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Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2001 Table 9. Income over specified expenses per acre of stocker cattle which grazed soft red winter wheat forage from October through April. Hickory Jaypee Stocking density 500 750 500 750 lb/acre lb/acre lb/acre lb/acre Economic parameters: Total income, $/acre 1069.88 1528.88 1063.88 1525.25 Expenses 1 : Forage costs, $/acre 115.08 115.08 111.84 111.84 Non-forage costs, $/acre 72.98 101.90 72.98 101.90 Animal purchase cost, $75/cwt 750.00 1125.00 750.00 1125.00 Animal purchase cost, $80/cwt 800.00 1200.00 800.00 1200.00 Animal purchase cost, $85/cwt 850.00 1275.00 850.00 1275.00 Income over specified expenses $/acre: Purchase cost $75/cwt 131.82 186.90 129.06 186.51 Purchase cost $80/cwt 81.82 111.90 79.06 111.51 Purchase cost $85/cwt 31.82 36.90 29.06 37.41 1 Do not include preconditioning, insurance or land use. Table 10. Economic scenario of harvesting soft red winter wheat forage from October through April with stocker cattle, harvesting winter wheat from October through February with stocker cattle and then harvesting wheat grain, or only harvesting wheat grain. Hickory Jaypee Stocking density 500 750 500 750 lb/acre lb/acre lb/acre lb/acre Economic parameters 1 : Net income over specified expenses, $/acre Continuous grazing Purchase $85 cwt – selling $75 cwt 31.82 39.60 29.06 37.41 Purchase $80 cwt – selling $75 cwt 81.82 111.90 79.06 111.51 Purchase $75 cwt – selling $75 cwt 131.82 186.90 129.06 186.51 Grazing & wheat grain ($75 cwt selling) Wheat $3.50/bu 182.70 231.84 179.57 214.70 Wheat $3.00/bu 160.20 191.34 157.07 192.20 Wheat $2.50/bu 137.70 168.84 134.57 169.70 Wheat grain $3.50/bu 6.33 6.33 9.57 9.57 $3.00/bu -16.17 -16.17 -12.93 -12.93 $2.50/bu -38.67 -38.67 -35.45 -35.43 1 Do not include land use cost, preconditioning or insurance. 102
Effects of Stockpiling Initiation Date and Nitrogen Fertilization Rate on the Yield of Stockpiled Bermudagrass Harvested Throughout the Fall and Winter D. A. Scarbrough, 1 W. K. Coblentz, 1 K. P. Coffey, 1 J. E. Turner, 1 J. B. Humphry, 1 and K. F. Harrison 2 Story in Brief Limited information is available that describes the DM yield potential of stockpiled bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] during late fall and early winter. Well-established stands of ‘Common’ and ‘Tifton 44’ bermudagrass at Fayetteville and Batesville, AR, respectively, were chosen to evaluate the effects of stockpiling initiation date and nitrogen (N) fertilization rate on the dry matter (DM) yield potential of stockpiled bermudagrass forages throughout late fall and early winter. At Fayetteville, DM yields of stockpiled bermudagrass initiated on August 8 decreased (P < 0.05) between November 8 and November 29, but did not change (P > 0.05) between October 18 and November 8, or between November 29 and January 8. Yields for forage that began the stockpiling period later (September 6) were highest (P < 0.05) on November 8. At Batesville, DM yields of stockpiled bermudagrass initiated on August 10 and September 6 followed trends similar to those observed at Fayetteville. High temperatures and low moisture availability during the early fall, in addition to an early killing frost and unusual weather patterns during the sampling period probably limited the yield potential of stockpiled bermudagrass throughout the late fall and early winter. Introduction Beef cattle producers in Arkansas and the southeastern US face many economic obstacles, one of which is feeding mother cows throughout the winter. Many of these producers rely on bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] as a primary warm-season forage source during the growing season. Bermudagrass has the potential to produce high forage yields in response to fertilization with N (Doss et al., 1966; Hill et al., 1993). This growth has traditionally been used to support grazing livestock, but large quantities are also harvested as hay which is subsequently fed during the late fall and early winter after bermudagrass enters dormancy. However, costs associated with hay production, and adverse weather conditions during spring and summer make extended grazing systems attractive to producers. Recently, winter-feeding systems that involve stockpiling standing bermudagrass at the end of the growing season have received increased interest. Stockpiled bermudagrass can provide winter pasture for grazing livestock, thereby reducing the need for supplemental hay and its associated costs (D’Souza et al., 1990; Hitz and Russell, 1998). However, most agronomic research studies have focused on measuring DM yields of bermudagrass during the growing season (Burton et al., 1963; Jolliff et al., 1979). Little information is available that describes the DM yield potential of stockpiled bermudagrass forages. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of stockpiling initiation date and N fertilization rate on the DM yield potential of stockpiled ‘Common’ and ‘Tifton 44’ bermudagrass forages throughout late fall and early winter. Experimental Procedures Well-established stands of ‘Common’ and ‘Tifton 44’ bermudagrass were divided into four blocks consisting of eight plots each at Fayetteville and Batesville, AR, respectively, in July 2000. Half of the plots in each block received their final summer harvest on August 8 and 10 at Fayetteville and Batesville, respectively; the remaining plots were harvested for the last time during the growing season on September 6 at both locations. These two final harvest dates were used to create different initiation dates for autumn forage accumulation, which ultimately resulted in different plant ages throughout the accumulation and sampling periods of the trial. Nitrogen fertilizer treatments (0, 33, 66, or 99 lb N/acre) were applied as ammonium nitrate (34-0-0) to plots on each initiation date. Forage growth was allowed to accumulate until mid-October, when the sampling period of the trial was initiated. Plots were sampled (2-in stubble height) in 3-wk intervals between mid-October and late-November to determine DM yields. A fourth and final sampling date was delayed until early-January due to poor weather conditions that included substantial snow-fall events and subsequent 1 Department of Animal Science, Fayetteville 2 Livestock and Forestry Branch Station, Batesville 103
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Arkansas Animal Science Department
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spine copy ARKANSAS ANIMAL SCIENCE
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INTRODUCTION The faculty and staff
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COMMON ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation T
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The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizati
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Demographics and Academic Success o
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Efficacy of Mannan Oligosaccharide
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Effects of Dietary Magnesium and Ha
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Effect of Feather Meal on Live Anim
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Maternal Effects for Performance Te
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The Impact of Multiple Antimicrobia
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The Impact of Multiple Antimicrobia
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The Use of Hurdle Technology to Red
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Consumer Acceptability of Forage Fe
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