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emmanuel reynaud holy virility the social construction of masculinity

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appropriation <strong>of</strong> women means that any woman who has not<br />

been already clearly taken is available for a man to appropriate<br />

at any moment. That is, she is constantly threatened―<br />

physically as well ―with appropriation (until it occurs, when she<br />

is granted a relative respite). Seeing <strong>the</strong> situation in a more<br />

individual light, one could say that, like <strong>the</strong> mafioso who<br />

instigates a rule <strong>of</strong> terror in order to justify his racket, man<br />

creates a reign <strong>of</strong> fear to enable him to protect: he rapes <strong>the</strong><br />

o<strong>the</strong>rs to be daddy to one ― moreover, does he not make <strong>the</strong><br />

distinction himself between <strong>the</strong> women he 'screws' and <strong>the</strong><br />

woman he marries?<br />

Once a woman has been exclusively appropriated, man<br />

guarantees his 'protection' but retains <strong>the</strong> threat that he might<br />

withdraw it, at <strong>the</strong> same time making himself necessary and<br />

trying to treat 'his' woman as a child. This process is part <strong>of</strong> a<br />

global ideology according to which a woman is not supposed to<br />

be capable <strong>of</strong> looking after herself. We can see it expressed in a<br />

range <strong>of</strong> activities from filling in a tax form, which she is<br />

considered incapable <strong>of</strong> doing by herself, or mending a fuse,<br />

which she is not supposed to know about, to driving a car,<br />

which she is bound to crash into a brick wall. That man himself<br />

may skid on a wet road, or not know <strong>the</strong> different between 13<br />

and 15 amps or has not got a clue about tax law, makes no<br />

difference. It is enough that Alan Jones, Thomas Edison and <strong>the</strong><br />

Chancellor <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Exchequer are men, for any man to feel that<br />

driving, electricity and <strong>the</strong> tax system are biologically<br />

impregnated in him. Woman should not have to be told twice<br />

and should be happy among her pots and pans in <strong>the</strong> kitchen―<br />

'Don't touch that! I'm coming!' He is a man, <strong>the</strong>refore he knows<br />

and he acts.<br />

Of course, given <strong>the</strong> rate at which traditional values are losing<br />

credibility nowadays, man's image as <strong>the</strong> all-powerful protector<br />

has become somewhat tarnished. But even so, it still holds<br />

sway: <strong>the</strong> saviours and supermen remain high in <strong>the</strong> charts <strong>of</strong><br />

men's fantasies, and <strong>the</strong> medieval knights have simply been<br />

transformed into crusaders <strong>of</strong> domestic cleanliness. The<br />

procedure remains exactly <strong>the</strong> same: man 'proves' his love by<br />

overcoming difficulties, woman shows her gratitude by placing<br />

herself entirely at his disposal. He proudly invents washing<br />

powder, and she does <strong>the</strong> washing.<br />

[The daddy and <strong>the</strong> rapist / 73]<br />

Man does not acquire a woman only by 'protecting' her, he also<br />

provides for her. Daddy is generous, he feeds and houses, but<br />

underneath this magnanimous exterior ―which he sometimes<br />

emphasises― he is, in reality, concealing his attempts to<br />

prevent a woman surviving unless she serves him. Indeed,<br />

whe<strong>the</strong>r in <strong>the</strong> guise <strong>of</strong> fa<strong>the</strong>r, husband, boss or lover, man<br />

generally does his best to discourage a woman from working for<br />

a salary― if she insists, or if <strong>the</strong> couple need <strong>the</strong> money, it will<br />

only be as a secondary income. She thus becomes more<br />

dependent on him or on ano<strong>the</strong>r member <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> man class, to<br />

provide for her vital needs.

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