Scientific Papers Series A. Agronomy

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Figure 7. Thermo-hydric stress factors on winter wheat and other cereals (original) Negative thermic stress from winter may largely affect the harvest, especially on barley. In 2011-2012 winter, one of the harshest in the last 20 years, in Eastern part of Romania, especially in Braila, Galati, Vaslui counties, barley crops were over 50% destroyed. However, there were varieties that have resisted, but also of those that were completely destroyed by frosts. Agronomically speaking, the studies (Oberforster, 2012) show that the damages occuring on cereals in winter come from two directions (Figure 8). Figure 8. Causes of winter damages on grains – processed after Oberforster (2012) The effect of the causes presented above is the level of productions that also include, in addition to their natural inputs and anomalies, a large amount of technological inputs. At Modelu – Calarasi, in experimental plots in which the entire technology has been kept at maximum level, 15 Premium genotypes, which in normal years gave similar yields, in 2012 varied from 1 (Balaton variety) to 1.8 (Atrium variety) (Table 2). Table 2. Thermic stress effect on Premium wheat yield (Modelu, 2012) Variety Production Difference Semnification kg/ha % kg/ha % Balaton 4,886.00 71.25 -1,971.53 -28.75 000 Atrium 8,601.00 125.42 1,743.47 25.42 *** Arnold 7,447.00 108.60 589.47 8.60 ** Fabula 7,497.00 109.33 639.47 9.33 ** Fulvio 7,665.00 111.77 807.47 11.77 *** Josef 6,491.00 94.66 -366.53 -5.34 Bitop 6,395.00 93.26 -462.53 -6.74 0 Midas 7,365.00 107.40 507.47 7.40 * Peppino 7,210.00 105.14 352.47 5.14 Pireneo 6,371.00 92.91 -486.53 -7.09 0 Capo 7,162.00 104.44 304.47 4.44 Philipp 6,994.00 101.99 136.47 1.99 Astardo 6,970.00 101.64 112.47 1,64 Pedro 5,665.00 101.64 112.47 1.64 000 Ludwig 6,144.00 89.59 -713.53 -10.41 000 Average 6,857.53 100.00 0.00 0.00 CONTROL DL 5% = 393.7472 DL 1% = 525.9086 DL 0.1% = 688.1778 Balaton variety, with 8-10 days more untimely, normally obtains similar yields with Atrium. In 2012 its earliness was a disadvantage because all these days were during full flowering period, the effect on production being drastically negative. Late flowering of Atrium variety and of others with similar genom came after a rain of 15 mm, which reduced the temperatures below 30 o C for a period long enough, so the flowering and the process of grains formation and filling were held in normal conditions. Components like in Atrium we also found in Fulvio, Fabula, Arnold and Midas. In Central areas, such as Zagar – Mures, due to lower stress conditions, the output variation is lower, ie of 1–1.26, that is 3 times less that in South part of the country, at Modelu (Table 3). Very good behavior have had, in this area, the varieties Pireneo, Astardo and Pedro, while Philipp, Josef and Fabula reacted weaker. All these happened in yields over 5200 kg/ha, on a low variation, so its difficult to draw a conclusion about the proper Premium genotyp for this region. In Northern Romania, at Diosig – Bihor were performed researches with a number of over 20 varieties of different origins (Table 4). 193
Table 3. Thermic stress effect on Premium wheat yield (Zagar, 2012) Production Difference Semnifi- Variety kg/ha % kg/ha % cation Balaton 5,720.00 96.42 -212.50 -3.58 Arnold 5,810.00 97.94 -122.50 -2.06 Fabula 5,440.00 91.70 -492.50 -8.30 0 Josef 5,250.00 88.50 -682.50 -11.50 00 Bitop 6,030.00 101.64 97.50 1.64 Midas 6,160.00 103.83 227.50 3.83 Peppino 6,020.00 101.47 87.50 1.47 Pireneo 6,640.00 111.93 707.50 11.93 *** Capo 5,910.00 99.62 -22.50 -0.38 Philipp 5,390.00 90.86 -542.50 -9.14 00 Astardo 6,480.00 109.23 547.50 9.23 ** Pedro 6,340.00 106.87 407.50 6.87 * Average 5,932.50 100.00 0.00 0.00 CONTROL DL 5% = 326.0527 DL 1% = 391.6491 DL 0.1% = 525.5430 Table 4. Wheat behavior in the North part of the country (Diosig Bihor, 2012) Production Difference Semnification Variety kg/ha % kg/ha % - - Saggitario 4,399.00 75.50 1,395.71 24.50 000 Apache 5,481.00 96.23 -214.71 -3.77 Arlequin 6,029.00105.85 333.29 5.85 Renan 5,821.00102.20 125.29 2.20 Jindra 5,575.00 97.88 -120.71 -2.12 00 - Exotic 5,008.00 87.93 -687.71 12.07 Cubus 5,859.00102.87 163.29 2.87 Lupus 5,462.00 95.90 -233.71 -4.10 Lukullus 5,575.00 97.88 -120.71 -2.12 Gallus 5,991.00105.18 295.29 5.18 Pannonikus 6,067.00106.52 371.29 6.52 Vulcanus 6,067.00106.52 371.29 6.52 Amicus 5,940.00104.29 244.29 4.29 Sorrial 6,407.00112.49 711.29 12.49 ** SO-207 5,934.00104.18 238.29 4.18 Element 5,934.00104.18 238.29 4.18 Bitop 5,273.00 92.58 -422.71 -7.42 0 Midas 6,161.00108.17 465.29 8.17 * Boema 5,594.00 98.21 -101.71 -1.79 Glosa 5,821.00102.20 125.29 2.20 Crisana 5,311.00 93.25 -384.71 -6.75 Average 5,695.71100.00 0.00 0.00 CONTROL DL 5% = 413.8476 DL 1% = 550.4173 DL 0.1% = 715.9564 The variation coefficient is higher than in Mures, but much smaller than at Modelu (1– 1.45). Is also higher the genotypes variability because they come from very different sources, not having common genitors, except perhaps Midas and Bitop varieties. Thermic stress was higher in Bihor than in Mures. An excellent behavior had the varieties Sorrial and Midas and a negative one was found in Saggitario, Exotic and Bitop. Phenomena is happening on an average of almost 5700 kg/ha. We need to mention that the average yields per areas were much lower thn those obtained in the experimental fields (Figure 9). Figure 9. Wheat productions in 2012 in different parts of the country under stress influence (original) In South Romania the level of average yields obtained from agricultural departments on normally kept surfaces is 2 times smaller than the one obtained in research, while for Mures and Bihor the differences are about 2500 kg/ha. The gap between research and production is not related only by abiotic stress, but also by technological level, with particular reference in crop rotation, soil tillage and fertilization. CONCLUSIONS XXI st century started with at least 4 years on which the thermo-hydric stress put its deeply negative mark on Romania’s average productions, but also on them level and quality, even in units well-equiped technically and managerially. Specialized research can make more resistant varieties to any kind of thermic and hydric stress (– or +), but can’t be created varieties (genotypes) to completely resist to the total lack of water. 194
Page 1 and 2:
SCIENTIFIC PAPERS SERIES A. AGRONOM
Page 4 and 5:
University of Agronomic Sciences an
Page 6 and 7:
SUMMARY SOIL SCIENCES Variation of
Page 8 and 9:
A survey study on determination of
Page 10 and 11:
Effects of different nitrogen forms
Page 12 and 13:
Determine the effect of some cultiv
Page 14:
SOIL SCIENCES
Page 17 and 18:
K + /Na + ratio that ultimately pre
Page 19 and 20:
ZINC POLLUTION OF SOILS LOCATED INT
Page 21 and 22:
as the result of the plant protecti
Page 23 and 24:
OBTAINING OF HUMATE-BASED LIQUID FE
Page 25 and 26:
an 11.6% mass loss and a 145.5 J/g
Page 27 and 28:
mijloc important de fertilizare ech
Page 29 and 30:
collected on 13/09/2012 at the dept
Page 31 and 32:
Table 3. The Influence of mineral f
Page 33 and 34:
CONCLUSIONS The Hybrid rapeseedseed
Page 35 and 36:
Scientific Papers. Series A. Agrono
Page 37 and 38:
CONCLUSIONS The results have shown
Page 39 and 40:
organic carbon was determined thoug
Page 41 and 42:
THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL TILLING SYSTE
Page 43 and 44:
emerging plant, we recommend using
Page 45 and 46:
at the cellular level of Ni (Bou et
Page 47 and 48:
concentrations in agricultural soil
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Surfaces at the bottom shows higher
Page 53 and 54:
substantial balance that means maxi
Page 55 and 56:
Table 4. Aggregate composition and
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
1. The initial parameters of ordina
Page 61 and 62:
Table 8. Modification of the featur
Page 63 and 64:
Abstract Scientific Papers. Series
Page 65 and 66:
the linear correlation coefficient
Page 67 and 68:
CONCLUSIONS For soil polluted with
Page 69 and 70:
50 and 100 mg/kg and appreciated th
Page 71 and 72:
Figure 4. Copper content in soil Fi
Page 73 and 74:
samples collected in northern of fa
Page 75 and 76:
MATERIALS AND METHODS Study areas T
Page 77 and 78:
influenced by heavy metals contamin
Page 79 and 80:
Pankhurst C.E., 1997. Biodeversity
Page 81 and 82:
horizons, color, texture, structure
Page 83 and 84:
From a chemical reaction these soil
Page 85 and 86:
- Organic matter by Tiurin; - pH (H
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Invertebrat
Page 91 and 92:
of moisture in arable layers, incre
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
experimentation. The increase of mo
Page 97 and 98:
THE TRANSITION PERIOD TO THE MARKET
Page 99 and 100:
Activity data Activity data comes f
Page 101 and 102:
Figure 2. The decrease of cultivate
Page 103 and 104:
of nitrous oxide. In: Revised 1996
Page 105 and 106:
Laboratory results have been interp
Page 107 and 108:
The air-mass interferes with the ov
Page 109 and 110:
Under these conditions, Moldavian r
Page 111 and 112:
decreased to near wilting coefficie
Page 113 and 114:
CONCLUSIONS Severe drought that aff
Page 115 and 116:
(temperature and soil moisture, air
Page 117 and 118:
primary cultures analyzed, hybrids
Page 119 and 120:
weeding crops during the growing se
Page 121 and 122:
improper drainage and irrigation (G
Page 123 and 124:
Figure 4. Scores plot of the soil s
Page 125 and 126:
Table 1. Cluster analysis of the st
Page 127 and 128:
DIFFERENTIATION OF FERTILIZATION RA
Page 129 and 130:
Figure 2. Situation and location of
Page 131 and 132:
Statistical data processing For the
Page 133 and 134:
Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer
Page 135 and 136:
30 m. Regarding the formation and d
Page 137 and 138:
considerably less. These facts are
Page 139 and 140:
Table 2. Hydraulic dimensioning Par
Page 141 and 142:
SPATIAL VARIATION OF PHYSICAL CLAY
Page 143 and 144: Figure 2. Situation and location of
Page 145 and 146: esistant to high clay content in th
Page 147 and 148: CONCLUSIONS Described regularities
Page 149 and 150: ecome widespread and in order to ea
Page 151 and 152: Table 3. Results of the analysis of
Page 153 and 154: COMPARISON OF SYSTEMS FOR TAXONOMY
Page 155 and 156: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Soil types
Page 157 and 158: underdeveloped cinnamon forest soil
Page 159 and 160: Figure 8. Content of skeletal fract
Page 161 and 162: MODEL FOR INVESTIGATION, AMELIORATI
Page 163 and 164: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Characteris
Page 165 and 166: terrain is in the composition of a
Page 167 and 168: Such characteristics require the ne
Page 170 and 171: Abstract Scientific Papers. Series
Page 172 and 173: Australia) with high resolution nit
Page 174 and 175: some important medicinal plants of
Page 176 and 177: RFV = [120 / NDF] × [88.9 - (0.779
Page 178 and 179: Scientific Papers. Series A. Agrono
Page 180 and 181: average at Viani - Brila County). A
Page 182 and 183: Figure 1. Dry above-ground biomass
Page 184 and 185: County) and 30.29% (CERA 270 hybrid
Page 188 and 189: phenological stages were found to h
Page 190 and 191: STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF
Page 192 and 193: ainfall were able to have a negativ
Page 196 and 197: In Romania is grown a large assortm
Page 198 and 199: Mainly vitamin C, E and polyphenols
Page 200 and 201: soluble compounds with antioxidant
Page 202 and 203: primarily the water-soluble antioxi
Page 204 and 205: has a split-split-plot design with
Page 206 and 207: Kovács B., Gyori Z., Prokisch J.,
Page 208 and 209: pays off (Mares et al., 2004; Gonz
Page 210 and 211: Table 3. Tested variants V1 Control
Page 212 and 213: about the inner value of flora. The
Page 214 and 215: MATERIALS AND METHODS Biological ma
Page 216 and 217: Figure 2. Correlation between prote
Page 218 and 219: CONCLUSIONS Production and quality
Page 220 and 221: The following presents several tech
Page 222 and 223: 3. Evolution of total weed number i
Page 224 and 225: RESEARCH ON APPLICATION OF NPK FERT
Page 226 and 227: Also increase production significan
Page 228 and 229: In April 2012, the pre-sowing proce
Page 230 and 231: difference with the hoed control sa
Page 232 and 233: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Data about
Page 234 and 235: Table 7. Proved difference between
Page 238 and 239: Table 1. Variance analysis experien
Page 240 and 241: Amongst the three precocity groups,
Page 242 and 243: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was car
Page 244 and 245:
to present genetic sources of resis
Page 246 and 247:
REFERENCES Antonova T.S., Araslanov
Page 248 and 249:
Halstedii is necessary to identify
Page 250 and 251:
EFFICIENCY OF UTILIZATION OF ASELEC
Page 252 and 253:
to separate the effects of genotype
Page 254 and 255:
INFLUENCE OF THE CLIMATIC CONDITION
Page 256 and 257:
In 2012, at NARDI Fundulea, data fr
Page 258 and 259:
parameter from the treated variants
Page 260 and 261:
Table 6. The effectiveness of some
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Table 1. Probability of the meteoro
Page 266 and 267:
At 50% DI in EOF, only a small part
Page 268 and 269:
This was probably due to the specif
Page 270 and 271:
under deficit irrigation. This prov
Page 272 and 273:
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Intervals w
Page 274 and 275:
productions from one year to anothe
Page 276 and 277:
epresented by soil ecologization an
Page 278 and 279:
new created ones as a basic conditi
Page 280 and 281:
The highest number of kernels per e
Page 282 and 283:
Table 8. Average weight of thousand
Page 284 and 285:
CONCLUSIONS The drought from the ye
Page 286 and 287:
IWM as appropriate, necessary studi
Page 288 and 289:
100% in the first 6 weeks of growth
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
locules boll -1 (0.02), seeds locul
Page 294 and 295:
Bhutto H., Baloch M.J., Yousaf M.,
Page 296 and 297:
Table 4. GCA effects for morpho-yie
Page 298 and 299:
MATERIALS AND METHODS This study wa
Page 300 and 301:
vegetation of each of the swaths, i
Page 302 and 303:
Sudangrass hybrids depending on the
Page 304 and 305:
The parameters of biomass and dry m
Page 306 and 307:
transplanting and ½ applied at fir
Page 308 and 309:
Fertilization Forms Table 2. The me
Page 310 and 311:
growing agricultural farms; evoluti
Page 312 and 313:
In this area, priority must be to p
Page 314 and 315:
soybean seeds are found farms that
Page 316 and 317:
are a better material for haploid i
Page 318 and 319:
Figure 6. Embryo and endosperm mark
Page 320 and 321:
RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE
Page 322 and 323:
Table 1. The influence of seeding d
Page 324 and 325:
Exagone hybrid. Thus, when sown at
Page 326 and 327:
Table 9. The influence of sowing di
Page 328 and 329:
MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to k
Page 330 and 331:
Table 3. Genotype influence on whea
Page 332 and 333:
Romanian varieties from the experim
Page 334 and 335:
Page 336 and 337:
Table 2. Efficacy of some fungicide
Page 338 and 339:
ROMANIAN WHEAT - STRATEGIC PRODUCT
Page 340 and 341:
exceeded 2,000 thou ha, and maximum
Page 342 and 343:
Values over 26% wet gluten were det
Page 344 and 345:
effective and can build a significa
Page 346 and 347:
grassland. This method is commonly
Page 348 and 349:
RESULTS REGARDING DROUGHT RESISTANC
Page 350 and 351:
average for this period is 170.6 mm
Page 352 and 353:
Hybrid FAO grupe Table 2. The main
Page 354 and 355:
Page 356 and 357:
length has lowest values at the unt
Page 358 and 359:
CHARACTERISTICS OF SECOND GENERATIO
Page 360 and 361:
developed in Dobrudzha Agricultural
Page 362 and 363:
Table 5. Cytological characteristic
Page 364 and 365:
Page 366 and 367:
We can see in the table that all li
Page 368 and 369:
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Mean compar
Page 370 and 371:
Page 372 and 373:
Table 4. Statistical interpretation
Page 374 and 375:
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONVENTIONAL A
Page 376 and 377:
Improved sunflower hybrids for use
Page 378 and 379:
differences in production to contro
Page 380 and 381:
International Center for Agricultur
Page 382 and 383:
Table 3. Evaluation of Genotypes fo
Page 384 and 385:
Table 1. Characteristics of city sl
Page 386 and 387:
Page 388 and 389:
Table 4. Amount of the rainfall dur
Page 390:
ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE
Page 393 and 394:
maize had a density of 5 plants/m 2
Page 395 and 396:
CONCLUSIONS In terms of productivit
Page 397 and 398:
amino acids, such as 4-hydroxyisole
Page 399 and 400:
Page 401 and 402:
Table 5. Determining chlorophyll pi
Page 403 and 404:
PROPOSALS ON TECHNOLOGY OF MOVING A
Page 405 and 406:
These are the main technical charac
Page 407 and 408:
FUNGAL BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHA
Page 409 and 410:
Climate change effects and Dobrogea
Page 411 and 412:
Figure 10. Pure culture of benefici
Page 413 and 414:
MANAGEMENT OF BENEFICIAL MICROORGAN
Page 415 and 416:
microorganisms DSMZ Braunschweig -
Page 417 and 418:
Protocol of research and reporting
Page 419 and 420:
“HERBAL MEDNET” AN INNOVATIVE A
Page 421 and 422:
Figure 2. Value of global herbal ma
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
Figure 3. The Allelopathy effect on
Page 428:
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND RENEWA
Page 431 and 432:
Research was also aimed at observin
Page 433 and 434:
Leaf production of dry matter per h
Page 435 and 436:
cooking oil and jatropha oil (Vonsh
Page 437 and 438:
machines, many different fat extrac
Page 439 and 440:
Table 4. The nutrient content Conte
Page 441 and 442:
Figure 21. Dunaliella salina sp. ch
Page 443 and 444:
for the decline is the growing numb
Page 445 and 446:
Page 447 and 448:
Tractor power seemed the obvious wa
Page 449 and 450:
Figure 4 shows that in 17 post war
Page 451 and 452:
their employability, help raise the
Page 454 and 455:
. Scientific Papers. Series A. Agro
Page 456 and 457:
through the sprinkler irrigation. A
Page 458 and 459:
Figure 5. Overlapping sprinklers wi
Page 460 and 461:
CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGROMETEOROLOGIC
Page 462 and 463:
Bulgaria to the use of agroclimatic
Page 464 and 465:
Figure 9. Duration of the period so
Page 466 and 467:
Figure 18. Evapotranspiration of wi
Page 468 and 469:
Page 470 and 471:
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS After scari
Page 472 and 473:
The influence of the texture on the
Page 474 and 475:
Figure 6. Area of land planted with
Page 476:
APPLIED BIOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL SCI
Page 479 and 480:
MATERIALS AND METHODS Researches we
Page 481 and 482:
RESEARCHES REGARDING EVOLUTION OF S
Page 483 and 484:
gradually reduce towards the end of
Page 485 and 486:
Page 487 and 488:
According to that, the aspect of th
Page 489 and 490:
etween classes of variation with ma
Page 491 and 492:
Page 493 and 494:
Table 2. Average heights of Lycium
Page 495 and 496:
V 1 V 2 Table 6. Average shoot leng
Page 497 and 498:
Table 13. Average dry substance of
Page 499 and 500:
Page 501 and 502:
Page 503 and 504:
centrifuge (7000 rev/min. during 20
Page 505 and 506:
7, Streptomyces sp. 9, and Streptom
Page 507 and 508:
laboratory of Biology, USAMV Buchar
Page 509 and 510:
SOME NEW SPECIMENS FOR ZOOLOGICAL T
Page 511 and 512:
New reptiles for our teaching colle
Page 514 and 515:
Page 516 and 517:
Figure 1. Scatter plot of odontosty
Page 518 and 519:
Table 4. Measurements of Xiphinema
Page 520 and 521:
Malus pumila and P. avium are new h
Page 522 and 523:
- the mean, minimum and maximum mon
Page 524 and 525:
The monthly mean of the flow highli
Page 526 and 527:
longer in balance with the existing
Page 528 and 529:
ecording the encountered plant spec
Page 530 and 531:
Mediterranean (3), Balkan (1), Cent
Page 532 and 533:
Table 3. Segetal species of the Top
Page 534 and 535:
Page 536 and 537:
of sugar/flower and the honey poten
Page 538 and 539:
Territorial concentration of mellif
Page 540 and 541:
CONCLUSIONS In Giurgiu County there
Page 542 and 543:
farm (Awake, 1998). Rahman et al. 2
Page 544 and 545:
Table 3 shows that there was a high
Page 546 and 547:
Page 548 and 549:
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS x, k, r, R
Page 550 and 551:
Figure 3. Us-Pressure Relations of
show all

Scientific Papers Series A. Agronomy

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?