Jozani biodiversity inventory report 2002 - Coastal Forests of Kenya ...

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poor (Burgess and Clarke, 2000). Such plant communities eventually suffer from inbreeding depression problems and may become locally extinct. 13. Declining population paradigm (Caughley, 1994) Generally island populations have higher extinction rates than continetal populations (Moreau and Pakenham, 1941). Since most of these populations are small and may not be viable, the presence of agents resulting in decline in their number often becomes detrimental. Such agents could be over-exploitation or habitat loss and fragmentation or pollution. Animals like the Zanzibar leopard, Aders' duiker, blue duiker and sykes monkey and some plants species could be affected by this problem. These populations are known to be declining and if this trend is not halted or reversed these species are likely to go locally extinct. 14. Tourism About 216, 000 tourists visit Zanzibar each year and most of them visit Jozani forest. This area is therefore an important tourist destination. There are a number of impacts arising from tourism including cultural, economic and environmental (e.g. pollution, disease transmission). Habituation of red colobus and littering are examples of problems currently existing in Jozani. No studies have been done to determine the acceptable number of visitors which can visit the area without having serious negative impact on the environment. Since Zanzibar is increasingly becoming a major tourist destination in East Africa, levels of acceptable use for the proposed national park should determined to avoid future problems. Table 23: Summary of potential threats to biodiversity in Jozani-Chwaka Bay Zanzibar Group Species Threats Protected Encroachment, vegetation clearing, resources exploitation area Mammals Zanzibar leopard Hunting, disturbances, small & declining populations paradigm Zanzibar red colobus Habitat loss and fragmentation, road kills, hunting Aders duiker Hunting, habitat loss and fragmentation, small & declining populations paradigm Blue duiker Hunting, habitat loss and fragmentation, small & declining populations paradigm Suni Hunting Galagos Habitat loss Reptiles Sea turtles Exploitation, loss of nesting sites, marine pollution Tortoises Wildfires, habitat loss Amphibians Pollution, habitat loss Fish Exploitation, marine pollution, habitat damage 84
Group Species Threats Invertebrates Molluscs (terrestrial, Pollution, wildfires fresh water) Molluscs (marine) Marine pollution, exploitation Lepidoptera Pollution, wildfires Orthoptera Pollution, wildfires Odonata Pollution, wildfires 85
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SERIKALI YA MAPINDUZI ZANZIBAR CARE
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4.1.2 Floristic diversity and speci
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Figure 3: Distribution of tree heig
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Acknowledgements We would like to t
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Executive Summary A biodiversity in
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are reported to occur in Chwaka Bay
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Biodiversity hotspots are biologica
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establishing a forest reserve. Thes
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Quaternary rocks have a mixture of
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joining marshes and springs. Appare
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provides human population in villag
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3.1.2 Vegetation data collection Th
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3.2.2 Digitization and rectificatio
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Transect SN Name 3 Bondeni (Evergre
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3.3.2.4 Amphibians Most amphibian s
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4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Vege
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VEGETATION CATEGORIES AND MAIN EDAP
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Jozani forest is the only large rem
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1994). Ecological indicators are us
Page 45 and 46: conditions. Acrostichum aureum and
Page 47 and 48: Table 5: Summarized tree data for d
Page 49 and 50: ground water forest. It may also me
Page 51 and 52: production of conventional medicine
Page 53 and 54: Botanical name Vernacular name Dise
Page 55 and 56: government of Zanzibar realized tha
Page 57 and 58: Species name Medicinal Firewood Cha
Page 59 and 60: the endangered red colobus monkey.
Page 61 and 62: Zanzibar Leopard (Panthera pardus a
Page 63 and 64: including secondary thicket. The du
Page 65 and 66: habitats. The elephant shrews thoug
Page 67 and 68: Four night drive transects ran from
Page 69 and 70: Table 13: Relative abundance of som
Page 71 and 72: for limited number of animal groups
Page 73 and 74: Amphibian catch rate per 100 trap n
Page 75 and 76: Table 16: Shannon Weaver Diversity
Page 77 and 78: Animal group Common name Scientific
Page 79 and 80: 2. Feeding migrations: movement awa
Page 81 and 82: - places of great attraction of lar
Page 83 and 84: In Chwaka Bay fish production by ar
Page 85 and 86: In Chwaka Bay some fishers use fish
Page 87 and 88: is given on Appendix Xa, and the nu
Page 89 and 90: 5.0 EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL RESOUR
Page 91 and 92: 6.0 POTENTIAL THREATS TO BIODIVERSI
Page 93 and 94: as plague. Rattus rattus have been
Page 95: given the large number of visitors
Page 99 and 100: 3. Immediate scientific measures sh
Page 101 and 102: 14. Mangrove formations for instanc
Page 103 and 104: iodiversity conservation. Emphasis
Page 105 and 106: REFERENCES Archer, A. L. and Mwinyi
Page 107 and 108: FAO/Department of Environment Zanzi
Page 109 and 110: Migdoll, I. (1987) Field Guide to t
Page 111 and 112: UNEP (2001) Eastern Africa Atlas of
Page 113 and 114: Appendix I: Plant checklist of Joza
Page 115 and 116: FAMILY BOTANICAL NAME LOCAL NAME Gr
Page 117 and 118: FAMILY BOTANICAL NAME LOCAL NAME Gr
Page 119 and 120: Appendix II: Species abundance in h
Page 121 and 122: S/N SPECIES NAME SAMPLE TOTAL R.D R
Page 123 and 124: 1 2 3 4 INDIVID (%) (%) UALS 1 Achy
Page 125 and 126: TRANSECT IX: HERBS (0.5m x 2m) S/N
Page 127 and 128: 13 Rhus natalensis 3 3 5.36 5.88 14
Page 129 and 130: 9 Maytenus mossambicensis 1 1 1.89
Page 131 and 132: UALS 1 Acacia mangium 1 1 1.90 6.67
Page 133 and 134: Transect Species No. of individuals
Page 135 and 136: Transect Species No. of individuals
Page 137 and 138: Appendix IV: Questionnaire Yafuatay
Page 139 and 140: (v) Taja mimea inayopendwa au inayo
Page 141 and 142: (ii) Occupation of respondents Farm
Page 143 and 144: (vi) Vegetation The figure below in
Page 145 and 146: Local name Scientific name Use Tiss
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Local name English name Use Chura F
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Frequency of mention 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
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Knowledge of transmissable disease
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Appendix VI: List of algae and seag
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Reptiles DERMOCHELYIDAE Dermochelys
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MEGADERMATIDAE Cardioderma cor Hear
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Appendix VIII: Results from trappin
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(No capture) Bucket Pitfall Traplin
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Trapping effort (No. of snaps) (No
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Appendix IXa: Brief description of
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BOTHIDAE Colour: eyed side brown, o
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HOLOCENTRIDAE Colour: usually red o
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MULLIDAE Colour: variable, ground c
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Colour: inshore scapionfishes are m
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FAMILY Species Common name CHAETODO
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SERRANIDAE Cromileptes altivelis Ba
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Epamera sidus Trimen ✪✪ Epamera
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Checklist of Dragonflies and Damsel
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SM NF WG GFP GFN THI TOTAL Papilio
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