Provisional Drogereit pdf

By comparing script-types he found evidence of two scribes (p. 339) who composed
several charters for different recipients 25 . This paved the way for a diplomatic Sickletype
study, the foundation for the current work, for which we have A. Hessel to
thank 26 .
The view that there was a chancery has recently been held both by B. Wilkinson 27 ,
probably without knowledge of Hessel’s work, and F. Kirn 28 . Recently, in his brief
explanation, where he rejects Brunner’s version of the land book, H. Hazeltine
endorsed L. Larson’s view 29 .
In addition to these studies, which consider charters extensively, we also have works
that handle the issue in a purely historical context. Some of these also deserve a
mention in our examination.
When G. Philipps attempted to portray the history of Anglo-Saxon law, he also
touched on the “cancellarius”. He presumes that this court appointment came to
England through the connection with the Franconian court. Furthermore he knows
that there were several notaries under the chancellor who were also called
secretaries 30 . J. Lappenberg, who has already been mentioned, also agrees with the
historians of the 18 th and early 19 th Centuries who believed in the existence of a royal
chancery 31 . J. R. Green had the issuers of charters start with Knut.
25 A. Hessel, Studien zur Ausbreitung der karolingischen Minuskel, (Studies on the increasing use of
the Carolingian miniscule), in A. f. U VIII, pp. 17 ff. Berlin-Leipzig 1923.
26 At this point I would like to express my most sincere thanks to Professor Hessel for his constantly
helpful participation in the progress of this work, together with Mr Geh. Rat Brandi, Professor Hecht
and Professor Schramm for their stimuli, which was necessary to the organisation of the study.
27
B. Wilkinson, The Chancery under Edward III, in Publications of the University of Manchester,
Historical Series 51, p. 2.
28 F. Kirn, Zum Problem der Kontinuität zwischen Altertum und Mittelalter, (The problem of
continuity between antiquity and the Middle Ages), in A. f. U. X, p. 137. Berlin 1930.
29 D. Whitelock, Anglo-Saxon Wills, in Cambridge Studies in English Legal History 6, Cambridge
1930. See p. XXIX ff. of the Preface by H. Hazeltine, especially p. XXXII, n. 3. His view of the
character of the landbook can be summarised as follows: “...that the land-book was used, like the sod
taken from the land, merely as a symbol which represented the land...” and “Since the pressure of
Germanic custom in Anglo-Saxon days made for orality... the land-book...was...a document which
merely evidenced a German oral transaction that was complete without a writing.” (For a critique cf.
H. Meyer, Z. f. RG., G. A. Vol. 51, p. 695 f.)
30 G. Philipps, Versuch einer Darstellung der Geschichte des angelsächsischen Rechts (An attempt to
portray the history of Anglo-Saxon Law), Göttingen 1825, p. 47 and Note 249. The references quoted
by him are now, since Hall, untenable. Without specifying a reference he states on p. 78, Note 250:
“Turketulus, Abbot of Croyland, as he was to become, nephew of Edward the Elder, was King Edred’s
Chancellor before he joined the clergy.” (From Ingulph or Spielmann, Glossarium, p. 105: De
Cacellario apud Anglo-Saxones, which contains a whole list of Anglo-Saxon Chancellors.)
31
J. M. Lappenberg and R. Pauli, Geschichte von England (History of England), 5 Vols. Hamburg
1834-58. Vol. I, p. 566 (after Philipps)
339