Jozani biodiversity inventory report 2002 - Coastal Forests of Kenya ...

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micrantha contribute equally high in dominance in the wooded grassland. Rapanea melanophloeos and Albizia adianthifolia. ranked highest in transect 5 and transect 6 respectively whereas Callophylum inophyllum dominated in transects 8, 9 and 17. In transect 7 the highest dominance was recorded in Vitex doniana and Syzigium cumini dominated in transects 10 and 13. In transect 11 and transect 12 the dominating species were Olea woodiana and Bourreria petiolaris respectively. Acacia auriculiformis dominated the Acacia plantations and Casuarina equisetifolia ranked highest in transect 16. This observation whereby a certain species or group of species change in dominance from one area to another confirms that the Jozani-Chwaka Bay is heterogeneous with different habitats and vegetation types. Every type survives and performs better in the environment to which it is most adapted and most suited. ii) Shrub and Herb layer Relative densities (R.D.) and relative frequencies (R.F.) of herb and shrub species assessed for various transects are presented in Appendix II. The R.D. and R.F. values for different species varied from one community type to another depending on micro-habitat conditions operating at different scales. In the salt marsh grassland Paspalum vaginatum showed the highest dominance (R.D. > 80%) because this species is adapted to salty conditions. In transect 2 and 4, the seedlings and saplings of Olea woodiana, Macphersonia gracilis and Diospyros consolatae had highest relative density and frequency in the herb and shrub layers. High abundance of these three species in the shrub and herb layers is an indication of high regeneration potential under the prevailing conditions. In the wooded grassland Heteropogon contortus, Tephrosia pilosa and Hyparrhenia rufa were the dominant species in terms of R.D. and R.F. while the shrub layer was dominated by Annona senegalensis. This observation is due to the fact that following fire that destroyed the previous vegetation, the area is now exposed to light and many species of grasses, herbs and forbs are favoured. Many plants of Annona senegalensis in the woody layer indicates that the habitat represents secondary succession following a previous catatrophic event of fire and if no further disturbanceoccurs it may develop to a forest again. Generally, the herb and shrub layers in many vegetation types were dominated by the seedlings and saplings of the dominating trees mixed with other understorey species. This is important since presence of seedlings, saplings and the shrubs of the dominating species indicates a high regeneration potential of the habitat. This was true for all habitat types except in Callophylum and Casuarina plantation where the shrub layer was poorly represented and the herb layer was dominated by ferns. 34
Table 5: Summarized tree data for different transects representing different vegetation types in Jozani-Chwaka Bay proposed National Park Transects Attributes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total Density (stems.ha -1 ) 20.0 302.5 37.5 475.0 110.0 310.0 1097.5 475.0 345.0 157.5 230.0 157.5 315.0 237.5 440.0 202.5 530.0 320.1 Basal area (m 2 .ha -1 ) 0.02 8.43 1.2 4.89 1.37 16.3 53.49 22.35 49.06 16.98 4.75 4.09 17.01 5.23 6.32 3.29 36.57 14.79 Height ranges (m) DBH ranges (cm) 5.0 - 9.9 1 22 13 31 41 31 141 55 7 32 77 40 62 73 110 30 99 865 10.0 - 14.9 0 33 2 67 3 45 91 43 19 11 13 11 32 15 66 30 69 550 15.0 - 19.9 0 41 0 71 0 24 95 43 25 12 2 7 14 5 0 21 20 380 20 - 24.9 0 14 0 19 0 8 83 31 19 6 0 2 11 2 0 0 14 209 >25.0 0 11 0 2 0 16 29 18 68 2 0 3 7 0 0 0 10 166 10.0 - 14.9 1 49 5 61 39 51 240 18 7 20 59 29 64 55 105 58 50 911 15.0 - 19.9 0 34 5 53 5 31 35 19 11 6 18 22 21 24 64 17 68 433 20.0 - 24.9 0 22 3 43 0 11 59 38 13 3 10 7 9 11 5 6 20 260 25.0 - 29.9 0 14 2 22 0 31 12 21 19 3 3 2 10 3 1 0 20 163 30.0 - 34.9 0 0 0 4 0 0 23 11 11 10 1 1 5 1 1 0 24 92 35.0 - 39.9 0 2 0 4 0 0 31 20 27 3 0 1 7 0 0 0 21 116 >40.0 0 0 0 3 0 0 39 63 50 18 1 1 10 1 0 0 9 195 Total number of stems sampled 1 121 15 190 44 124 439 190 138 63 92 63 126 95 176 81 212 2170 Key: Transect 1: Salt mash swamp Transect 10: Edge of mangrove vegetation Transect 2 & 4: Evergreen scrub forest Transect 11: Diospyros dominated bushland and thickets Transect 3: Wooded grassland Transect 12: Forest to bushland/thicket profile Transect 5: Dry bushland and thicket Transect 13: Ground water forest: Syzigium & Eugenia dominant Transect 6: Albizia dominated forest Transect 14: Fire induced vegetation Transect 7: Ground water forest: Areca catechu (Mipopoo) dominant Transect 15: Acacia plantations Transect 8: Ground water forest: Pandanus-Elaeis dominant Transect 16: Casuarina plantations Transect 9: Calophyllum plantation Transect 17: Gmelina plantation 35
Page 1 and 2: SERIKALI YA MAPINDUZI ZANZIBAR CARE
Page 3 and 4: 4.1.2 Floristic diversity and speci
Page 5 and 6: Figure 3: Distribution of tree heig
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgements We would like to t
Page 10 and 11: Executive Summary A biodiversity in
Page 12 and 13: are reported to occur in Chwaka Bay
Page 14 and 15: Biodiversity hotspots are biologica
Page 16 and 17: establishing a forest reserve. Thes
Page 19 and 20: Quaternary rocks have a mixture of
Page 21 and 22: joining marshes and springs. Appare
Page 25 and 26: provides human population in villag
Page 27 and 28: 3.1.2 Vegetation data collection Th
Page 29: 3.2.2 Digitization and rectificatio
Page 32: Transect SN Name 3 Bondeni (Evergre
Page 35 and 36: 3.3.2.4 Amphibians Most amphibian s
Page 37 and 38: 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Vege
Page 39 and 40: VEGETATION CATEGORIES AND MAIN EDAP
Page 41 and 42: Jozani forest is the only large rem
Page 43 and 44: 1994). Ecological indicators are us
Page 45: conditions. Acrostichum aureum and
Page 49 and 50: ground water forest. It may also me
Page 51 and 52: production of conventional medicine
Page 53 and 54: Botanical name Vernacular name Dise
Page 55 and 56: government of Zanzibar realized tha
Page 57 and 58: Species name Medicinal Firewood Cha
Page 59 and 60: the endangered red colobus monkey.
Page 61 and 62: Zanzibar Leopard (Panthera pardus a
Page 63 and 64: including secondary thicket. The du
Page 65 and 66: habitats. The elephant shrews thoug
Page 67 and 68: Four night drive transects ran from
Page 69 and 70: Table 13: Relative abundance of som
Page 71 and 72: for limited number of animal groups
Page 73 and 74: Amphibian catch rate per 100 trap n
Page 75 and 76: Table 16: Shannon Weaver Diversity
Page 77 and 78: Animal group Common name Scientific
Page 79 and 80: 2. Feeding migrations: movement awa
Page 81 and 82: - places of great attraction of lar
Page 83 and 84: In Chwaka Bay fish production by ar
Page 85 and 86: In Chwaka Bay some fishers use fish
Page 87 and 88: is given on Appendix Xa, and the nu
Page 89 and 90: 5.0 EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL RESOUR
Page 91 and 92: 6.0 POTENTIAL THREATS TO BIODIVERSI
Page 93 and 94: as plague. Rattus rattus have been
Page 95 and 96: given the large number of visitors
Page 97 and 98:
Group Species Threats Invertebrates
Page 99 and 100:
3. Immediate scientific measures sh
Page 101 and 102:
14. Mangrove formations for instanc
Page 103 and 104:
iodiversity conservation. Emphasis
Page 105 and 106:
REFERENCES Archer, A. L. and Mwinyi
Page 107 and 108:
FAO/Department of Environment Zanzi
Page 109 and 110:
Migdoll, I. (1987) Field Guide to t
Page 111 and 112:
UNEP (2001) Eastern Africa Atlas of
Page 113 and 114:
Appendix I: Plant checklist of Joza
Page 115 and 116:
FAMILY BOTANICAL NAME LOCAL NAME Gr
Page 117 and 118:
FAMILY BOTANICAL NAME LOCAL NAME Gr
Page 119 and 120:
Appendix II: Species abundance in h
Page 121 and 122:
S/N SPECIES NAME SAMPLE TOTAL R.D R
Page 123 and 124:
1 2 3 4 INDIVID (%) (%) UALS 1 Achy
Page 125 and 126:
TRANSECT IX: HERBS (0.5m x 2m) S/N
Page 127 and 128:
13 Rhus natalensis 3 3 5.36 5.88 14
Page 129 and 130:
9 Maytenus mossambicensis 1 1 1.89
Page 131 and 132:
UALS 1 Acacia mangium 1 1 1.90 6.67
Page 133 and 134:
Transect Species No. of individuals
Page 135 and 136:
Transect Species No. of individuals
Page 137 and 138:
Appendix IV: Questionnaire Yafuatay
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(v) Taja mimea inayopendwa au inayo
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(ii) Occupation of respondents Farm
Page 143 and 144:
(vi) Vegetation The figure below in
Page 145 and 146:
Local name Scientific name Use Tiss
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Local name English name Use Chura F
Page 149 and 150:
Frequency of mention 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Page 151 and 152:
Knowledge of transmissable disease
Page 153 and 154:
Appendix VI: List of algae and seag
Page 155 and 156:
Reptiles DERMOCHELYIDAE Dermochelys
Page 157 and 158:
MEGADERMATIDAE Cardioderma cor Hear
Page 159 and 160:
Appendix VIII: Results from trappin
Page 161 and 162:
(No capture) Bucket Pitfall Traplin
Page 163 and 164:
Trapping effort (No. of snaps) (No
Page 165 and 166:
Appendix IXa: Brief description of
Page 167 and 168:
BOTHIDAE Colour: eyed side brown, o
Page 169 and 170:
HOLOCENTRIDAE Colour: usually red o
Page 171 and 172:
MULLIDAE Colour: variable, ground c
Page 173 and 174:
Colour: inshore scapionfishes are m
Page 175 and 176:
FAMILY Species Common name CHAETODO
Page 177 and 178:
SERRANIDAE Cromileptes altivelis Ba
Page 179 and 180:
Epamera sidus Trimen ✪✪ Epamera
Page 181 and 182:
Checklist of Dragonflies and Damsel
Page 183 and 184:
SM NF WG GFP GFN THI TOTAL Papilio
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