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emmanuel reynaud holy virility the social construction of masculinity

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Man has a s<strong>of</strong>t spot for <strong>the</strong> uniform <strong>of</strong> daddy, it satisfies him in<br />

many and various ways: daddy knows and does what is best for<br />

women, and at <strong>the</strong> same time he fea<strong>the</strong>rs his own nest. On <strong>the</strong><br />

material level, <strong>the</strong> activities which involve, amongst o<strong>the</strong>r<br />

things, creating 'woman', and making woman understand what<br />

<strong>the</strong>y could be, generally also lead to an interesting combination<br />

<strong>of</strong> work conditions, remuneration and prestige. But, even when<br />

<strong>the</strong>se pr<strong>of</strong>essions ―ideologist, psychoanalyst, film director,<br />

photographer, etc.― are not open to him, daddy always has <strong>the</strong><br />

possibility <strong>of</strong> appropriating a woman to attend to his needs,<br />

those <strong>of</strong> his family and his property. On a more spiritual level,<br />

realising his fantasies in a human being gives him a great sense<br />

<strong>of</strong> satisfaction, even though his image can be disappointing: 'Oh<br />

<strong>the</strong> despair <strong>of</strong> Pygmalion, who could have created a statue and<br />

made only a woman!' [8]<br />

Through <strong>the</strong> creation and possession <strong>of</strong> a personalised object<br />

or a concept, man displays <strong>the</strong> symbol <strong>of</strong> his success: 'his<br />

woman'. The connoisseur is able to recognise <strong>the</strong> artist's<br />

hallmark, or <strong>the</strong> academic a well-polished <strong>the</strong>ory, and <strong>the</strong> skilled<br />

creator, <strong>the</strong> happy proprietor, is admired for his mastery and<br />

envied for his comfort. But, in spite <strong>of</strong> all <strong>the</strong> advantages, man is<br />

generally not content with <strong>the</strong> status <strong>of</strong> daddy; for he also has<br />

'natural desires' which need satisfying, and, in any case, only<br />

his penis can truly confirm his appropriation: at this point daddy<br />

becomes rapist.<br />

[The daddy and <strong>the</strong> rapist / 79]<br />

Possessing <strong>the</strong> desired object<br />

Man does not always wear <strong>the</strong> seemingly reassuring expression<br />

<strong>of</strong> daddy. He has ano<strong>the</strong>r less presentable side, <strong>the</strong> (badly)<br />

hidden side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> penis: his so-called 'natural desires' which<br />

will inevitably drive him to rape, or, to speak less crudely, to<br />

fuck a woman without asking her consent. In fact, his attitude<br />

has nothing much to do with nature, it serves above all to<br />

disguise <strong>the</strong> simple fact that, when he wants to use a woman for<br />

sexual purposes, man has little concern for her feelings; he only<br />

takes into consideration his own desires and apprehensions<br />

about <strong>the</strong> 'act'. If his fantasies and obsession with possession<br />

drive him to appropriate a woman, it is only his fears, his<br />

shyness, or his ethics which may hold him back and not a<br />

woman's refusal― besides, when a woman says no, is she not<br />

supposed to mean yes? When man makes a woman into <strong>the</strong><br />

object <strong>of</strong> desire, he is <strong>of</strong>ten prepared to go to any lengths in<br />

order to 'possess' her sexually.

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