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emmanuel reynaud holy virility the social construction of masculinity

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Ignorance and mutilation<br />

For a long time woman's sex organ was considered by<br />

scientists to be 'nothing' in itself; <strong>the</strong> vulva being only <strong>the</strong><br />

entrance to <strong>the</strong> vagina. which in turn was a mere r&ipiint for <strong>the</strong><br />

penis. It was only in <strong>the</strong> twentieth century that in <strong>the</strong> West it was<br />

recognised in scientific circles that not only did woman have a<br />

sex organ but also that it functioned, anatomically, more or less<br />

like a man's. Kinsey remarks, in Sexual Behaviour in <strong>the</strong> Human<br />

Female:<br />

«In brief, we conclude that <strong>the</strong> anatomic structures which<br />

are most essential to sexual response and orgasm, are<br />

nearly identical in <strong>the</strong> human female and male. The<br />

differences are relatively few. They are associated with <strong>the</strong><br />

different functions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sexes in reoroductive processes,<br />

but <strong>the</strong>y are <strong>of</strong> no great significance in <strong>the</strong> origins and<br />

development <strong>of</strong> sexual response and orgasm.»[1]<br />

More recently, <strong>the</strong> sexplogists Masters and Johnson have also<br />

emphasised <strong>the</strong> similanty between <strong>the</strong> physiological reactions<br />

in <strong>the</strong> male and <strong>the</strong> female genital organs.<br />

«The parallels in reaction to effective sexual stimulation<br />

emphasises <strong>the</strong> physiologic similarities in male and female<br />

responses ra<strong>the</strong>r than <strong>the</strong> differences. Aside from obvious<br />

anatomic variants, men and women are homogenous in<br />

<strong>the</strong>ir physiologic responses to sexual stimuli. »[2]<br />

Taking clinical observations and recent research as a basis, it is<br />

possible to compare <strong>the</strong> reactions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> two sexual organs<br />

during sexual stimulation. It is obviously not a matter <strong>of</strong> going<br />

into a detailed description <strong>of</strong> all <strong>the</strong> anatomical reactions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

various elements which compose <strong>the</strong> genital organs ― labia<br />

clitoris, scrotum, testicles, etc. ―we shall concentrate only on<br />

<strong>the</strong> movements <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> vagina and <strong>the</strong> penis, as <strong>the</strong>y are <strong>the</strong> two<br />

organs which <strong>the</strong> male imagination focuses on.<br />

[Man and his penis / 33]<br />

As far as <strong>the</strong> vagina is concerned, any sexual stimulation<br />

causes a rush <strong>of</strong> blood and induces a discharge; <strong>the</strong> vagina<br />

secretes and grows noticeably in size. As <strong>the</strong> excitement<br />

becomes more intense, a fresh rush <strong>of</strong> blood causes <strong>the</strong><br />

external third to dilate, this is what Masters and Johnson call<br />

<strong>the</strong> 'orgasmic plateau'; in o<strong>the</strong>r words, it becomes firmer and<br />

takes on a more definite shape. Finally, during orgasm, it<br />

contracts frequently and regularly around <strong>the</strong> orgasmic plateau,

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