ICT and e-business in the tourism industry ICT adoption ... - empirica

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Tourism Exhibit 3-21: Sourcing and procurement processes supported by specific ICT solutions 100 80 60 40 20 0 69 Finding suppliers in the market 63 58 58 Inviting suppliers to quote prices 76 75 Ordering goods/services 2 7 Running online auctions Tourism (EU-10) All 10 sectors (EU-10) Base (100%): Companies using specific ICT solutions for e-procurement. N (for sector, EU-10) = 89. Weighting: in % of firms. Questionnaire reference: E8. Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2006) Main location of suppliers in e-procurement Most tourism companies report that they order online mainly from suppliers in their own country, but with no special focus on their own region. About 59% of tourism companies that order online consider national suppliers as their main geographic market for procurement activities, compared to 26% and 16% which identified, respectively, regional and international suppliers (see Exhibit 3-22). Overall, these results are comparable to the other sectors studied this year by e-Business W@tch. Again, there are significant variations between different tourism sub-sectors: e-procurement from regional suppliers is most important in gastronomy and from international suppliers it is most important for travel agencies and tour operators. 56
Tourism Exhibit 3-22: Main location of suppliers in e-procurement 0 20 40 60 80 100 Total Tourism (EU-10) 26 59 16 Micro (1-9 empl.) 17 70 13 Small (10-49 empl.) 18 67 15 Medium (50-249 empl.) 20 69 11 Large (250+ empl.) 36 48 16 Accommodation sector 14 76 10 Gastronomy 26 65 8 Travel agencies & tour operators 10 65 25 All 10 sectors (EU-10) 24 64 12 Mainly regional Mainly national Mainly international Base (100%): Companies placing orders online (without "don't know"). N (for sector, EU-10) = 421. Weighting: Totals (for the sector and for all 10 sectors) are weighted by employment and should be read as "enterprises comprising …% of employment in the sector(s)". Figures for size-bands are in % of enterprises from the size-band. Figures for tourism sub-sectors are in % of enterprises from the respective sub-sector. Questionnaire reference: E5. Source: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2006) Impact of e-sourcing on supplier selection As in previous years, e-Business W@tch asked companies that use e-procurement whether this has had an impact on the selection of suppliers, i.e. whether the number of suppliers has rather increased or decreased due to their e-procurement activities, or whether this was without impact on the number of suppliers. A majority of companies from the tourism industry (about 63%), as in most sectors studied this year, reported that e-procurement does not have an effect on the number of suppliers. However, 36% of tourism enterprises declared that the number has increased, which is higher than the respective all-sectors average of 26%. It appears that e-sourcing has helped companies finding new suppliers in the market; in other words, the market transparency in the tourism industry has increased. At the same time, the number of firms which say that they have consolidated their suppliers’ base is negligible (less than 1%). This finding is somewhat in conflict with the fact that many large firms which have established (or are establishing) sophisticated e-procurement schemes have the explicit objective to streamline their supplier base. ICT empowers them to bundle procurement activities of different establishments or even branches in order to exploit economies of scale. However, previous sector studies by e-Business W@tch have already shown that it is hardly possible to support this evidence by data from the e-Business Survey. The main 57
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Sector Report No. 8/2006 ICT and e-
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Tourism Table of Contents Executive
Page 5 and 6: Tourism Executive Summary Objective
Page 7 and 8: Tourism Ongoing market consolidatio
Page 9 and 10: Tourism 1 Introduction 1.1 About e-
Page 11 and 12: Tourism Methodology e-Business W@tc
Page 13 and 14: Tourism The 10 sectors studied in 2
Page 15 and 16: Tourism Exhibit 1-2: Process compon
Page 17 and 18: Tourism have a major impact, as the
Page 19 and 20: Tourism 2 Context and Background 2.
Page 21 and 22: Tourism 2.2 Industry background Tou
Page 23 and 24: Tourism Demographic changes and con
Page 25 and 26: Tourism Increasing importance of mo
Page 27 and 28: Tourism Need for stronger networkin
Page 29 and 30: Tourism 3.1 Use of and Access to IC
Page 31 and 32: Tourism Exhibit 3-2: Networks and p
Page 33 and 34: Tourism Exhibit 3-3: Demand for ICT
Page 35 and 36: Tourism Exhibit 3-4: Outsourcing an
Page 37 and 38: Tourism No figures are available on
Page 39 and 40: Tourism Exhibit 3-8: Use of e-stand
Page 41 and 42: Tourism In the tourism industry, ab
Page 43 and 44: Tourism Hence, if decision makers i
Page 45 and 46: Tourism In general, the rather low
Page 47 and 48: Tourism between different sub-secto
Page 49 and 50: Tourism Exhibit 3-15: Online cooper
Page 51 and 52: Tourism Exhibit 3-17: Adoption of e
Page 53 and 54: Tourism tourism sub-sectors covered
Page 55: Tourism Exhibit 3-20: Main type of
Page 59 and 60: Tourism companies which have their
Page 61 and 62: Tourism 3.6.1 Companies receiving o
Page 63 and 64: Tourism whether they used rather "s
Page 65 and 66: Tourism 3.6.2 e-Integration of mark
Page 67 and 68: Tourism 3.7 ICT and Innovation To e
Page 69 and 70: Tourism 3.8 Drivers and Inhibitors
Page 71 and 72: Tourism 3.8.2 Barriers to e-busines
Page 73 and 74: Tourism 3.9 Summary of the quantita
Page 75 and 76: Tourism In 2006, results for some i
Page 77 and 78: Tourism abandonment of paper ticket
Page 79 and 80: Tourism savings to the consumers; c
Page 81 and 82: Tourism 4.1.4 Growth, mergers and a
Page 83 and 84: Tourism CASE STUDY: RE-INTERMEDIATI
Page 85 and 86: Tourism Exhibit 4-3: The booking re
Page 87 and 88: Tourism situated in attractive and
Page 89 and 90: Tourism CASE STUDY: SUCCESSFUL INTE
Page 91 and 92: Tourism rural tourism to flourish a
Page 93 and 94: Tourism LCTA was very successful in
Page 95 and 96: Tourism CASE STUDY: RE-INTERMEDIATI
Page 97 and 98: Tourism of about 2.2%. Its main com
Page 99 and 100: Tourism Enhancing real-time vacancy
Page 101 and 102: Tourism CASE STUDY: CONTROLLING THE
Page 103 and 104: Tourism Instead of reducing costs f
Page 105 and 106: Tourism Whereas today, the visible
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Tourism way Accor adopted a two-tie
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Tourism 4.2 Dynamic Packaging 4.2.1
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Tourism The legal dimension, which
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Tourism No such solutions can be fo
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Tourism DP Market All market observ
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Tourism CASE STUDY: IMPLEMENTING DY
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Tourism Exhibit 4-16: Technology bu
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Tourism References Research for thi
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Tourism continue to operate, as the
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Tourism Exhibit 4-18: Customer driv
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Tourism References Research for thi
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Tourism customer uptake is expected
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Tourism such as Germanwings, Hapag-
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Tourism Intermediaries in ticket sa
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Tourism ticket.” (Matthias van Le
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Tourism terms of a considerable red
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Tourism CASE STUDY: ICT-DEPLOYMENT
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Tourism Encouraging passengers to t
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Tourism CASE STUDY: E-TICKETING AT
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Tourism e-Business activities SN Br
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Tourism implementation of a dedicat
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Tourism The case study about SN Bru
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Tourism Exhibit 5-1: Perceived over
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Tourism The influence of outsourcin
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Tourism Exhibit 5-4: Companies obse
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Tourism figures are considerably ab
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Tourism Background information: Mic
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Tourism mere availability of multip
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Tourism ICT impact on competition E
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Tourism 5.2.1 Policies to counterac
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Tourism loans, venture capital or p
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Tourism References Books and scient
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Tourism Röglein, D.; Rodriguez, M.
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Tourism Reise & Preise online (2004
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Tourism Annex I: The e-Business Sur
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Tourism Fieldwork Fieldwork was coo
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Tourism Feedback from interviewers
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Tourism The use of filter questions
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Tourism The e-Business Scoreboard 2
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Tourism Annex II: Expanded Tables -
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Tourism Exhibit A2-2: Demand for IC
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Tourism Exhibit A2-4: Companies rec
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Tourism Annex III: Glossary of Tech
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Tourism Modem MRO goods OOS Process
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Contact information: European Commi
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