Jozani biodiversity inventory report 2002 - Coastal Forests of Kenya ...

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Where new species encountered did not fall into the plots and subplot being sampled, the respective species were recorded for addition to the plant chek-list. Land-use and condition of the habitat were noted. Human threats to the forest reserve were assessed by noting fire incidences, tree felling, ring barking, root collections for medicinal use and foot paths leading to the forest. Plant specimens were collected and taken to herbarium of the Botany Department, University of Dar es Salaam for verification of names. They will serve as voucher specimens for future references. Mounted duplicates will be returned to Jozani museum. Review of past botanical reports include Ruffo (1992), Mohammed (1999) and Pikkarainen (1991). Species concept of vascular plants follow Milne-Redhead, Polhill, Beentje et al (1952…). Consistence of vernacular names was confirmed with the field identifications and literature relevant to the flora (Ruffo, 1992; Williams, 1949). 3.1.3 Structured questionnaires and interviews Information on the various uses of resources from the study area were collected by a structured questionnaire (Appendix IV) distributed to six villages surrounding the Jozani Forest Reserve. The villages included Unguja kuu, Charawe, Kitongani, Ukongoroni and the two conflict villages of Mapopwe and Pete. For some reasons the Ukongoroni village did not respond to the questionnaire. Further information was gathered during botanical field survey and through unstructured interviews with field guides who were among our key sources of information. Indigenous knowledge is useful in the planning for conservation and managemenr of the proposed national park. Actual field observations were useful in determining wood supplies to the villages and lorries carrying both building materials and fuelwood to urban areas were observed. 3.2 Vegetation mapping 3.2.1 Interpretation and field verification The main sources of information were aerial photographs at the scale of 1:10,000 and in some cases 1:50,000. The first stage was interpretation where major topographic features and the preliminary vegetation types were identified. The second stage involved final interpretation after field verification. Interpretations were made on transparent films. GPS readings were taken in different areas with their corresponding vegetation types. All vegetation types previously identified were covered. 16
3.2.2 Digitization and rectifications The transparent films obtained from the thematic interpretation of different vegetation types were digitized using ArcInfo software. Further manipulation of digitally captured datasets e.g. area statement computation was done using ArcInfo, ArcView, and Microsoft Excel. All digitized data sets underwent the following processes: ♦ Creation of raw digitized coverage ♦ Cleaning of the coverage (identifying errors) ♦ Editing of the coverage (correcting errors) ♦ Transformation of the coverage to UTM projection ♦ Checking for sliver polygons and editing-out ♦ Coding of polygons ♦ Clipping of the coverage (to allow edge-matching to adjacent sheets) ♦ Edge match editing ♦ Production of color plot and checking Since the aerial photos were not rectified, rectification was done using control points appearing both on the existing topographic and aerial photographs. 3.3 Fauna inventory 3.3.1 Reconnaissance survey A reconnaissance survey was undertaken from 23 rd to 25 th June 2002 as a preliminary site visit and scoping exercise. Three team members Dr. C. Nahonyo, Dr. C. Msuya and Mr. B Mwasumbi pariticipated in the survey. This enabled the team to familiarize with the area and identify the major vegetation types and decide on where and how many transects to establish. The area was traversed in all directions and was found to be relatively large. It was decided that transects would be established in the major habitats and vegetation types so as to be as representative of the area as possible. Logistical arrangements for the survey were also dealt with. 3.3.2 Fauna sampling Different techniques were used to sample different groups of animals in the study area. The techniques differed in accordance with the species concerned. The techniques enabled researchers to determine presence of species, their distribution and index of abundance. The sampling protocol was based on transects (Map 6) decided during the reconnaissance survey. Due to the 17
Page 1 and 2: SERIKALI YA MAPINDUZI ZANZIBAR CARE
Page 3 and 4: 4.1.2 Floristic diversity and speci
Page 5 and 6: Figure 3: Distribution of tree heig
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgements We would like to t
Page 10 and 11: Executive Summary A biodiversity in
Page 12 and 13: are reported to occur in Chwaka Bay
Page 14 and 15: Biodiversity hotspots are biologica
Page 16 and 17: establishing a forest reserve. Thes
Page 19 and 20: Quaternary rocks have a mixture of
Page 21 and 22: joining marshes and springs. Appare
Page 25 and 26: provides human population in villag
Page 27: 3.1.2 Vegetation data collection Th
Page 32: Transect SN Name 3 Bondeni (Evergre
Page 35 and 36: 3.3.2.4 Amphibians Most amphibian s
Page 37 and 38: 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Vege
Page 39 and 40: VEGETATION CATEGORIES AND MAIN EDAP
Page 41 and 42: Jozani forest is the only large rem
Page 43 and 44: 1994). Ecological indicators are us
Page 45 and 46: conditions. Acrostichum aureum and
Page 47 and 48: Table 5: Summarized tree data for d
Page 49 and 50: ground water forest. It may also me
Page 51 and 52: production of conventional medicine
Page 53 and 54: Botanical name Vernacular name Dise
Page 55 and 56: government of Zanzibar realized tha
Page 57 and 58: Species name Medicinal Firewood Cha
Page 59 and 60: the endangered red colobus monkey.
Page 61 and 62: Zanzibar Leopard (Panthera pardus a
Page 63 and 64: including secondary thicket. The du
Page 65 and 66: habitats. The elephant shrews thoug
Page 67 and 68: Four night drive transects ran from
Page 69 and 70: Table 13: Relative abundance of som
Page 71 and 72: for limited number of animal groups
Page 73 and 74: Amphibian catch rate per 100 trap n
Page 75 and 76: Table 16: Shannon Weaver Diversity
Page 77 and 78: Animal group Common name Scientific
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2. Feeding migrations: movement awa
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- places of great attraction of lar
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In Chwaka Bay fish production by ar
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In Chwaka Bay some fishers use fish
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is given on Appendix Xa, and the nu
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5.0 EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL RESOUR
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6.0 POTENTIAL THREATS TO BIODIVERSI
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as plague. Rattus rattus have been
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given the large number of visitors
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Group Species Threats Invertebrates
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3. Immediate scientific measures sh
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14. Mangrove formations for instanc
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iodiversity conservation. Emphasis
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REFERENCES Archer, A. L. and Mwinyi
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FAO/Department of Environment Zanzi
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Migdoll, I. (1987) Field Guide to t
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UNEP (2001) Eastern Africa Atlas of
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Appendix I: Plant checklist of Joza
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FAMILY BOTANICAL NAME LOCAL NAME Gr
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FAMILY BOTANICAL NAME LOCAL NAME Gr
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Appendix II: Species abundance in h
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S/N SPECIES NAME SAMPLE TOTAL R.D R
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1 2 3 4 INDIVID (%) (%) UALS 1 Achy
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TRANSECT IX: HERBS (0.5m x 2m) S/N
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13 Rhus natalensis 3 3 5.36 5.88 14
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9 Maytenus mossambicensis 1 1 1.89
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UALS 1 Acacia mangium 1 1 1.90 6.67
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Transect Species No. of individuals
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Transect Species No. of individuals
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Appendix IV: Questionnaire Yafuatay
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(v) Taja mimea inayopendwa au inayo
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(ii) Occupation of respondents Farm
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(vi) Vegetation The figure below in
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Local name Scientific name Use Tiss
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Local name English name Use Chura F
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Frequency of mention 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
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Knowledge of transmissable disease
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Appendix VI: List of algae and seag
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Reptiles DERMOCHELYIDAE Dermochelys
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MEGADERMATIDAE Cardioderma cor Hear
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Appendix VIII: Results from trappin
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(No capture) Bucket Pitfall Traplin
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Trapping effort (No. of snaps) (No
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Appendix IXa: Brief description of
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BOTHIDAE Colour: eyed side brown, o
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HOLOCENTRIDAE Colour: usually red o
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MULLIDAE Colour: variable, ground c
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Colour: inshore scapionfishes are m
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FAMILY Species Common name CHAETODO
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SERRANIDAE Cromileptes altivelis Ba
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Epamera sidus Trimen ✪✪ Epamera
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Checklist of Dragonflies and Damsel
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SM NF WG GFP GFN THI TOTAL Papilio
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