FINAL VERSION FOR APPROVAL - Sdn Bhd - WWF Malaysia

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Gunung Stong State Park Preliminary Management Plan iv. Catchment Forests v. Forests under Wildlife Reserves vi. vii. viii. ix. Virgin Jungle Reserves Recreational Forests Educational Forests Forest for Research or Scientific purposes x. Forest for Federal purposes Of the 10 forest reserve categories, only the first category (forest for sustained yield production) is a production forest while all the other nine categories are protection forests. In 2001, the state of Perlis made an amendment to the National Forestry Act 1984, adding an extra category (xi) for the creation of the state park. This allowed the state forestry department to establish and manage the Perlis State Park. The state of Kelantan, following the precedent, made a similar amendment to the state forestry enactment to allow for the establishment of state parks managed by the state government. This legislation, known as the National Forestry Act (Amendment) Enactment 2004 will be used to establish the Gunung Stong State Park (GSSP). Greater interest generated through extensive press coverage on the series of NGO-led scientific expeditions to Endau-Rompin (1985) and Belum (1992, 1998), had a snowball effect: more Malaysians wanted to experience the forests, and while doing so, were exposed to degraded forests, thus the rising expectation that more forests should be placed within the protected area system. Thus the formation of Endau-Rompin National Park (1989), Perlis State Park (2000), Penang National Park (2001), the Royal Belum State Park (2003), and recently, the intention to set aside 107,000 ha of forests in Selangor for conservation through the Selangor Heritage Park. The formation of new protected areas was also due to Malaysia’s commitment to conservation, as a signatory to the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the greater interest towards the latent economic potential of biodiversity (in the form of biotechnology). Some of the important events related to protected area management in Peninsular Malaysia are as summarised in Table 1.2. Table 1.2: Selected Milestones of Protected Area (PA) Management in Peninsular Malaysia Date Event 1902 Wild Animals and Birds Protection Enactment passed, allowing establishment of Game Reserves. 1903 Establishment of Chior Game Reserve as first Game Reserve. 1932 Wildlife Commission Report of Malaya by T.R. Hubback, early guide for PA. 1939 Taman Negara established as the first National Park. 1940 Malaysian Nature Society formed as first local conservation NGO. 1948-1989 Large forested areas declared security areas, due to the first (1948-1960) and second Emergency (1960-1989). 1954 Aboriginal Peoples Act passed, covering the rights of aboriginal peoples, even in PAs. 1955 Wild Animals and Wild Birds Ordinance by Federal Government to clarify state PA laws. 1965 National Land Code passed, section 62 of which allows states to establish PAs. 4
Gunung Stong State Park Preliminary Management Plan 1968 Stevens’ report on The Conservation on Wild Life in West Malaysia guided PA establishment. 1972 Federal government gained jurisdiction from states over wildlife (but not land management) through Protection of Wild Life Act. 1972 WWF opened an office in Malaysia. 1980 National Parks Act passed covering establishment of national parks. 1984 National Forestry Act, defining categories of forest reserves for production and protection. 1993 Amendments to National Forestry Act allowing for increased penalties. 1993 Natural Resources and Environment Section of EPU of the Prime Ministers Department established to place more emphasis on environmental issues. 1993 National Conservation Strategy prepared by WWF-Malaysia for the EPU. 1995 National Ecotourism Plan drafted. 1996 PA Masterplan for Peninsular Malaysia designed and funded by DANCED containing comprehensive assessment, inventory and recommended actions on 39 PAs. 1996 Johor National Parks Corporation formed. Endau-Rompin National Park gazetted. 1998 MOSTE briefs Federal Cabinet on findings of PA Masterplan. 1998 MOSTE launched National Policy on Biological Diversity, giving DWNP large mandate for PA management. 2000 Perlis State Park established. 2001 Legal instrument for establishment of Perlis State Park passed by the Perlis State Assembly, the first legislation allowing Forestry Department to manage parks. 2001 Penang National Park gazetted, the first using the National Parks Act 1980. 2003 Royal Belum declared a state park. 2004 Kelantan state government amends state forestry enactment to allow for establishment of state parks following the Perlis model. 2005 Establishment of the 107,000ha Selangor Heritage Park. 1.4.2 Protected Area Legislation The choice of protected area legislation will determine the framework of its organisational structure, funding sources, and available technical expertise. In Peninsular Malaysia, there are several models of protected area legislation to adapt from: the National Parks Act 1980 (Amended 1993), the National Parks (Johor) Corporation Enactment 1989 and the National Forestry Enactment (Amendment) 2001 of Perlis. In addition, Section 62 of the National Land Code 1965 provides for the acquisition of land for public purposes. The tri-state Taman Negara was formed initially by the respective Pahang, Terengganu and Kelantan enactments of 1938/39 for the creation of the then King George V National Park. Apart from the establishment of the Penang National Park in 2003, no protected area had been formed by using the National Parks Act 1980. The National Parks (Johor) Corporation Enactment 1989 led to the gazettement of the Endau- Rompin Johor National Park, Gunung Ledang Johor National Park, Pulau Kukup Johor National Park and Tanjong Piai Johor National Park; all of which are managed by the Johor National Parks Corporation. In 2001, the Perlis State Legislative Assembly passed an amendment to its National Forestry Enactment, putting in place an additional category, i.e. 5
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