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emmanuel reynaud holy virility the social construction of masculinity

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severs a part <strong>of</strong> himself which he calls 'woman', and <strong>the</strong>n<br />

appropriates a woman to reconstitute, in <strong>the</strong> couple, <strong>the</strong><br />

mutilated human being. Having created <strong>the</strong> sex categories and<br />

begun to define <strong>the</strong>m, all that is left is for <strong>the</strong> narrator to finish<br />

<strong>of</strong>f his work with a striking myth: original sin.<br />

The story is very well known but is generally taken at face value,<br />

without being examined critically. Yet <strong>the</strong> scene depicts <strong>the</strong><br />

archetypal heterosexual patriarchal relationship. Man, who is<br />

already minus a 'rib', is parted from his sexuality, symbolised by<br />

a snake. With <strong>the</strong> help <strong>of</strong> deception ―call it smooth talk― and<br />

with <strong>the</strong> phallus snake as go-between, «More crafty than any<br />

wild creature that <strong>the</strong> Lord God had made» (ΙΙΙ:1) man seduces<br />

woman and toge<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong>y discover 'good and evil'. This odd way<br />

<strong>of</strong> making love in a threesome, <strong>the</strong> phallus, <strong>the</strong> woman and <strong>the</strong><br />

man, which is presented as <strong>the</strong> first sexual relationship, is in<br />

reality <strong>the</strong> standard heterosexual relationship and is<br />

institutionalised as such:<br />

«Then <strong>the</strong> Lord God said to <strong>the</strong> snake: 'Because you have<br />

done this you are accursed more than all cattle and all wild<br />

creatures. On your belly you shall crawl, and dust you shall<br />

eat all <strong>the</strong> days <strong>of</strong> your life.' » (ΙΙΙ-14)<br />

Male sexuality, confined to <strong>the</strong> penis, is reduced to less than<br />

nothing¯and that is not all:<br />

«I will put enmity between you and <strong>the</strong> woman between<br />

your brood and hers.They shall strike at your head and you<br />

shall strike at <strong>the</strong>ir heel.»(ΙΙΙ: 15)<br />

[ Introduction /12 ]<br />

If we bear in mind <strong>the</strong> fact that, in <strong>the</strong> Bible, ''foot'' is <strong>of</strong>ten used<br />

as a euphemism for sexual organ, we can imagine what <strong>the</strong><br />

woman's 'heel' represents ... <strong>the</strong> image <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> head <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> penis<br />

crushing <strong>the</strong> vulva on its way into <strong>the</strong> vagina plainly evokes <strong>the</strong><br />

heterosexual relationship within patriarchy. And it is once this<br />

type <strong>of</strong> relationship is institutionalised that <strong>the</strong> creation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

categories 'man' and 'woman' becomes complete.<br />

«To <strong>the</strong> woman he said 'I will increase your labout and your<br />

groaning and in labour you will bear children. You shall be<br />

eager for your husband and he shall be your master.»(ΙΙΙ:<br />

16)<br />

Not one word is superfluous in <strong>the</strong> definition <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> life <strong>of</strong><br />

woman: suffering, giving birth <strong>of</strong>ten and in pain, and an<br />

irresistible 'desire' to be dominated by a man. As for man, he,<br />

apart from <strong>the</strong> fact that he dominateg a woman, is definitely<br />

identified with <strong>the</strong> human species, and his life is presented as a<br />

daily struggle:<br />

«And to <strong>the</strong> man he said: 'because se you have listened to<br />

your wife and have eaten from <strong>the</strong> tree which I forbade you,<br />

accursed shall be <strong>the</strong> ground on your account. With labour

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