nicole kotras masters thesis

0-6 months
Mastery of Comprehension
The infant:
Shows startle response to loud or sudden sounds;
Attempts to localize sounds, turning eyes or head;
Listens to a soft bell nearby, searches for sounds with eye movement;
Appears to listen to speakers, may respond with a smile;
Recognizes warning, angry and friendly voices.
Mastery of Expression
The infant:
Has vocalizations other than crying;
Has differential cries for hunger, pain;
Makes vocalizations to show pleasure (including laughter);
Plays at making sounds;
Babbles (repeats a series of sounds) to persons.
7-11 months. Attending to language stage
Mastery of Comprehension
The infant:
Shows listening selectivity (voluntary control over response to sounds);
Listens to music or singing with interest;
Recognizes "no", "hot", own name;
Looks at pictures being named for up to one minute;
Listens to speech without being distracted by other sounds.
Mastery of Expression
The infant:
Responds to own name with vocalizations;
Imitates the melody of utterances;
Uses jargon (own language);
Produces two to four syllable babble ("goo-goo", "dadada");
Has gestures (shakes head for "No!");
Has exclamation ("oh-oh");
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