Scientific Papers Series A. Agronomy

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REFERENCES Andrie S., 2008. Natural and anthropogenic conditions of soil degradation and technological methods for minimizing the consequences of unfavourable ecopedological factors. In: Minimizing the impact of extreme pedoclimactic factors on crops, Chiinu, p. 44-76. Banaru A., 2001. Improved recommendations for applying organic fertilizers in orchard and vineyard plantations Pontos, Chiinu, p. 19-20. Krupenikov I., 2004. Biospheric-ecological consequences of erosion processes. Assessment of eroded soils fertilization. In: Soil Erosion. Pontos, Chiinu, p. 72-97. Lixandru Gh., 2006. Management of organic fertilizers. Integrated fertilization systems in agriculture. Ed. PIM, Iai, p. 185-204. Rozloga Iu., 2010. Structure of soil cover on slopes in the Republic of Moldova, Agricultural Science, No.2, p. 7-11. urcan M., 1993. Improved recommendations for applying organic fertilizers in Moldova. Agroinformreclama, Chiinu, p. 72-93. 95
THE TRANSITION PERIOD TO THE MARKET ECONOMY AND THE DECREASE OF N 2 O EMISSIONS FROM THE ROMANIAN AGRICULTURAL SOILS Abstract Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LVI, 2013 ISSN 2285-5785; ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5793; ISSN Online 2285-5807; ISSN-L 2285-5785 Vasilica STAN, Ana VÎRSTA, Elena Mirela DUA University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Mrti Blvd., District 1, 011464, Bucharest, Romania Corresponding author email: vstan@agro-bucuresti.ro An inventory of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from Romanian agricultural soils was carried out in 2012 for a period of 22 years (1989-2010) using the IPCC (2000) approach. Activity data comes from the Romanian Institute for Statistics and IPCC default emissions factors were used as any country-specific emissions factors were developed since Romania ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 2001. Direct emissions of N 2 O, resulted from anthropogenic activities (i.e. from the soils to which the N is added) and indirect emissions (through volatilization as NH3 and NOx and subsequent redeposition, and through leaching and runoff) were calculated using the IPCC (2000) Guidelines equations (Tier 1a and Tier 1b). The total soil emissions decreased from 46.29 Gg N-N 2 O in 1989 to 20.18 Gg N-N 2 O in 2000. Between 2001 and 2010, only in 2004 there was an important growth of N 2 O emissions, but not more than 24.42 Gg N-N 2 O respectively. This decrease of total soil emissions of N-N 2 O is mainly due to the dissolution of state agricultural entreprises and agricultural cooperatives and to the reforms of this economical sector. In order to improve the quality of the estimations and to reduce uncertainty, for further inventories, national data will be necessary. Key words: emissions, soil, nitrous oxide. INTRODUCTION Land Law No. 18/1991 changed the structure of the agricultural holdings in Romania. This law abolished the agricultural cooperatives, which were economic structures resulting from the nationalization before 1962 and allowed the rural population, mostly farmers to recover their own land. Thus, compared with the situation prior to the law, when every rural community had only one agricultural holding of 1500 ha (in case of small villages) and up to 4000 ha (in case of large communes), the number of parcels, as well as the number of farmers, increased after this law was enforced. In Romania, in 2010, there were more than 2 million farms with an area greater than 1 ha. This split land ratio was still higher in the 1990s. Small farmers had no means and some of them lacked also the required knowledge to apply technology previously used in agricultural production cooperatives. Under these conditions, crop production gradually decreased. These changes have completely unintentionally influenced the amount of greenhouse gas emissions produced by agriculture. 96 In 2001, Romania ratified the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Parties that ratified the Convention, “shall develop, periodically update, publish and make available…national inventories of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, using comparable methodologies…”. An emissions inventory that identifies and quantifies a country's primary anthropogenic sources and sinks of greenhouse gases is essential for addressing climate change (EPA, 2011). The term “anthropogenic”, in this context, refers to greenhouse gas emissions and removals that are a direct result of human activities or are the result of natural processes that have been affected by human activities (IPCC / UNEP / OECD / IEA 1997). As it was already reported, agriculture is a major source of gaseous emissions contributing to air pollution and climate change (Gac et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2011) through a variety of different processes: domestic livestock, which refer to enteric fermentation and manure
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SCIENTIFIC PAPERS SERIES A. AGRONOM
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University of Agronomic Sciences an
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SUMMARY SOIL SCIENCES Variation of
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A survey study on determination of
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Effects of different nitrogen forms
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Determine the effect of some cultiv
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SOIL SCIENCES
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K + /Na + ratio that ultimately pre
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ZINC POLLUTION OF SOILS LOCATED INT
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as the result of the plant protecti
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OBTAINING OF HUMATE-BASED LIQUID FE
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an 11.6% mass loss and a 145.5 J/g
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mijloc important de fertilizare ech
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collected on 13/09/2012 at the dept
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Table 3. The Influence of mineral f
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CONCLUSIONS The Hybrid rapeseedseed
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Scientific Papers. Series A. Agrono
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CONCLUSIONS The results have shown
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organic carbon was determined thoug
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THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL TILLING SYSTE
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emerging plant, we recommend using
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Page 47 and 48: concentrations in agricultural soil
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Page 51 and 52: Surfaces at the bottom shows higher
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Page 55 and 56: Table 4. Aggregate composition and
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Page 59 and 60: 1. The initial parameters of ordina
Page 61 and 62: Table 8. Modification of the featur
Page 63 and 64: Abstract Scientific Papers. Series
Page 65 and 66: the linear correlation coefficient
Page 67 and 68: CONCLUSIONS For soil polluted with
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Page 71 and 72: Figure 4. Copper content in soil Fi
Page 73 and 74: samples collected in northern of fa
Page 75 and 76: MATERIALS AND METHODS Study areas T
Page 77 and 78: influenced by heavy metals contamin
Page 79 and 80: Pankhurst C.E., 1997. Biodeversity
Page 81 and 82: horizons, color, texture, structure
Page 83 and 84: From a chemical reaction these soil
Page 85 and 86: - Organic matter by Tiurin; - pH (H
Page 89 and 90: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Invertebrat
Page 91 and 92: of moisture in arable layers, incre
Page 95: experimentation. The increase of mo
Page 99 and 100: Activity data Activity data comes f
Page 101 and 102: Figure 2. The decrease of cultivate
Page 103 and 104: of nitrous oxide. In: Revised 1996
Page 105 and 106: Laboratory results have been interp
Page 107 and 108: The air-mass interferes with the ov
Page 109 and 110: Under these conditions, Moldavian r
Page 111 and 112: decreased to near wilting coefficie
Page 113 and 114: CONCLUSIONS Severe drought that aff
Page 115 and 116: (temperature and soil moisture, air
Page 117 and 118: primary cultures analyzed, hybrids
Page 119 and 120: weeding crops during the growing se
Page 121 and 122: improper drainage and irrigation (G
Page 123 and 124: Figure 4. Scores plot of the soil s
Page 125 and 126: Table 1. Cluster analysis of the st
Page 127 and 128: DIFFERENTIATION OF FERTILIZATION RA
Page 129 and 130: Figure 2. Situation and location of
Page 131 and 132: Statistical data processing For the
Page 133 and 134: Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer
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Page 139 and 140: Table 2. Hydraulic dimensioning Par
Page 141 and 142: SPATIAL VARIATION OF PHYSICAL CLAY
Page 143 and 144: Figure 2. Situation and location of
Page 145 and 146: esistant to high clay content in th
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CONCLUSIONS Described regularities
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ecome widespread and in order to ea
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Table 3. Results of the analysis of
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COMPARISON OF SYSTEMS FOR TAXONOMY
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Soil types
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underdeveloped cinnamon forest soil
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Figure 8. Content of skeletal fract
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MODEL FOR INVESTIGATION, AMELIORATI
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Characteris
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terrain is in the composition of a
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Such characteristics require the ne
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Abstract Scientific Papers. Series
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Australia) with high resolution nit
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some important medicinal plants of
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RFV = [120 / NDF] × [88.9 - (0.779
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average at Viani - Brila County). A
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Figure 1. Dry above-ground biomass
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County) and 30.29% (CERA 270 hybrid
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phenological stages were found to h
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STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF
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ainfall were able to have a negativ
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Figure 7. Thermo-hydric stress fact
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In Romania is grown a large assortm
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Mainly vitamin C, E and polyphenols
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soluble compounds with antioxidant
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primarily the water-soluble antioxi
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has a split-split-plot design with
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Kovács B., Gyori Z., Prokisch J.,
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pays off (Mares et al., 2004; Gonz
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Table 3. Tested variants V1 Control
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about the inner value of flora. The
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Biological ma
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Figure 2. Correlation between prote
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CONCLUSIONS Production and quality
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The following presents several tech
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3. Evolution of total weed number i
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RESEARCH ON APPLICATION OF NPK FERT
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Also increase production significan
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In April 2012, the pre-sowing proce
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difference with the hoed control sa
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Data about
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Table 7. Proved difference between
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Table 1. Variance analysis experien
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Amongst the three precocity groups,
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was car
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to present genetic sources of resis
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REFERENCES Antonova T.S., Araslanov
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Halstedii is necessary to identify
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EFFICIENCY OF UTILIZATION OF ASELEC
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to separate the effects of genotype
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INFLUENCE OF THE CLIMATIC CONDITION
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In 2012, at NARDI Fundulea, data fr
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parameter from the treated variants
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Table 6. The effectiveness of some
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Table 1. Probability of the meteoro
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At 50% DI in EOF, only a small part
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This was probably due to the specif
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under deficit irrigation. This prov
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Intervals w
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productions from one year to anothe
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epresented by soil ecologization an
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new created ones as a basic conditi
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The highest number of kernels per e
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Table 8. Average weight of thousand
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CONCLUSIONS The drought from the ye
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IWM as appropriate, necessary studi
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100% in the first 6 weeks of growth
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locules boll -1 (0.02), seeds locul
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Bhutto H., Baloch M.J., Yousaf M.,
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Table 4. GCA effects for morpho-yie
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MATERIALS AND METHODS This study wa
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vegetation of each of the swaths, i
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Sudangrass hybrids depending on the
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The parameters of biomass and dry m
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transplanting and ½ applied at fir
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Fertilization Forms Table 2. The me
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growing agricultural farms; evoluti
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In this area, priority must be to p
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soybean seeds are found farms that
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are a better material for haploid i
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Figure 6. Embryo and endosperm mark
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RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE
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Table 1. The influence of seeding d
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Exagone hybrid. Thus, when sown at
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Table 9. The influence of sowing di
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MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to k
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Table 3. Genotype influence on whea
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Romanian varieties from the experim
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Table 2. Efficacy of some fungicide
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ROMANIAN WHEAT - STRATEGIC PRODUCT
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exceeded 2,000 thou ha, and maximum
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Values over 26% wet gluten were det
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effective and can build a significa
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grassland. This method is commonly
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RESULTS REGARDING DROUGHT RESISTANC
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average for this period is 170.6 mm
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Hybrid FAO grupe Table 2. The main
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length has lowest values at the unt
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CHARACTERISTICS OF SECOND GENERATIO
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developed in Dobrudzha Agricultural
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Table 5. Cytological characteristic
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We can see in the table that all li
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Mean compar
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Table 4. Statistical interpretation
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONVENTIONAL A
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Improved sunflower hybrids for use
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differences in production to contro
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International Center for Agricultur
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Table 3. Evaluation of Genotypes fo
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Table 1. Characteristics of city sl
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Table 4. Amount of the rainfall dur
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ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE
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maize had a density of 5 plants/m 2
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CONCLUSIONS In terms of productivit
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amino acids, such as 4-hydroxyisole
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Table 5. Determining chlorophyll pi
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PROPOSALS ON TECHNOLOGY OF MOVING A
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These are the main technical charac
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FUNGAL BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHA
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Climate change effects and Dobrogea
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Figure 10. Pure culture of benefici
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MANAGEMENT OF BENEFICIAL MICROORGAN
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microorganisms DSMZ Braunschweig -
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Protocol of research and reporting
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“HERBAL MEDNET” AN INNOVATIVE A
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Figure 2. Value of global herbal ma
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Figure 3. The Allelopathy effect on
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AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND RENEWA
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Research was also aimed at observin
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Leaf production of dry matter per h
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cooking oil and jatropha oil (Vonsh
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machines, many different fat extrac
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Table 4. The nutrient content Conte
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Figure 21. Dunaliella salina sp. ch
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for the decline is the growing numb
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Tractor power seemed the obvious wa
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Figure 4 shows that in 17 post war
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their employability, help raise the
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. Scientific Papers. Series A. Agro
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through the sprinkler irrigation. A
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Figure 5. Overlapping sprinklers wi
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGROMETEOROLOGIC
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Bulgaria to the use of agroclimatic
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Figure 9. Duration of the period so
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Figure 18. Evapotranspiration of wi
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS After scari
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The influence of the texture on the
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Figure 6. Area of land planted with
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APPLIED BIOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL SCI
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Researches we
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RESEARCHES REGARDING EVOLUTION OF S
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gradually reduce towards the end of
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According to that, the aspect of th
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etween classes of variation with ma
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Table 2. Average heights of Lycium
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V 1 V 2 Table 6. Average shoot leng
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Table 13. Average dry substance of
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centrifuge (7000 rev/min. during 20
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7, Streptomyces sp. 9, and Streptom
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laboratory of Biology, USAMV Buchar
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SOME NEW SPECIMENS FOR ZOOLOGICAL T
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New reptiles for our teaching colle
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Figure 1. Scatter plot of odontosty
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Table 4. Measurements of Xiphinema
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Malus pumila and P. avium are new h
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- the mean, minimum and maximum mon
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The monthly mean of the flow highli
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longer in balance with the existing
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ecording the encountered plant spec
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Mediterranean (3), Balkan (1), Cent
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Table 3. Segetal species of the Top
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of sugar/flower and the honey poten
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Territorial concentration of mellif
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CONCLUSIONS In Giurgiu County there
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farm (Awake, 1998). Rahman et al. 2
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Table 3 shows that there was a high
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS x, k, r, R
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Figure 3. Us-Pressure Relations of
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