Scientific Papers Series A. Agronomy

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REFERENCES Antonova T.S., Araslanova N.M., Guchetl S.Z., Trembak E.N., Tchelyustnikova T.A., Ramazanova S.A., 2009. Virulence of broomrape populations on sunflower in regions of Northern Caucasus. Vestnik of Rosselhosacademy, No 3, p. 66-69 (in Russian). Kaya Y., Demirci Y, Evci G., 2004. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) breeding in Turkey for broomrape (Orobanche cernua Loeffl) and herbicide resistance. Helia 27. Nr 40, p. 199-210. Molinero-Ruiz M., Melero-Vara, Jose M., 2004. Virulence and aggressiveness of sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana) populations overcoming the Or5 gene. Proc. 16th International Sunflower Conference, Fargo, ND USA. Pacureanu Joita M.,Raranciuc S., Sava E., Stanciu D., Nastase D., 2009. Virulence and aggressiveness of sun-flower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) population in Romania. Helia. 32. Nr 51 p. 111-118. Pustovoit G.V., 1966. Mejvidovaia ghibridizatia kak metod selectii podsolnecinika na grupovnoi imunitet Ghenetika, 1, p. 59-69. Rojkova V.T., Koseleva R.M., 1987. Izucenie na reaktii obraztov podsolnecinika mirovoi kolectii VIR na razlicinie populatii zarazihi. In Selektiia I Ghenetika Tehniceskih Kultur. Sb. Naucinih Trudov po Prikl. Bot., Ghen. I Sel., VIR Leningrad 113, p. 41-46. Fernandez-Escobar J., Rodriguez-Ojeda M.I., Alonso L.C., 2008. Distribution and dissemination of sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) race F in Southern Spain. Proc. 17 th International Sunflower Conference. Cordoba, Spain, V.1, p. 231- 236. Satâperov F.A., 1913. Opiti s podsolnecinikom. Trudi Biuro Prikl. Bot., 6 (4), p. 251-258. Vasile T.A., 1981. Studiul rezistentei florii-soarelui la atacul de lupoaie (Orobanche spp.). Rezumat al tezei pentru obtinerea titlului stiintific de “ Doctor in agronomie” Institutlul Agronomic “N. Balcescu” Bucuresti. Vranceanu A., Tudor V., Stoenescum F., Parvu, N., 1981. Evolutii ale virulentei parazitului O. cumana Wallr. si gene corespunzatoare de rezistenta la floarea-soarelui. Analele ICCPT Fundulea Vol XLVIII, p. 37-43. Vranceanu A., Pacureanu J., 1995. Evaluation of an international set of sunflower hybrids in relation to broomrape (O. cumana Wallr.) resistance. Helia 3, p. 19-24. Vranceanu A.V., 2000. Floarea-soarelui hibrida. Editura Ceres Bucuresti, p. 1445. 245
RESEARCH ON GENETICS AND BREEDING FOR SUNFLOWER RESISTANCE TO PLASMOPARA HALSTEDII Anghelu FIERBINEANU 1 , Viorel DINC 2 1 Pioneer Hi-Bred Seeds Agro SRL, DN2, km 19.7, Gneasa-indrilia, 077104, Ilfov County, Romania 2 University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Mrti Blvd, District 1, 011464, Bucharest, Romania Abstract Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LVI, 2013 ISSN 2285-5785; ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5793; ISSN Online 2285-5807; ISSN-L 2285-5785 Corresponding author email: anghelus. fierbinteanu@pioneer.com Sunflower is attacked by more than 40 different diseases of which only a certain number causes serious reduction of seed yield. One of the most damaging diseases is downy mildew which is caused by Plasmopara halstedii fungus (Farl.) Berl.et de Toni (syn. Plasmopara helianthi Novit.). Sunflower downy mildew has a great economic importance in all countries where sunflower is grown. When the meteorological conditions during the vegetation period of sunflower become favorable for disease development, the damages produce considerable reducing of the seed yield and the oil content. The best way of controlling the fungus is to grow resistant cultivates and because that the major objective of this study was to developed sunflower genotypes genetically resistant to dominant races of downy mildew in Romania. During this work two co-dominant markers for Pl-6 and Pl-8 gene. For introduction of these genes in breeding program marker assisted selection (MAS) was used. Developed commercial sunflower inbred lines exhibit resistance to all known races of downy mildew in Romania indicated incorporation of resistance to downy mildew in well-known and widely produced hybrids. Except that, Pl-genes were introduced to large number of new inbred lines and new downy mildew resistant hybrids. Key words: downy mildew, hybrid, inbred line, race, sunflower. INTRODUCTION Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important source of vegetable oils and it keeps gaining popularity because of its high oil percentage and quality, short duration and thermophotinsensitiveness. More than 30 diseases have been identified on sunflower (Gulya et al., 1994). Among these, downy mildew caused by Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. and de Toni is the most destructive one (Kolte, 1985). Existence of physiologic races in Plasmopara halstedii is evident from reports of several workers from different parts of the world (Abdullah, 1983; Patil and Mayee, 1990). Sunflower downy mildew is caused by the fungus Plasmopara halstedii Farl.Berl. & de Toni, an obligate parasite which infects seedlings during the early stages of development, usually from sowing to two leaves. Systemic infection is characterized by symptoms of chlorotic mosaic bordering the veins of the leaves as well as stunting of the plants. Optimum conditions for the disease, 246 such as high inoculums concentrations, abundant rain and temperatures of 15-18°C can cause preemergence or postemergence damping off of the young plants. The incorporation of genes of resistance to Plasmopara halstedii is a common way to control the disease. These genes are effective against one or more races of the fungus, but they are overcome by more virulent races of the fungus after continuous crop of resistant hybrids. Over the last 20 years there have been great changes in the pathogen population in almost all sunflower growing countries in the world, except Australia. In Europe, there was an increase in the number of path types of pathogens, each with a distinct virulence structure. In Romania have been identified five path types of the pathogen, until 2006 (Pacureanu et al., 2006) and in the last 3 years are still identified another two path types. For the vast diversity in the pathogen influence both disease epidemic and improve the sunflower resistance to the Plasmopara
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SCIENTIFIC PAPERS SERIES A. AGRONOM
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University of Agronomic Sciences an
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SUMMARY SOIL SCIENCES Variation of
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A survey study on determination of
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Effects of different nitrogen forms
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Determine the effect of some cultiv
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SOIL SCIENCES
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K + /Na + ratio that ultimately pre
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ZINC POLLUTION OF SOILS LOCATED INT
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as the result of the plant protecti
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OBTAINING OF HUMATE-BASED LIQUID FE
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an 11.6% mass loss and a 145.5 J/g
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mijloc important de fertilizare ech
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collected on 13/09/2012 at the dept
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Table 3. The Influence of mineral f
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CONCLUSIONS The Hybrid rapeseedseed
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Scientific Papers. Series A. Agrono
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CONCLUSIONS The results have shown
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organic carbon was determined thoug
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THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL TILLING SYSTE
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emerging plant, we recommend using
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at the cellular level of Ni (Bou et
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concentrations in agricultural soil
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Surfaces at the bottom shows higher
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substantial balance that means maxi
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Table 4. Aggregate composition and
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1. The initial parameters of ordina
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Table 8. Modification of the featur
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Abstract Scientific Papers. Series
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the linear correlation coefficient
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CONCLUSIONS For soil polluted with
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50 and 100 mg/kg and appreciated th
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Figure 4. Copper content in soil Fi
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samples collected in northern of fa
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Study areas T
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influenced by heavy metals contamin
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Pankhurst C.E., 1997. Biodeversity
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horizons, color, texture, structure
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From a chemical reaction these soil
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- Organic matter by Tiurin; - pH (H
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Invertebrat
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of moisture in arable layers, incre
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experimentation. The increase of mo
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THE TRANSITION PERIOD TO THE MARKET
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Activity data Activity data comes f
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Figure 2. The decrease of cultivate
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of nitrous oxide. In: Revised 1996
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Laboratory results have been interp
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The air-mass interferes with the ov
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Under these conditions, Moldavian r
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decreased to near wilting coefficie
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CONCLUSIONS Severe drought that aff
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(temperature and soil moisture, air
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primary cultures analyzed, hybrids
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weeding crops during the growing se
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improper drainage and irrigation (G
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Figure 4. Scores plot of the soil s
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Table 1. Cluster analysis of the st
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DIFFERENTIATION OF FERTILIZATION RA
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Figure 2. Situation and location of
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Statistical data processing For the
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Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer
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30 m. Regarding the formation and d
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considerably less. These facts are
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Table 2. Hydraulic dimensioning Par
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SPATIAL VARIATION OF PHYSICAL CLAY
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Figure 2. Situation and location of
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esistant to high clay content in th
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CONCLUSIONS Described regularities
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ecome widespread and in order to ea
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Table 3. Results of the analysis of
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COMPARISON OF SYSTEMS FOR TAXONOMY
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Soil types
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underdeveloped cinnamon forest soil
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Figure 8. Content of skeletal fract
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MODEL FOR INVESTIGATION, AMELIORATI
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Characteris
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terrain is in the composition of a
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Such characteristics require the ne
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Australia) with high resolution nit
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some important medicinal plants of
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RFV = [120 / NDF] × [88.9 - (0.779
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average at Viani - Brila County). A
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Figure 1. Dry above-ground biomass
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County) and 30.29% (CERA 270 hybrid
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phenological stages were found to h
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STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF
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ainfall were able to have a negativ
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Figure 7. Thermo-hydric stress fact
Page 196 and 197: In Romania is grown a large assortm
Page 198 and 199: Mainly vitamin C, E and polyphenols
Page 200 and 201: soluble compounds with antioxidant
Page 202 and 203: primarily the water-soluble antioxi
Page 204 and 205: has a split-split-plot design with
Page 206 and 207: Kovács B., Gyori Z., Prokisch J.,
Page 208 and 209: pays off (Mares et al., 2004; Gonz
Page 210 and 211: Table 3. Tested variants V1 Control
Page 212 and 213: about the inner value of flora. The
Page 214 and 215: MATERIALS AND METHODS Biological ma
Page 216 and 217: Figure 2. Correlation between prote
Page 218 and 219: CONCLUSIONS Production and quality
Page 220 and 221: The following presents several tech
Page 222 and 223: 3. Evolution of total weed number i
Page 224 and 225: RESEARCH ON APPLICATION OF NPK FERT
Page 226 and 227: Also increase production significan
Page 228 and 229: In April 2012, the pre-sowing proce
Page 230 and 231: difference with the hoed control sa
Page 232 and 233: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Data about
Page 234 and 235: Table 7. Proved difference between
Page 236 and 237: Scientific Papers. Series A. Agrono
Page 238 and 239: Table 1. Variance analysis experien
Page 240 and 241: Amongst the three precocity groups,
Page 242 and 243: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was car
Page 244 and 245: to present genetic sources of resis
Page 248 and 249: Halstedii is necessary to identify
Page 250 and 251: EFFICIENCY OF UTILIZATION OF ASELEC
Page 252 and 253: to separate the effects of genotype
Page 254 and 255: INFLUENCE OF THE CLIMATIC CONDITION
Page 256 and 257: In 2012, at NARDI Fundulea, data fr
Page 258 and 259: parameter from the treated variants
Page 260 and 261: Table 6. The effectiveness of some
Page 264 and 265: Table 1. Probability of the meteoro
Page 266 and 267: At 50% DI in EOF, only a small part
Page 268 and 269: This was probably due to the specif
Page 270 and 271: under deficit irrigation. This prov
Page 272 and 273: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Intervals w
Page 274 and 275: productions from one year to anothe
Page 276 and 277: epresented by soil ecologization an
Page 278 and 279: new created ones as a basic conditi
Page 280 and 281: The highest number of kernels per e
Page 282 and 283: Table 8. Average weight of thousand
Page 284 and 285: CONCLUSIONS The drought from the ye
Page 286 and 287: IWM as appropriate, necessary studi
Page 288 and 289: 100% in the first 6 weeks of growth
Page 292 and 293: locules boll -1 (0.02), seeds locul
Page 294 and 295: Bhutto H., Baloch M.J., Yousaf M.,
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Table 4. GCA effects for morpho-yie
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MATERIALS AND METHODS This study wa
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vegetation of each of the swaths, i
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Sudangrass hybrids depending on the
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The parameters of biomass and dry m
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transplanting and ½ applied at fir
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Fertilization Forms Table 2. The me
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growing agricultural farms; evoluti
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In this area, priority must be to p
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soybean seeds are found farms that
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are a better material for haploid i
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Figure 6. Embryo and endosperm mark
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RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE
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Table 1. The influence of seeding d
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Exagone hybrid. Thus, when sown at
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Table 9. The influence of sowing di
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MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to k
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Table 3. Genotype influence on whea
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Romanian varieties from the experim
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Table 2. Efficacy of some fungicide
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ROMANIAN WHEAT - STRATEGIC PRODUCT
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exceeded 2,000 thou ha, and maximum
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Values over 26% wet gluten were det
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effective and can build a significa
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grassland. This method is commonly
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RESULTS REGARDING DROUGHT RESISTANC
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average for this period is 170.6 mm
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Hybrid FAO grupe Table 2. The main
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length has lowest values at the unt
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CHARACTERISTICS OF SECOND GENERATIO
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developed in Dobrudzha Agricultural
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Table 5. Cytological characteristic
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We can see in the table that all li
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Mean compar
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Table 4. Statistical interpretation
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONVENTIONAL A
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Improved sunflower hybrids for use
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differences in production to contro
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International Center for Agricultur
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Table 3. Evaluation of Genotypes fo
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Table 1. Characteristics of city sl
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Table 4. Amount of the rainfall dur
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ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE
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maize had a density of 5 plants/m 2
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CONCLUSIONS In terms of productivit
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amino acids, such as 4-hydroxyisole
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Table 5. Determining chlorophyll pi
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PROPOSALS ON TECHNOLOGY OF MOVING A
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These are the main technical charac
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FUNGAL BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHA
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Climate change effects and Dobrogea
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Figure 10. Pure culture of benefici
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MANAGEMENT OF BENEFICIAL MICROORGAN
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microorganisms DSMZ Braunschweig -
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Protocol of research and reporting
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“HERBAL MEDNET” AN INNOVATIVE A
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Figure 2. Value of global herbal ma
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Figure 3. The Allelopathy effect on
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AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND RENEWA
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Research was also aimed at observin
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Leaf production of dry matter per h
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cooking oil and jatropha oil (Vonsh
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machines, many different fat extrac
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Table 4. The nutrient content Conte
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Figure 21. Dunaliella salina sp. ch
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for the decline is the growing numb
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Tractor power seemed the obvious wa
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Figure 4 shows that in 17 post war
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their employability, help raise the
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. Scientific Papers. Series A. Agro
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through the sprinkler irrigation. A
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Figure 5. Overlapping sprinklers wi
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGROMETEOROLOGIC
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Bulgaria to the use of agroclimatic
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Figure 9. Duration of the period so
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Figure 18. Evapotranspiration of wi
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS After scari
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The influence of the texture on the
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Figure 6. Area of land planted with
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APPLIED BIOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL SCI
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Researches we
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RESEARCHES REGARDING EVOLUTION OF S
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gradually reduce towards the end of
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According to that, the aspect of th
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etween classes of variation with ma
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Table 2. Average heights of Lycium
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V 1 V 2 Table 6. Average shoot leng
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Table 13. Average dry substance of
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centrifuge (7000 rev/min. during 20
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7, Streptomyces sp. 9, and Streptom
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laboratory of Biology, USAMV Buchar
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SOME NEW SPECIMENS FOR ZOOLOGICAL T
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New reptiles for our teaching colle
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Figure 1. Scatter plot of odontosty
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Table 4. Measurements of Xiphinema
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Malus pumila and P. avium are new h
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- the mean, minimum and maximum mon
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The monthly mean of the flow highli
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longer in balance with the existing
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ecording the encountered plant spec
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Mediterranean (3), Balkan (1), Cent
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Table 3. Segetal species of the Top
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of sugar/flower and the honey poten
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Territorial concentration of mellif
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CONCLUSIONS In Giurgiu County there
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farm (Awake, 1998). Rahman et al. 2
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Table 3 shows that there was a high
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS x, k, r, R
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Figure 3. Us-Pressure Relations of
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