Scientific Papers Series A. Agronomy

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Table 5. Cytological characteristics of hybrid plants No a b f 1 56 49 68 2 55 47 67 3 55 49 69 4 56 47 69 5 54 48 70 6 53 48 70 7 56 49 68 8 56 48 69 9 55 49 68 10 55 47 69 AChN 55 48 69 EChN 56 49 70 ChC 0.9821 0.9796 0.9857 SD 0.9944 0.8756 0.9487 AChN – average chromosomes number, EChN – expected chromosomes numer, ChC – chromosome coefficient, SD – standard deviation. The presence of the same chromosome number is not indicative of the presence of sterility, as these authors reported partial fertile and fully sterile plants, each possessing 41 chromosomes. The same study reported no difference in the chromosome number of the same hybrid and the same microscope slide. In the hybrids studied by us, different numbers of chromosomes were observed even at the cellular level. These results identify significant deviations in generative processes of hybrids a, b and f. Crémieux (2000) reported 28 to 49 chromosomes in second generation backcrossed hybrids. For similar results reported Cifuentes and Benavente (2009) in hybrids involving Triticum durum. Sears (1943) states that in Triticum hybrids with Aegilops cylindrica, deviations resulting in a reduction of chromosome number in the second generation backcrossed hybrids are mainly due to improper interaction between wheat genome and that of Aegilops cylindrica, and misallocation of bivalents and univalents in meiotic division in the first generation hybrids. Despite the negative impact of the genome of the wild species, the studied second generation hybrids showed very good pathogen resistance. At all stages of their development to their maturity all grown accessins were completely resistant to the pathogen of powdery mildew, brown rust and septoria leaf blight in the native represented races and forms into the growing conditions. These results are proved by the presence of typical symptoms of the three diseases on standard varieties for susceptibility to the pathogens. CONCLUSIONS From these results the following conclusions could be drawn: - Second generation hybrids between wheat species and Aegilops cylindrica, are characterized by similar morphology resembling that of wild species. - Flowering of the all hybrids plants is an open type, and stamens do not burst, which defines zero seedset. - Studied hybrids are 100% sterile, as evidenced by the non-homogeneous chromosome number. - Although differences in their obtaining and involved mother component, the chromosomal aberrations are caused by improper interaction between wheat genome and that of the wild species. - Despite their negative qualities, all studied accessions are characterized by complete resistance to the pathogen of powdery mildew, brown rust and septoria leaf blight, which makes them a good starting material for inclusion into the bread wheat breeding programs. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was conducted with the support of Professor Penko Spetsov from Dobrudja Agricultural Institute – General Toshevo who kindly provided material of the maternal parent components involved in the crosses, and his invaluable assistance in the research process. REFERENCES Ayala F.J., Kiger J.A., 1987. Modern genetics. Zemizdat. Sofia (Bg). Cifuentes M., Benavente E., 2009. Complete characterization of wheat-alien metaphase I pairing in interspecific hybrids between durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host). Theor Appl Genet, 118, p. 1609-1616. Crémieux L., 2000. Seed protein and chromosome number anaylses of experimental wheat x jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) hybrid derivatives. Electronic Theses and Dissertations, ScholarsArchive at Oregon State University. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/32793. 361
Eyal Z., Scharen A.L., Prescott J.M., 1987. The Septoria diseases of wheat. Concepts and methods of disease management. CYMMYT. Georgiev S., Genova G., Iordanov I., Dekova T., Kitanova M., 2008. Handbook of General and Molecular Cytogenetics. Pensoft. Sofia-Moscow (Bg). Hohman U., Endo T.R., Herrman R.G., Gill B.S., 1995. Characterization of deletions in common wheat induced by an Aegilops cylindrica chromosome: detection of multiple chromosome rearrangements. Theor Appl Genet, 91, p. 611-617. Ivanova V., 2012. Studies on resistance to common wheat and other species to the cause of brown rust Puccinia triticina Erikss. – autoreferate. DAI-General Toshevo (Bg). Knuepffer H., 2009. Triticeae Genetic Resources in ex situ Genebank Collections. Genetics and Genomics of the Triticeae, Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models, 7, p. 31-79. Kolev D., 1978. Wheat and rye hybridization. Zemizdat, Sofia (Bg). Landjeva S., Merakchijska-Nikolova M., Ganeva G., 2003. Copper toxicity tolerance in Aegilops and Haynaldia seedlings. Biologia Plantarum, 46 (3), p. 479-480. Matsuoka Y., 2011. Evolution of Polyploid Triticum Wheats under Cultivation: The Role of Domestication, Natural Hybridisation and Allopolyploid Speciation in their Diversification. Plant and Cell Physiology, 52 (5), p. 750-764. Nakai Y., 1981. D Genome Doners for Aegilops cylindrica (CCDD) and Triticum aestivum (AABBDD) Deduced from Esterase Izozyme Analysis. Theor Appl Genet, 60, p. 11-16. Plamenov D., 2003. Distribution and characterization of wild wheat species (Aegilops and Triticum) in Black Sea coast – autoreferate. TU-Varna (Bg). Rehman M., Hansen J.L, Zemetra R.S., 2006. Hybrids and Amphiploids of Aegilops cylindrica with Triticum aestivum L.; Production Morphology and Fertility. Pakistan Journal of Biological sciences, 9 (8), p. 1563-1566. Schoenenberger N., Guadagnuolo R., Savova-Bianchi D., Kuepfer P., Felber F., 2006. Molecular Analysis, Cytogenetics abd Fertility of Introgression Lines From Transgenic Wheat to Aegilops cylindrica Host. Genetics, 174, p. 2061-2070. Schoenenberger N., Felber F., Savova-Bianchi D., Guadagnuolo R., 2005. Introgression of wheat DNA markers from A, B and D genomes in early generation progeny of Aegilops cylindrica Host x Triticum aestivum L. Theor Appl Genet, 111, p. 1338-1346. Sears E.R., 1943. The amphidiploids Aegilops cylindrica x Triticum durum and Aegilops ventricosa x Triticum durum and their hybrids with with Triticum aestivum, Journal of Agricultural Research, 68 (3), p. 135-144. Spetsov P., 1998. Use of species of Aegilops (2n = 28, UUSS) to improve resistance to powdery mildew and other economic properties in common winter wheat – autoreferate. IWS – General Toshevo (Bg). Spetsov P., Belchev I., Plamenov D., 2008. Breeding of synthetic wheats: Crossability and production of hybrids with participation of Aegilops tauschii. Proceedings of Technical university-Varna, p. 71-76 (Bg). Spetsov P., Plamenov D., Belchev I., 2009. Breeding of synthetic wheats: analysis of amphidiploid plants obtained with Aegilops tauschii Coss. Field crops studies, V-2, p. 207-216 (Bg). Spetsov P., Plamenov D., Kiryakova V., 2006. Distribution and characterization of Aegilops and Triticum species from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. CEJB, 1 (3), p. 399–411. Stoilova T., Spetsov P., 2006. Chromosome 6U from Aegilops geniculata Roth carrying powdery mildew resistance in bread wheat. Breeding science, 56, p. 351-357. Stoyanov H., 2010. Obtaining and characteristics of hybrids between Triticum sp. and Aegilops cylindrica, Students scientific session 2011 – TU- Varna (in press) (Bg). Stoyanov H., 2012. Status of wide hybrids in Poacea: problems and prospects, Agricultural science and Technology, Trakia University – Stara Zagora (in press). Stoyanov H., Koleva M., Plamenov D., Spetsov P., 2011. Influence of wheat genome in hybrids with participation of Aegilops cylindrica Host. Field Crops Studies VIII-1, p. 41-52 (Bg). Wang Z.N., Hang A., Hansen J., Burton C., Mallory- Smith C.A., Zemetra R.S., 2000. Visualization of A- and B-genome chromosomes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) x jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) backcross progenies. Genome. 43 (6), p. 1038-44. 362
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SCIENTIFIC PAPERS SERIES A. AGRONOM
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University of Agronomic Sciences an
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SUMMARY SOIL SCIENCES Variation of
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A survey study on determination of
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Effects of different nitrogen forms
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Determine the effect of some cultiv
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SOIL SCIENCES
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K + /Na + ratio that ultimately pre
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ZINC POLLUTION OF SOILS LOCATED INT
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as the result of the plant protecti
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OBTAINING OF HUMATE-BASED LIQUID FE
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an 11.6% mass loss and a 145.5 J/g
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mijloc important de fertilizare ech
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collected on 13/09/2012 at the dept
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Table 3. The Influence of mineral f
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CONCLUSIONS The Hybrid rapeseedseed
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Scientific Papers. Series A. Agrono
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CONCLUSIONS The results have shown
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organic carbon was determined thoug
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THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL TILLING SYSTE
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emerging plant, we recommend using
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at the cellular level of Ni (Bou et
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concentrations in agricultural soil
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Surfaces at the bottom shows higher
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substantial balance that means maxi
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Table 4. Aggregate composition and
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1. The initial parameters of ordina
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Table 8. Modification of the featur
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Abstract Scientific Papers. Series
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the linear correlation coefficient
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CONCLUSIONS For soil polluted with
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50 and 100 mg/kg and appreciated th
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Figure 4. Copper content in soil Fi
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samples collected in northern of fa
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Study areas T
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influenced by heavy metals contamin
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Pankhurst C.E., 1997. Biodeversity
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horizons, color, texture, structure
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From a chemical reaction these soil
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- Organic matter by Tiurin; - pH (H
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Invertebrat
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of moisture in arable layers, incre
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experimentation. The increase of mo
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THE TRANSITION PERIOD TO THE MARKET
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Activity data Activity data comes f
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Figure 2. The decrease of cultivate
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of nitrous oxide. In: Revised 1996
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Laboratory results have been interp
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The air-mass interferes with the ov
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Under these conditions, Moldavian r
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decreased to near wilting coefficie
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CONCLUSIONS Severe drought that aff
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(temperature and soil moisture, air
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primary cultures analyzed, hybrids
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weeding crops during the growing se
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improper drainage and irrigation (G
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Figure 4. Scores plot of the soil s
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Table 1. Cluster analysis of the st
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DIFFERENTIATION OF FERTILIZATION RA
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Figure 2. Situation and location of
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Statistical data processing For the
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Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer
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30 m. Regarding the formation and d
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considerably less. These facts are
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Table 2. Hydraulic dimensioning Par
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SPATIAL VARIATION OF PHYSICAL CLAY
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Figure 2. Situation and location of
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esistant to high clay content in th
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CONCLUSIONS Described regularities
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ecome widespread and in order to ea
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Table 3. Results of the analysis of
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COMPARISON OF SYSTEMS FOR TAXONOMY
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Soil types
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underdeveloped cinnamon forest soil
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Figure 8. Content of skeletal fract
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MODEL FOR INVESTIGATION, AMELIORATI
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Characteris
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terrain is in the composition of a
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Such characteristics require the ne
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Australia) with high resolution nit
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some important medicinal plants of
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RFV = [120 / NDF] × [88.9 - (0.779
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average at Viani - Brila County). A
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Figure 1. Dry above-ground biomass
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County) and 30.29% (CERA 270 hybrid
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phenological stages were found to h
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STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF
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ainfall were able to have a negativ
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Figure 7. Thermo-hydric stress fact
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In Romania is grown a large assortm
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Mainly vitamin C, E and polyphenols
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soluble compounds with antioxidant
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primarily the water-soluble antioxi
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has a split-split-plot design with
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Kovács B., Gyori Z., Prokisch J.,
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pays off (Mares et al., 2004; Gonz
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Table 3. Tested variants V1 Control
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about the inner value of flora. The
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Biological ma
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Figure 2. Correlation between prote
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CONCLUSIONS Production and quality
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The following presents several tech
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3. Evolution of total weed number i
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RESEARCH ON APPLICATION OF NPK FERT
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Also increase production significan
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In April 2012, the pre-sowing proce
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difference with the hoed control sa
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Data about
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Table 7. Proved difference between
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Table 1. Variance analysis experien
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Amongst the three precocity groups,
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was car
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to present genetic sources of resis
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REFERENCES Antonova T.S., Araslanov
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Halstedii is necessary to identify
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EFFICIENCY OF UTILIZATION OF ASELEC
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to separate the effects of genotype
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INFLUENCE OF THE CLIMATIC CONDITION
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In 2012, at NARDI Fundulea, data fr
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parameter from the treated variants
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Table 6. The effectiveness of some
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Table 1. Probability of the meteoro
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At 50% DI in EOF, only a small part
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This was probably due to the specif
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under deficit irrigation. This prov
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Intervals w
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productions from one year to anothe
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epresented by soil ecologization an
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new created ones as a basic conditi
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The highest number of kernels per e
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Table 8. Average weight of thousand
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CONCLUSIONS The drought from the ye
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IWM as appropriate, necessary studi
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100% in the first 6 weeks of growth
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locules boll -1 (0.02), seeds locul
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Bhutto H., Baloch M.J., Yousaf M.,
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Table 4. GCA effects for morpho-yie
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MATERIALS AND METHODS This study wa
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vegetation of each of the swaths, i
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Sudangrass hybrids depending on the
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The parameters of biomass and dry m
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transplanting and ½ applied at fir
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Fertilization Forms Table 2. The me
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growing agricultural farms; evoluti
Page 312 and 313: In this area, priority must be to p
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Page 318 and 319: Figure 6. Embryo and endosperm mark
Page 320 and 321: RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE
Page 322 and 323: Table 1. The influence of seeding d
Page 324 and 325: Exagone hybrid. Thus, when sown at
Page 326 and 327: Table 9. The influence of sowing di
Page 328 and 329: MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to k
Page 330 and 331: Table 3. Genotype influence on whea
Page 332 and 333: Romanian varieties from the experim
Page 334 and 335: Abstract Scientific Papers. Series
Page 336 and 337: Table 2. Efficacy of some fungicide
Page 338 and 339: ROMANIAN WHEAT - STRATEGIC PRODUCT
Page 340 and 341: exceeded 2,000 thou ha, and maximum
Page 342 and 343: Values over 26% wet gluten were det
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Page 346 and 347: grassland. This method is commonly
Page 348 and 349: RESULTS REGARDING DROUGHT RESISTANC
Page 350 and 351: average for this period is 170.6 mm
Page 352 and 353: Hybrid FAO grupe Table 2. The main
Page 354 and 355: Abstract Scientific Papers. Series
Page 356 and 357: length has lowest values at the unt
Page 358 and 359: CHARACTERISTICS OF SECOND GENERATIO
Page 360 and 361: developed in Dobrudzha Agricultural
Page 364 and 365: Scientific Papers. Series A. Agrono
Page 366 and 367: We can see in the table that all li
Page 368 and 369: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Mean compar
Page 372 and 373: Table 4. Statistical interpretation
Page 374 and 375: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONVENTIONAL A
Page 376 and 377: Improved sunflower hybrids for use
Page 378 and 379: differences in production to contro
Page 380 and 381: International Center for Agricultur
Page 382 and 383: Table 3. Evaluation of Genotypes fo
Page 384 and 385: Table 1. Characteristics of city sl
Page 388 and 389: Table 4. Amount of the rainfall dur
Page 390: ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE
Page 393 and 394: maize had a density of 5 plants/m 2
Page 395 and 396: CONCLUSIONS In terms of productivit
Page 397 and 398: amino acids, such as 4-hydroxyisole
Page 401 and 402: Table 5. Determining chlorophyll pi
Page 403 and 404: PROPOSALS ON TECHNOLOGY OF MOVING A
Page 405 and 406: These are the main technical charac
Page 407 and 408: FUNGAL BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHA
Page 409 and 410: Climate change effects and Dobrogea
Page 411 and 412: Figure 10. Pure culture of benefici
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MANAGEMENT OF BENEFICIAL MICROORGAN
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microorganisms DSMZ Braunschweig -
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Protocol of research and reporting
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“HERBAL MEDNET” AN INNOVATIVE A
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Figure 2. Value of global herbal ma
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Figure 3. The Allelopathy effect on
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AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND RENEWA
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Research was also aimed at observin
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Leaf production of dry matter per h
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cooking oil and jatropha oil (Vonsh
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machines, many different fat extrac
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Table 4. The nutrient content Conte
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Figure 21. Dunaliella salina sp. ch
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for the decline is the growing numb
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Tractor power seemed the obvious wa
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Figure 4 shows that in 17 post war
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their employability, help raise the
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. Scientific Papers. Series A. Agro
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through the sprinkler irrigation. A
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Figure 5. Overlapping sprinklers wi
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGROMETEOROLOGIC
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Bulgaria to the use of agroclimatic
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Figure 9. Duration of the period so
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Figure 18. Evapotranspiration of wi
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS After scari
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The influence of the texture on the
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Figure 6. Area of land planted with
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APPLIED BIOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL SCI
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Researches we
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RESEARCHES REGARDING EVOLUTION OF S
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gradually reduce towards the end of
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According to that, the aspect of th
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etween classes of variation with ma
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Table 2. Average heights of Lycium
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V 1 V 2 Table 6. Average shoot leng
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Table 13. Average dry substance of
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centrifuge (7000 rev/min. during 20
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7, Streptomyces sp. 9, and Streptom
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laboratory of Biology, USAMV Buchar
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SOME NEW SPECIMENS FOR ZOOLOGICAL T
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New reptiles for our teaching colle
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Figure 1. Scatter plot of odontosty
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Table 4. Measurements of Xiphinema
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Malus pumila and P. avium are new h
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- the mean, minimum and maximum mon
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The monthly mean of the flow highli
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longer in balance with the existing
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ecording the encountered plant spec
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Mediterranean (3), Balkan (1), Cent
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Table 3. Segetal species of the Top
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of sugar/flower and the honey poten
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Territorial concentration of mellif
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CONCLUSIONS In Giurgiu County there
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farm (Awake, 1998). Rahman et al. 2
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Table 3 shows that there was a high
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS x, k, r, R
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Figure 3. Us-Pressure Relations of
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