Jozani biodiversity inventory report 2002 - Coastal Forests of Kenya ...

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Number of species 41 50 44 27 Mammals Reptiles Amphibians 231 Fish Lepidoptera 157 Odonata Figure 8: Number of species for various animal groups occurring in Zanzibar. Most of these species are recorded in Jozani Forest and surrounding areas. Fish records are from Chwaka Bay only (Source: variuos sources including Moreau and Pakenham 1941; Pakenham, 1984; FAO, 1984a, 1984b, 1984c, 1984d; Archer et al, 1991 and this survey) Table 14: Shannon Weaver diversity index (H') for all species captured in traps in the 8 sampled transects in Jozani Forest, Zanzibar (H' max = 1.2553) Transect H' 1 Wangwani (forest) 0.7445 2 Wangwani (wooded grassland) 0.5796 3 Bondeni (forest) 0.3305 4 Jozani (ground water forest plantation) 0.8335 5 Tovu (ground water forest) 0.7553 6 Unguja Ukuu (forest plantation) 0.3360 7 Mapopwe (coral rag forest) 0.6734 8 Kichanga (Bushland thicket on mangrove forest edge) 0.3756 sufficient food and cover. However some animals may occur in less desirable habitats mainly due to loss of habitat or disturbances in the desirable areas. The forest habitat is particularly important for primates and prosimians and also other animal groups such as bushpigs, shrews, elephant shrews, bats, amphibians and invertebrates. The forest is the habitat which harbours a high diversity of species and animal groups. Other habitat types tend to be supposedly ideal 58
for limited number of animal groups or species generally due to resources limitations and other environmental attributes. Table 15: Distribution of different habitats in Jozani - Chwaka Bay proposed National Park, Zanzibar Species F WG GWF FP BT TF SM MF Red Colobus * * * * * * Aders Duiker * * * Blue Duiker * * * * Suni * * * * * Bushpigs * * * * * * Galagos * * * * Elephant shrews * * * * Shrews * * * * * * * Bats * * * * * * Sykes Monkey * * * * * Amphibians * * * * * * * * Molluscs * * * * * * * * Lepidoptera * * * * * * * * Odonata * * * * * * * * Orthoptera * * * * * * * * Legend: F = forest, WG = wooded grassland, GWF = ground water forest, FP = forest plantation, BT = bushland thicket on mangrove forest edge, TF = thicket and forest, SM = salt marsh, MF = mangrove forest 4.2.5 Animal movement and migration Jozani forest and surrounding areas are remnants of the rain forest and receives a substantial amount of rain during the long and short rains. As such variation in environmental parameters like humidity and temperature variation is low (UNEP, 2001). This tends to make the seasonal differences minimal. Most of the forest remains evergreen. Plants produce fresh leaves, flowers and fruits for most of the year depending on phenology. Animals therefore are able to get their requirements in the same area for most of the year. Daily, short term movements are exhibited by some animals in search of food and shelter or water. In certain situations animals are forced to move from one area to another due to human disturbances such as hunting. These movements are generally confined within the forest area or may extend outside in some places for certain species. For most species particularly large mammals, heavily hunted and shy animals, areas outside protected areas are encroached and 59
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SERIKALI YA MAPINDUZI ZANZIBAR CARE
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4.1.2 Floristic diversity and speci
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Figure 3: Distribution of tree heig
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Acknowledgements We would like to t
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Executive Summary A biodiversity in
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are reported to occur in Chwaka Bay
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Biodiversity hotspots are biologica
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establishing a forest reserve. Thes
Page 19 and 20: Quaternary rocks have a mixture of
Page 21 and 22: joining marshes and springs. Appare
Page 25 and 26: provides human population in villag
Page 27 and 28: 3.1.2 Vegetation data collection Th
Page 29: 3.2.2 Digitization and rectificatio
Page 32: Transect SN Name 3 Bondeni (Evergre
Page 35 and 36: 3.3.2.4 Amphibians Most amphibian s
Page 37 and 38: 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Vege
Page 39 and 40: VEGETATION CATEGORIES AND MAIN EDAP
Page 41 and 42: Jozani forest is the only large rem
Page 43 and 44: 1994). Ecological indicators are us
Page 45 and 46: conditions. Acrostichum aureum and
Page 47 and 48: Table 5: Summarized tree data for d
Page 49 and 50: ground water forest. It may also me
Page 51 and 52: production of conventional medicine
Page 53 and 54: Botanical name Vernacular name Dise
Page 55 and 56: government of Zanzibar realized tha
Page 57 and 58: Species name Medicinal Firewood Cha
Page 59 and 60: the endangered red colobus monkey.
Page 61 and 62: Zanzibar Leopard (Panthera pardus a
Page 63 and 64: including secondary thicket. The du
Page 65 and 66: habitats. The elephant shrews thoug
Page 67 and 68: Four night drive transects ran from
Page 69: Table 13: Relative abundance of som
Page 73 and 74: Amphibian catch rate per 100 trap n
Page 75 and 76: Table 16: Shannon Weaver Diversity
Page 77 and 78: Animal group Common name Scientific
Page 79 and 80: 2. Feeding migrations: movement awa
Page 81 and 82: - places of great attraction of lar
Page 83 and 84: In Chwaka Bay fish production by ar
Page 85 and 86: In Chwaka Bay some fishers use fish
Page 87 and 88: is given on Appendix Xa, and the nu
Page 89 and 90: 5.0 EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL RESOUR
Page 91 and 92: 6.0 POTENTIAL THREATS TO BIODIVERSI
Page 93 and 94: as plague. Rattus rattus have been
Page 95 and 96: given the large number of visitors
Page 97 and 98: Group Species Threats Invertebrates
Page 99 and 100: 3. Immediate scientific measures sh
Page 101 and 102: 14. Mangrove formations for instanc
Page 103 and 104: iodiversity conservation. Emphasis
Page 105 and 106: REFERENCES Archer, A. L. and Mwinyi
Page 107 and 108: FAO/Department of Environment Zanzi
Page 109 and 110: Migdoll, I. (1987) Field Guide to t
Page 111 and 112: UNEP (2001) Eastern Africa Atlas of
Page 113 and 114: Appendix I: Plant checklist of Joza
Page 115 and 116: FAMILY BOTANICAL NAME LOCAL NAME Gr
Page 117 and 118: FAMILY BOTANICAL NAME LOCAL NAME Gr
Page 119 and 120: Appendix II: Species abundance in h
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S/N SPECIES NAME SAMPLE TOTAL R.D R
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1 2 3 4 INDIVID (%) (%) UALS 1 Achy
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TRANSECT IX: HERBS (0.5m x 2m) S/N
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13 Rhus natalensis 3 3 5.36 5.88 14
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9 Maytenus mossambicensis 1 1 1.89
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UALS 1 Acacia mangium 1 1 1.90 6.67
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Transect Species No. of individuals
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Transect Species No. of individuals
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Appendix IV: Questionnaire Yafuatay
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(v) Taja mimea inayopendwa au inayo
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(ii) Occupation of respondents Farm
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(vi) Vegetation The figure below in
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Local name Scientific name Use Tiss
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Local name English name Use Chura F
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Frequency of mention 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
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Knowledge of transmissable disease
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Appendix VI: List of algae and seag
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Reptiles DERMOCHELYIDAE Dermochelys
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MEGADERMATIDAE Cardioderma cor Hear
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Appendix VIII: Results from trappin
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(No capture) Bucket Pitfall Traplin
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Trapping effort (No. of snaps) (No
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Appendix IXa: Brief description of
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BOTHIDAE Colour: eyed side brown, o
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HOLOCENTRIDAE Colour: usually red o
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MULLIDAE Colour: variable, ground c
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Colour: inshore scapionfishes are m
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FAMILY Species Common name CHAETODO
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SERRANIDAE Cromileptes altivelis Ba
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Epamera sidus Trimen ✪✪ Epamera
Page 181 and 182:
Checklist of Dragonflies and Damsel
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SM NF WG GFP GFN THI TOTAL Papilio
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