Immunization and child health materials development guide pdf

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Special Advantages of the Web. The Web is a virtual library of information available to any user who has access to the Internet. If you develop electronic material, you can put it on the Web to further increase its availability around the world. • Once your computer files are on the Web, they can be accessed from any Internet computer. • Users don’t have to wait for you to mail them a document; they can usually download it right away. • Materials on the Web are easy to update. Users can always get the latest versions, at little extra cost to you. • The Web can offer immediate communication between you and users, through email, and between users and other users, through interactive Web forums. b. Disadvantages of Computer-based Materials. Although computer-based media can be fun to create and distribute, the medium still has a few disadvantages that might make you less likely to consider it for your project. As computers continue to improve and their use becomes more widespread, however, these barriers may disappear and make computer-based media a more attractive option. • Computers are much less common than VCRs, TVs, radios, and cassette players. They are more expensive and more difficult to maintain. Desktop computers are not as portable as those other devices. And laptop computer screens can be difficult to view, especially for groups. • Many users, especially those in developing countries, do not have access to the Web or may find it too expensive or slow to use regularly. • Computers have not been standardized in the same ways as VCRs and cassette players. Users can have many different computer setups, and electronic products may appear differently on different machines. New software may not perform well on older computers. • Less experienced users may need your help in installing or using the software they need to view your materials electronically. • Printouts usually are not the same quality as materials from a printing press. Many users will not be able to print in color. • Testing computer materials is more difficult than testing other media because it is harder to “see” everything in the product. • For multimedia and interactive media, you first need to create the separate print, audio, and video products you plan to use before you create the electronic materials. Computer media do not offer any shortcuts. • Creating multimedia materials requires expertise in image, audio, and video processing on the computer. Creating interactive materials and Web sites often requires computer programming skills. You may need to hire consultants for this. Page 49
WHEN SHOULD I CREATE COMPUTER-BASED MATERIALS? Generally, use the least-complicated communication product needed to achieve your goal. Sometimes computer-based products are the right choice. Three criteria you must meet to justify the time and energy required to create computer-based products are: • You want to complement other media you are producing, such as when you distribute electronic versions of printed documents, or you need interactive logic to accomplish your objective (see the section on interactive products below). and • You’re certain that your audience can use computer-based products. This means that they already have computers and know how to use and maintain them. Their computers also must be up to the challenge of your product—for example, their processor speed and hard drive space are adequate; they have a sound card and speakers for multimedia; they have a CD-ROM drive, if needed. and • You’re ready to support users by helping with installation and trouble-shooting. This is especially true for multimedia and interactive products. 2. Decide What Type of Material to Produce. Following is an overview of the three most common types of computer-based products: distribution, multimedia, and interactive. While you may find different names for these materials, the general principles of each still apply. All of these products can include existing or new electronic files. You will need to convert existing print, audio, and video products into computer files before adding them to a computer-based product—or hire a consultant who is already an expert in that process. a. Distribution Products. This is the simplest form of computer media. It can be as simple as a collection of files on a floppy disk. Or you may wish to add a simple interface—what the user sees on the screen—to help users identify and access the files on the disk. Explaining the advantages of distribution media is perhaps best done by example. The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) recently created a CD-ROM containing electronic versions of many immunization-related print documents, a nice collection of photos from UNICEF, and the full contents of the GAVI and Gates Children’s Vaccine Program at PATH Web sites. 29 • Easy to Use. The CD-ROM was created to make it easy for users to search for immunization-related materials and print or share electronic copies, as needed. Users can also view, and use, the photos without requiring that GAVI pay for expensive photo printing. This is important because most users might never need the photos. And, even users who do not have Web access can use the hundreds of documents available on the Web sites included in the CD-ROM. Page 50
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Immunization and Child Health Mater
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immunization and child health mater
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Table of Contents Page A Letter fro
Page 10 and 11:
Materials development is especially
Page 12 and 13: The Guide explores qualitative rese
Page 14 and 15: Step 1. Plan Your Project The first
Page 16 and 17: THE CREATIVE BRIEF 3 A creative bri
Page 18 and 19: Figure 1. Sample Materials Developm
Page 20 and 21: Step 2. Identify and Study Your Aud
Page 22 and 23: • Fieldworkers, traditional birth
Page 24 and 25: 2. Define Your Audience by Stages o
Page 26 and 27: B. Determine Informational Needs of
Page 28 and 29: 2. Decide Which Method Best Meets Y
Page 30 and 31: In-Depth: Effective Qualitative Res
Page 32 and 33: • Ask participants to imagine som
Page 34 and 35: Figure 11. Principles of Question D
Page 36 and 37: Figure 12. Tips for the Facilitator
Page 38 and 39: Figure 14. Example of Organizing FG
Page 40 and 41: immunization. Make sure the questio
Page 42 and 43: 3. Identify Patterns. As the facili
Page 44 and 45: SUMMARY OF FOCUS GROUP PHASES Phase
Page 46 and 47: Figure 17. Organizing Your Notes 22
Page 48 and 49: Step 3. Develop Messages
Page 50 and 51: A meeting with policy-makers may be
Page 52 and 53: Figure 18. Guidelines for Designing
Page 54 and 55: Step 4. Create Draft Materials Keep
Page 56 and 57: The artist can prepare more than on
Page 58 and 59: C. Video Materials Producing a vide
Page 60 and 61: VIDEO Same expert demonstrates Solo
Page 64 and 65: • Easy to Create. A single person
Page 66 and 67: MAKE AN INTERACTIVE, “BRANCHING
Page 68 and 69: - Get Outside Help, If You Need It.
Page 70 and 71: Step 5. Pretest and Revise Draft Ma
Page 72 and 73: B. Measuring Variables Pretesting m
Page 74 and 75: Figure 25. Drafts of an ORS Message
Page 76 and 77: Page 62
Page 78 and 79: In-Depth: Effective Pretesting 1. P
Page 80 and 81: Low-Literate Materials Pretest Form
Page 82 and 83: Using the Pretest Data Sheet. Use t
Page 84 and 85: A response to a picture is consider
Page 86 and 87: Figure 30. Sample Illustration, Pre
Page 88 and 89: Figure 32. Completed Print Material
Page 90 and 91: 8) Then, multiply the answer by 100
Page 92 and 93: Figure 35. Pretesting Pattern for O
Page 94 and 95: • Introduction. Introduce yoursel
Page 96 and 97: • Written Pretest Questionnaire.
Page 98 and 99: Step 6. Produce Materials
Page 100 and 101: Economies of Scale. Often, the more
Page 102 and 103: Page 86
Page 104 and 105: Step 7. Distribute Materials and Tr
Page 106 and 107: Figure 36. Tips for Using Print Mat
Page 108 and 109: Step 8. Evaluate Materials
Page 110 and 111: Appendix 18 includes a sample evalu
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References AIDSCAP. How to Conduct
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Glossary of Acronyms AIDSCAP BCC BD
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PATH (Program for Appropriate Techn
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Appendices
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Appendix 1 Topic Guide for Focus Gr
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E. Closure 1. Review any patterns o
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Appendix 3 SMOG Readability Formula
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Leave Plenty of White Space. This m
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Use Simple Illustrations. Avoid ext
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Use Appropriate Illustrative Styles
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Appendix 5 Hiring Experts If you ha
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Sample Letter January 25, 2001 Dire
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Appendix 7 Video Camera Directions,
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22. Titles: (a) Cards, film, slides
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⇑ Clearly identify steps in a tec
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Appendix 10 Sample Questions for Pr
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Appendix 12 Pretest Data Sheet Pret
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Appendix 14 Group Pretest Answer Sh
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Appendix 16 Radio and Video Pretest
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Appendix 18 Evaluation Form Evaluat
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6. What was most useful about the G
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Immunization and child health materials development guide pdf

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