download - Deutsches Jugendinstitut e.V.

More documents

Recommendations

Info

In the Czech Republic and Lithuania, children and young persons in Roma families are living in particularly poor conditions. Programmes for the integration of ethnic minorities (Roma) into majority society form the focal point of national strategies in these two countries: direct activities with Roma children and young persons and their families. Management The socialistic history continues to have an effect predominantly in the management of programmes and support strategies. In Hungary and Poland, programmes initiated on a national level are controlled on a decentralised and/or local level. In Poland for example, 16 regional coordinators were recruited from the central state administration. Structures as found in Western countries which are involved in the programme implementation and work in cooperation with the regional coordinators or with the national level do not exist. In Lithuania, the programme is centrally controlled by the Department for National Minorities which initiates and coordinates the implementation of integration programmes. In the Czech Republic, programmes are controlled by two central committees which are located within the government: the council for Roma affairs and the council for national minorities. In all four countries, the programmes are implemented in a top-down manner with little participation. The reasons for the lack of a bottom-up activities and/or the low social participation lie in the socialistic past of these nations which created a totally different, more centralistic and paternalistic understanding of democracy. As civil societies in these countries are still in the early stages of development, the corresponding institutional foundations which could encourage and channel existing commitment within social areas have not yet developed. For this reason, there are few civil society actors and independent bodies available for the implementation of state initiated programmes. The development of both the civil societies themselves and the establishment of the civil society institutional structure is a long-term process which must also receive increased support from the EU via programmes for the development of democracies and civil societies. Duration of implementation of the strategy/programme As yet, the implementation of programmes for the improvement of the living circumstances of children and young persons in Eastern European countries does not have a long tradition. The programmes presented above were initiated in the middle of the year 2000. The duration of the programme in Hungary is from 2005 to 2007, in Poland from 2006 to 2008 and in the Czech Republic from 2006 to 2008. In Lithuania, the integration programme has been designed to run over a longer period from 2005 to 2010. During the conference it was not made absolutely clear whether these programmes and topics were to be continued. For Hungary, a statement was issued that a continuation of support is intended in the case of a positive programme evaluation. In the Czech Republic, this programme is integrated into the national action plan (The Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015) and is thereby guaranteed a longer-term continuation. 117
It must however be mentioned that the structure, role and function of these programmes naturally have an influence on the determination of the most promising duration. Role of reporting and evaluation Almost no accompanying programme evaluation was undertaken in most of these countries. In the Czech Republic, an evaluation was undertaken at the beginning of the programme and positive effects in areas with active NGOs established. In Hungary, the results were directly measurable following culmination of the project through placement figures, as it was possible to place 75 % of participants within the first employment market. Evaluations are however imperative for the realisation of strategic programme development as they provide information on the initial situation and the effects during the progress of the programmes and permit modifications to be made in programme structure or management during implementation. Follow-up programmes can also be better developed if valid information on previous programmes is available. For this reason, the establishment of national reporting and evaluation of individual programmes can be seen as an important result of this conference. Spatial orientation of programmes/strategies Following the collapse of the socialistic regimes in Eastern Europe, similar tendencies became visible in most of these countries: the restructuring of the socialist economy led to a loss of social security through increasing unemployment levels. As a result, a large social stratum of people in need who were excluded from the traditional enterprise-based social benefits developed in these countries (cf. Kaufmann 2003: 80). As these changes affected large areas of society and almost all population strata, the social problem complexes in these countries were not confined to certain urban districts which appeared to be disconnected to the cities as a whole. It was rural areas which experienced the greatest economic decline and this led to a large-scale migration of predominantly younger inhabitants. For this reason, experience of socio-environmentally oriented programmes from Western Europe adapted to Eastern European countries can also become effective as preventative measures in the development of strategies countering segregation in urban districts. A recapitulation of the findings established makes it clear that the transfer of successful national programmes aimed at disadvantaged children and young persons to other countries can be highly promising. The European cross-border exchange of information must take into account the individual general conditions of social welfare and institutions which above all have an effect on the management practices in the development and implementation of programmes and strategies. This is above all a decisive factor in the development and implementation of integration programmes in formerly socialist EU countries. Participative processes are not utilised here to the same extent as in Western European countries; this can be explained by the as yet short historical experience with Westerninfluenced democratic procedures. Here it is important to realise that civil society 118
Page 2 and 3:
EU Congress “Children and Young P
Page 4:
Table of Contents Introduction ....
Page 7 and 8:
state concepts produce different na
Page 9 and 10:
highlighted the importance of small
Page 11 and 12:
Programme EU Congress “Children a
Page 13 and 14:
WG 4: Cross-departmental strategies
Page 15 and 16:
Working Group 1: Education Presenta
Page 17 and 18:
promoted, respecting the voice of y
Page 19 and 20:
cooperation with each other. Unfort
Page 21 and 22:
coordination of skills, are aimed a
Page 23 and 24:
Question for Discussion − How to
Page 25 and 26:
22 3. The encouragement and strengt
Page 27 and 28:
The other major obstacle for youngs
Page 29 and 30:
History The project was based on a
Page 31 and 32:
The innovative outcome of the proje
Page 33 and 34:
There are four broad reasons why we
Page 35 and 36:
In youth work and adult education o
Page 37 and 38:
For those who remain on Youthreach
Page 39 and 40:
Working Group 3: Multicultural Livi
Page 41 and 42:
Good results are achieved in locali
Page 43 and 44:
education with her friends. The sup
Page 45 and 46:
Presentation Lithuania Tadas Leonč
Page 47 and 48:
Key policy programmes concerning na
Page 49 and 50:
Presentation Europarat Kathrin Grot
Page 51 and 52:
− Participation Symposium 25th -
Page 53 and 54:
Report working group 3: Multicultur
Page 55 and 56:
Working Group 4: Cross-departmental
Page 57 and 58:
Example of local implementation - N
Page 59 and 60:
Presentation France Philippe Choffe
Page 61 and 62:
These facts demand ambitious measur
Page 63 and 64:
25 boarding school projects were se
Page 65 and 66:
Presentation United Kingdom Kate Mo
Page 67 and 68:
Evaluator’s Perspective In conclu
Page 69 and 70: national observation authority. Bri
Page 71 and 72: Working group 5: Local strategies f
Page 73 and 74: projects for young people. The LOS
Page 75 and 76: targeted a total of 332,004 persons
Page 77 and 78: employment, these young persons are
Page 79 and 80: the granting of a subsidy to enable
Page 81 and 82: S (Strengths)• Effective approach
Page 83 and 84: Two further Adele Lavoro projects r
Page 85 and 86: Implementation in London In London,
Page 87 and 88: Report for working group 5: Local s
Page 89 and 90: Prof. Salvador Parrado, Governance
Page 91 and 92: What is governance? • reflects a
Page 93 and 94: Prof. Rainer Kilb, Fachhochschule M
Page 95 and 96: anomic developments and, secondly,
Page 97 and 98: Three factors have a particularly p
Page 99 and 100: • individual encouragement of tal
Page 101 and 102: Literature • Principle of transve
Page 103 and 104: These developments need relatively
Page 105 and 106: that was struck in 2005 on matters
Page 107 and 108: conventional aspirations in illegal
Page 109 and 110: premises practical concepts have pr
Page 111 and 112: Dr. Susann Burchardt, Dr. Heike Fö
Page 113 and 114: It is self-evident that the first g
Page 115 and 116: spanning the fields of education, h
Page 117 and 118: The various functions of programmes
Page 119: Lithuania is by its own account ori
Page 123 and 124: 120 2. National action strategies a
Page 125 and 126: Literature professional standards s
Page 127 and 128: Carmona Maria Instituto de Apoio à
Page 129 and 130: Knudsen John Vinter Youth Guidance
Page 131 and 132: Rombach Jürgen Stadt Eschweiler De
Page 133 and 134: Speakers Surname First name Organis
Page 135 and 136: Project fair Ausstellergruppe Surna
Page 137 and 138: Frankreich Douat Rémi L'atelier Jo
show all

download - Deutsches Jugendinstitut e.V.

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?