Other amulet
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404 THE EVIL EYE chap. the evil eye
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4o6 THE EVIL EYE chap. of all other
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4o8 THE EVIL EYE chap. ments in acc
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CHAPTER XII SPITTING, INCANTATION,
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412 THE EVIL EYE chap. Further, it
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I 414 THE EVIL EYE chap. finger. Pa
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4i6 THE EVIL EYE chap. probation, f
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4i8 THE EVIL EYE chap. on the groun
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420 THE EVIL EYE chap. looks upon a
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422 THE EVIL EYE chap. Mungo Park r
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424 THE EVIL EYE chap. It is Strang
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426 THE EVIL EYE chap. smoking ligh
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428 THE EVIL EYE chap. lined every
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430 THE EVIL EYE chap. the defiant
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432 THE EVIL EYE " chap. print the
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434 THE EVIL EYE chap. In 1890 some
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436 THE EVIL EYE chap. fastly into
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438 THE EVIL EYE chap. cause by per
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440 THE EVIL EYE chap. maker of bad
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442 THE EVIL EYE chap. strongest of
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444 THE EVIL EYE chap. can certainl
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446 THE EVIL EYE chap. to persons a
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448 THE EVIL EYE chap. questions. P
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Aberdeen, Walpole's RIemoirs, 371 A
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Bells adopted from paganism, 288 ;
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Cognizance, 175 Coins and seal, cro
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Eighty persons killed by the eye, 1
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Gordon Gumming, In the Hebrides, 22
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Jadh, the hand of God, 247 Jahn, Ab
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Maiugi, Capricci, 19, 21, 257, 346,
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Odd numbers, 406 Odour, breath, voi
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Ptolemy X., 368 Pulman's Weekly New
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South Sea Islands, chief's hair in,
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Virgil, 5, 7, lo, 39, 185, 443 ; ^t
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*K i .-' ' :
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The evil eye. An account of this ancient and wide spread superstition

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