Total Quality Management - CII Institute of Logistics
Total Quality Management - CII Institute of Logistics
Total Quality Management - CII Institute of Logistics
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<strong>Total</strong> <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>Management</strong><br />
6. Process decision program chart--A method for mapping out every conceivable event and<br />
contingency that can occur when moving from a problem statement to possible<br />
solutions.<br />
7 Arrow diagrams-- Arrow diagrams are another name for PERT/CPM project<br />
planning diagrams. Students who have had a basic operations management course may<br />
be familiar with the term network diagram<br />
1.12 Structure and Strategy<br />
The implications for quality are that the quality philosophy, systems, procedures, and<br />
people must be aligned with the organization structure and vice-versa. It has been said<br />
that “structure follows strategy,” so, the quality strategy will ideally “drive” the<br />
development <strong>of</strong> a structure in order to carry it out. In reality, structures that have been<br />
in place for a long time are <strong>of</strong>ten difficult to change when the strategy changes, which<br />
creates significant misalignment and organizational stress. For example, when a highly<br />
regulated industry, such as telecommunications or electric power is deregulated, then<br />
the need for customer focus, increased service quality, and organizational structural<br />
change becomes painfully apparent, but difficult to accomplish.<br />
Many variations <strong>of</strong> organization structure exist, but they are commonly based on one <strong>of</strong><br />
the following three forms: 1) line organization, 2) line and staff organization, or 3)<br />
matrix organization forms. The line organization is a simple form that is most<br />
successful in small firms. It is not generally used in large organizations, where the line<br />
and staff structure is most prevalent. Neither the pure line organization nor line and<br />
staff organization works very well where the environment <strong>of</strong> the firm and its industry is<br />
changing very rapidly. That is because these types <strong>of</strong> organizations tend to be rigidly<br />
structured. The matrix organizational form is better suited to rapidly changing<br />
environments, but it is more difficult to develop effective control <strong>of</strong> outcomes in order<br />
to meet goals using this form <strong>of</strong> organization.<br />
<strong>CII</strong> <strong>Institute</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Logistics</strong> 32<br />
Website: www.ciilogistics.com