trans

INDEX 487
Trypanosoma equiperdum, 90–1
glucose transporters, 144
Trypanosoma evansi,90
Trypanosoma rangeli, 174, 175
Trypanosoma vivax,91
chemotherapy, 419
variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs), 95, 96
vectors, 90
Trypanosomatids:
amino acid uptake, 172
antigenic variation, 29–30, 89–90, 91–106
cell-cycle regulation, 76
chemotherapy, 446–53
drug resistance, 413–23
cyclic nucleotide signaling, 256
adenylyl cyclases, 259–60
functional aspects, 261–2
cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), 271–2
digestive organelles, 180
energy metabolism, 140–53
aldolase, 145–6
enolase, 148
glucose transport, 144
glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, 145
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
146–7
glycerol kinase, 147
glycerol transporter, 144
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
147
glycosomes, 140, 141
hexokinase, 144–5
hexose-monophosphate pathway,
149–51
metabolite transporters, 143–4
phosphofructokinase, 145
phosphoglycerate kinase, 147–8
phosphoglycerate mutase, 148
pyruvate kinase, 148
pyruvate phosphate dikinase, 148–9
pyruvate transporter, 144
therapeutic targets, 146–7
triose-phosphate isomerase, 146
genomes, 20–1, 73
immune response to infection, 103–4
innate resistance, 104–5
life cycles, 73–4, 180
mitochondria, 281
mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases,
269–70
ornithine decarboxylases, 189
post-transcriptional regulation, 73–85
effects of protein synthesis inhibition, 80
HSP genes, 80–1
therapeutic targeting, 86–7
translation control, 85
3-untranslated region, 76–80
procyclins (PARP proteins), 93
protein phosphatases, 274
purine metabolism, 212–15
transport, 203–5
pyrimidine metabolism, 220–1
RNA 5-untranslated region, 76
RNA cis-splicing, 75
RNA degradation, 84–5
RNA editing, 38–9
RNA polyadenylation, 75–6
RNA trans-splicing, 30, 33, 75–6
polycistronic RNA processing, 35–7, 49
surface coat:
carbohydrates, 225–40
replacement during development, 93
structure, 91
transcription, 47, 48–50
class I genes, 50–6, 73
class II genes, 57
class III genes, 63
promoter structures, 52, 53
regulation, 51
spliced leader (SL) RNA genes, 59, 61–3
tRNA gene–small nuclear/small cytoplasmic
RNA gene functional association, 62, 63–4
variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs), 30, 91–7
vectors, 90–1
Trypanosome alternative oxidase
(ubiquinol:oxygen oxidoreductase), 141
inhibitors, 141, 143
Trypanosome lytic factor, 105
haptoglobin-related protein (Hpr), 105
Trypanothione, 192
biosynthesis inhibitors, 430
Leishmania drug resistance mechanisms, 415,
416
melarsoprol mode of action, 419
Trypanothione reductase, 419
Tsetse (Glossina), 90
Tubular system, nematodes, 336–7
TVCA1, 246
Tyrosine aminotransferase, 187
Tyrosine kinase, 370
Tyrosine phosphorylation–dephosphorylation,
265